本文選題：模因論 + 強勢模因��； 參考：《安徽大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會的發(fā)展和科技的進步,新興的語言表達方式層出不窮。模因論為研究語言的發(fā)展變化提供了嶄新的理論框架。模因論是仿擬達爾文進化論中的基因進化觀點,來解釋文化進化的理論。模因由Dawkins(1976)提出,意為“被模仿的東西”。模因論認為語言本身就是模因。作為語言模因,新表達方式得到復制,新表達方式產(chǎn)生的創(chuàng)意也同樣得到復制和傳播。流傳范圍廣,受眾認知程度高,表達方式相對固定,出現(xiàn)頻率高的新表達方式在模因論中稱為強勢模因。近年來,隨著大眾媒體與網(wǎng)絡媒體的資源互補與媒體融合,大量模因從產(chǎn)生,傳播到廣泛使用的時間越來越短,并通過媒體的廣泛使用和進一步傳播而成為強勢模因。這些強勢模因傳播速度之快,流傳范圍之廣,影響范圍之大引起了社會的廣泛關(guān)注。 模因論作為新興的語用學理論,發(fā)展歷程相對較短。國外對模因論的研究直至1999年,才由Susan Blackmore爾初步確立的理論框架。2000年后,Levinson, Millikan, Distin, Chilton, Johansson等語言學家先后用模因論來解釋文化、思想和語言的進化問題。模因論于2002年引入國內(nèi),之后何自然開始致力于模因論的研究,他在《模因論與社會語用》《語言中的模因》等期刊文章中將模因論應用于研究具體的語言現(xiàn)象。目前國內(nèi)模因論的研究僅局限于某個特定語域內(nèi)部模因特點,類型,以及復制傳播過程的研究和分析,理論框架尚未完善。對“強勢模因”的研究,也僅僅局限于對其特點的歸納總結(jié),并沒有對其成功并廣泛傳播的形成機制進行理論分析,而模因論的整體架構(gòu)也沒有關(guān)于“強勢模因”形成的進一步理論解釋。目前尚未有結(jié)合媒體特點,運用順應論并結(jié)合模因產(chǎn)生復制傳播的全過程來分析“強勢模因”的研究先例。 本文以Dawkins(1976)提出的強勢模因特點：保真度,多產(chǎn)性及長壽性為語料選取標準,搜集大量近年來英文媒體中出現(xiàn)的強勢模因做為研究語料來進行定性分析。為了確保語料的合理性和客觀性,所有語料均使用模因搜索引擎memetracker進行了搜索和測試。本文嘗試從Verschueren(1987)提出的順應論角度出發(fā),結(jié)合媒體的特點和模因復制傳播的動態(tài)全過程構(gòu)建一個全面的理論框架來對語料進行分析,并試圖回答如下三個研究問題：1.在諸多意思相似的表達方式中,人們?yōu)槭裁磿x擇某個潛在的強勢模因來進行表達和交流?2.大眾媒體和網(wǎng)絡媒體是如何促進潛在強勢模因的復制和傳播的?3.媒體中強勢模因的形成機制是什么? 本文研究得出三個結(jié)論。首先,模因進入宿主記憶后,宿主交流時選擇模因這種表達方式是由順應驅(qū)使的。在不同意識程度下,宿主選擇模因這種語言結(jié)構(gòu)去順應語境相關(guān)成分,其中包括人們的心理世界、社交世界和物理世界等需求,來實現(xiàn)自己的交際目的。而潛在強勢模因良好的語境順應性使其在意思相同的眾多表達方式中脫穎而出,成為宿主選擇的表達方式。其次,宿主表達出的潛在強勢模因通過媒體傳播,傳統(tǒng)媒體與網(wǎng)絡媒體的傳播優(yōu)勢推動模因同化更多的宿主。最后,更多的宿主攜帶潛在強勢模因進入復制傳遞過程,并在迅速有力,受眾面廣的媒體推動下不斷復制傳遞,向更大的受眾群體迅速傳播,最終成為強勢模因。 這一研究具有一定的理論價值和實踐意義。在理論方面,本文分析并指出了強勢模因成功傳播的原因和機制,填補模因論中關(guān)于“強勢模因”迅速形成和成功傳播內(nèi)在機制的理論空缺。在實踐方面,通過研究,希望能更好的理解媒體融合時代與信息爆炸背景下新興表達方式在媒體中迅速傳播與廣泛使用的原因,促進傳播學與語言文字的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, the new language expression patterns emerge in endlessly. Memetics provides a new theoretical framework for the study of the development and change of language. Memetics is the theory of genetic evolution in the Darwin evolution theory to explain the theory of cultural evolution. The model is proposed by Dawkins (1976), meaning "something imitated." Memetics holds that language itself is a meme. As a meme of language, new expressions are replicated as a meme of language. Ideas produced by new expressions have also been replicated and disseminate. Mass media and network media are complementary to the media and media integration. A large number of memes have become more and more short of time from generation to widespread use, and become strong memes through the extensive use and further dissemination of the media. These powerful memes are spreading rapidly and widely spread, and the wide range of influence has aroused widespread concern in the society.
