本文選題：whiffletree　切入點：底支撐　出處：《中國科學院長春光學精密機械與物理研究所》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著現代天文學和軍事技術的不斷發(fā)展,我們希望看得越來越遠,看清越來越暗弱的目標。由于口徑越大的望遠鏡分辨力和集光能力越強,所以人們不斷地建造越來越大的望遠鏡。三十米望遠鏡(TMT)代表了當今天文望遠鏡研制的最高技術水平。TMT三鏡作為直接參與光學系統(tǒng)成像的主要元件,其面形精度是影響望遠鏡成像質量的關鍵因素之一。針對TMT三鏡,為了保證其在工作時保持良好的面形精度,本文設計了其Whiffletree形式的底支撐系統(tǒng),并對支撐結構的參數敏感性和平衡性調節(jié)測試方法進行了分析研究。具體研究內容如下:首先分析總結大口徑反射鏡底支撐系統(tǒng)的結構形式和基本原理,重點對Whiffletree結構的工作原理進行分析研究。綜合考慮各方面因素,最終選擇了18點兩級Whiffletree結構的底支撐方案。以鏡面面形的RMS值為目標函數,優(yōu)化計算底支撐點的位置,根據最優(yōu)解的有限元分析結果,鏡面面形的RMS值達到105.6nm。接著使用APDL建立TMT三鏡底支撐系統(tǒng)的參數化有限元模型,針對Whiffletree結構直接應用在橢圓形反射鏡支撐中支撐效果很差的問題,分析提出采用校正力矩法對支撐力進行校正,并對校正力矩進行優(yōu)化計算,校正后的鏡面面形RMS值為107.6nm,基本達到支撐點位置優(yōu)化時的面形精度。然后考慮到實際加工裝配過程中引入的誤差會對支撐效果帶來未知程度的影響,針對支撐結構主要參數進行了局部敏感性分析和全局敏感性分析,對結構位置誤差和平衡性誤差的敏感性進行了評估。最后針對Whiffletree結構的平衡性要求,設計了一種Whiffletree結構平衡性調節(jié)測試方法,并運用此方法對一套Whiffletree結構進行了調節(jié)測試,取得了良好的效果。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern astronomy and military technology, we want to see farther and further, to see the darker and weaker targets, because the larger the aperture of telescopes, the stronger the resolution and the ability to collect light. So people continue to build larger and larger telescopes. The 30 meter telescope represents the highest level of technology developed by today's astronomical telescopes. TMT3 mirrors are the main components directly involved in the imaging of optical systems. The plane shape accuracy is one of the key factors affecting the imaging quality of the telescope. In order to ensure the good surface shape accuracy of the TMT three-mirror, the bottom support system in the form of Whiffletree is designed in this paper. And the parameter sensitivity and balance adjustment test methods of braced structure are analyzed and studied. The specific research contents are as follows: firstly, the structure form and basic principle of large aperture mirror bottom bracing system are analyzed and summarized. The working principle of Whiffletree structure is analyzed and studied emphatically. Considering various factors, the bottom support scheme of 18:00 two-stage Whiffletree structure is selected. The RMS value of mirror surface is taken as the objective function to optimize the position of bottom support point. According to the results of the finite element analysis of the optimal solution, the RMS value of the mirror shape reaches 105.6 nm. Then, the parametric finite element model of the TMT three-mirror bottom support system is established by using APDL. Aiming at the problem that the Whiffletree structure is directly used in the elliptical mirror support, the correction torque method is proposed to correct the supporting force, and the correction moment is optimized. The corrected RMS value of mirror shape is 107.6 nm, which basically reaches the precision of support point position optimization. Then, considering the effect of the error introduced in the actual machining and assembly process, the support effect is unknown. The local sensitivity analysis and the global sensitivity analysis for the main parameters of the braced structure are carried out, and the sensitivity of the structural position error and the equilibrium error are evaluated. Finally, the equilibrium requirements of the Whiffletree structure are discussed. In this paper, a method of adjusting and testing the balance of Whiffletree structure is designed, and a set of Whiffletree structure is tested by this method, and good results are obtained.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學院長春光學精密機械與物理研究所
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH751

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