本文關(guān)鍵詞： Schwarzschild-de-Sitter黑洞 廣義不確定性原理 修正斯特藩-玻爾茲曼定律 壽命　出處：《廣州大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：早在200年之前,英國的米歇爾(R.J.Michell)和法國的拉普拉斯(P.S.Laplace)已經(jīng)通過牛頓力學(xué)和光的微粒說理論預(yù)言了“黑洞”的存在,但是楊氏干涉實(shí)驗(yàn)使暗星理論失去了支持。直到1915年,愛因斯坦提出廣義相對(duì)論,黑洞理論才得到長足的發(fā)展。但即便如此,人們始終認(rèn)為黑洞是一個(gè)“僵死”的天體,不對(duì)外輻射能量。1974年霍金從理論上論證了黑洞具有熱輻射,人們就開始熱衷于計(jì)算黑洞的壽命,推測黑洞演化過程。而黑洞Hawking輻射的最終命運(yùn)、量子理論中不確定性關(guān)系的修正等,一直是理論物理學(xué)家們關(guān)注的重要課題。本文是在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)的研究小組已有的研究基礎(chǔ)上把表示黑洞Hawking輻射能流密度修正過后的Stefan-Boltzmann定律擴(kuò)展到Schwarzschild-de-Sitter黑洞中,得到了與以前工作相洽的結(jié)果。文中介紹利用廣義不確定性原理修正斯特藩-玻爾茲曼定律,得到修正后的式子中含有兩個(gè)單項(xiàng)式,溫度四次方項(xiàng)和溫度六次方項(xiàng),其中溫度四次方項(xiàng)的系數(shù)不再是一個(gè)常數(shù),而是與薄層模型參數(shù)和視界坐標(biāo)距離有關(guān)。修正出現(xiàn)的溫度六次方項(xiàng)將會(huì)引起一個(gè)更有趣的現(xiàn)象,黑洞的蒸發(fā)將在一個(gè)有限的高溫下停止,然后剩下一個(gè)殘余,這里值得注意的是殘余質(zhì)量和普朗克質(zhì)量處于同一個(gè)量級(jí)。文中還討論和計(jì)算由于上述修正引起的黑洞壽命的變化,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)修正的量級(jí)十分小。雖然修正量非常小,但是這些推廣都是具有物理意義的,對(duì)研究黑洞Hawking輻射以及引力量子化思想的發(fā)展都有一定的參考價(jià)值。文章另外一個(gè)具有意義的地方是利用Schwarzschild-de-Sitter黑洞對(duì)宇宙學(xué)常數(shù)的觀測值和理論值的可靠性分別進(jìn)行了計(jì)算和討論,其結(jié)果表明觀測值更加可靠。文章共分三個(gè)部分:第一章緒論,包括簡介黑洞研究歷史和本文研究對(duì)象Schwarzschild-de-Sitter黑洞,霍金輻射機(jī)制和斯特藩-玻爾茲曼定律,一般Schwarzschild黑洞的壽命計(jì)算方式,以及廣義不確定性原理。第二章計(jì)算部分,計(jì)算Schwarzschild-de-Sitter黑洞輻射壽命,包括利用廣義不確定性原理計(jì)算輻射能流密度,得到修正的斯特藩-玻爾茲曼定律公式,解最高溫以及對(duì)宇宙學(xué)常數(shù)和剩余質(zhì)量的討論,最后得到黑洞壽命。第三章總結(jié)及展望部分,對(duì)得到的結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,總結(jié)其物理意義,列舉參考文獻(xiàn),以及對(duì)今后工作的進(jìn)行展望。
[Abstract]:As early as 200 years ago, Britain's Michel Laplasse (R.J.Michell) and France (P.S.Laplace) has been through the particle theory of light and Newtonian mechanics theory predicts a "black hole", but Young's interference experiment make dark star theory has lost support. Until 1915, Einstein put forward the theory of general relativity, black hole theory has been great development. But even so, people always think that a black hole is a dead body, no external radiation energy.1974 Hocking proved theoretically that the black hole has heat radiation, people began to keen on the calculation of black hole life, that black hole evolution. And the ultimate fate of Hawking radiation of black hole, the uncertainty relation of quantum in the theory of correction, has been an important topic of theoretical physicists attention. This paper is based on the research team at the tutor said to the black hole of Hawking Radiation flux density correction after the Stefan-Boltzmann law is extended to the Schwarzschild-de-Sitter black hole, has been consistent with previous work. In this paper using the generalized uncertainty principle modified Stefan Boltzmann law, obtained the modified formula containing two monomials, temperature four times and six times of temperature, coefficient the temperature of the four order term is not a constant, but related to the thin film model parameters and horizon coordinate from the temperature correction. Six Party A will lead to a more interesting phenomenon, black hole evaporation will stop in a finite temperature, and then left a residual, it is worth noting here the residual quality and Planck quality in the same order of magnitude. And the calculation of the correction due to changes in life caused by the black hole is also discussed in this paper, the results show that the modified magnitude is very small. Although The correction is very small, but these are physically meaningful, on the development of black hole radiation and Hawking quantum gravity ideas have a certain reference value. In another place of significance is the use of Schwarzschild-de-Sitter black hole observation on the value of the cosmological constant and the reliability of the theoretical value are calculated and discussed. The results show that the observed value is more reliable. The article is divided into three parts: the first chapter is the introduction, including the introduction of black hole research history and the research object Schwarzschild-de-Sitter black hole, Hocking radiation mechanism and the Stefan Boltzmann law, the general way of calculating the Schwarzschild black hole life, and the generalized uncertainty principle. The second chapter is the calculation part, the calculation of Schwarzschild-de-Sitter black hole the radiation lifetime, including the use of the generalized uncertainty principle calculation of radiation energy density, has been repaired Is the Stefan Boltzmann law formula, the solution temperature and discussion of the cosmological constant and the residual mass, and finally get the black hole life. Summary and outlook section of the third chapter, the results of analysis, summarizes its physical significance, cited references, and the future work prospects.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：P145.8

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