Memetics is a new theory of pragmatics, the development process is relatively short. Foreign research on memetics until 1999, the theoretical framework established by Susan Blackmore was initially established in.2000 years later, Levinson, Millikan, Distin, Chilton, Johansson and other linguists have used memetics to explain the evolution of culture, thought and language. Because the theory of memetics was introduced into the country in 2002, he began to work on memetics, and he applied memetics to specific language phenomena in periodicals such as memetics and socio pragmatics > meme >. At present, the research of Memetics in China is limited to the internal memetics, types, and replicas in a particular register. The research and analysis of sowing process has not been perfected. The study of "strong meme" is only limited to the summary of its characteristics, and does not analyze the formation mechanism of its successful and widespread dissemination, and the overall framework of memetics has no further theoretical explanation on the formation of "strong memes". Without the characteristics of the media, we use the theory of adaptation and the whole process of meme producing replication to analyze the research precedent of "strong meme".
In this paper, the characteristics of the strong memes proposed by Dawkins (1976): fidelity, prolificacy and longevity are the criteria for the selection of language materials. A large number of strong memes in English media have been collected for qualitative analysis in recent years. In order to ensure the rationality and objectivity of the corpus, all the materials use the meme search engine memetracker. This paper attempts to search and test. This article attempts to analyze the corpus from the perspective of adaptation theory proposed by Verschueren (1987) and construct a comprehensive theoretical framework based on the characteristics of the media and the dynamic whole process of meme replication. And try to answer the following three research questions: 1. what are people in many similar expressions of meaning Do you choose a potential powerful meme to express and communicate? 2. how do mass media and Internet media promote the replication and dissemination of potential powerful memes? What is the formation mechanism of strong memes in the 3. media?
In this paper, three conclusions are drawn. Firstly, after the meme enters the memory of the host, the expression mode of the host communication is driven by adaptation. At different levels of consciousness, the host selection model is based on this language structure to conform to the contextual components, including the needs of the people's mental world, the social world and the physical world. The potential strong models stand out in the many expressions that have the same meaning and become the expression of the host choice. Secondly, the potential strong models expressed by the host are propagated through the media, and the advantages of the traditional media and network media promote the assimilation of more hosts. Finally, more hosts carry the potential powerful memes into the replicative transfer process, and continue to copy and transfer under the prompt and powerful media of a wide audience, and spread quickly to a larger audience, and eventually become a powerful meme.
This study has a certain theoretical and practical significance. In theory, this paper analyzes and points out the reasons and mechanisms of the successful transmission of strong memes, and fills the theoretical vacancy in the theory of memetics about the rapid formation and successful communication of "strong memes". In practice, through research, we hope to better understand the media melts. Under the background of the era and information explosion, the reasons for the rapid spread and widespread use of new expressions in the media have promoted the development of communication and language.

【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H030

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本文編號：1813510