【摘要】：淮南潘謝礦區(qū)大規(guī)模的煤炭開采,致使地表大面積沉陷,大范圍積水區(qū)的形成必然會(huì)導(dǎo)致沉陷區(qū)地表水與淺層地下水發(fā)生變化。研究采煤沉陷條件下淺層地下水變化規(guī)律及影響因素,探求地表水與淺層地下水之間水資源量的轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律,對(duì)于淮南礦區(qū)沉陷恢復(fù)治理,合理規(guī)劃利用水資源,具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文在深入調(diào)查淮南潘謝礦區(qū)地形地貌、水文地質(zhì)條件、地面沉陷歷史和現(xiàn)狀及積水區(qū)域范圍等基礎(chǔ)上,選擇封閉式和開放式兩種類型的沉陷區(qū)作為研究對(duì)象,同時(shí)將顧橋礦沉陷區(qū)作為水位監(jiān)測(cè)對(duì)照區(qū),對(duì)沉陷區(qū)地表水及淺層地下水進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究。 利用遙感資料,調(diào)查潘謝礦區(qū)沉陷區(qū)積水范圍情況,重點(diǎn)調(diào)查積水區(qū)域內(nèi)補(bǔ)給和排泄途徑,結(jié)合地面水文動(dòng)態(tài)資料和開采沉陷預(yù)測(cè)資料,確定沉陷區(qū)邊界及匯水面積。通過現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀測(cè)地表水和淺層地下水水位,開展土粒度和滲透性系數(shù)測(cè)試,得到降水量及蒸發(fā)量下沉陷區(qū)淺層地下水水位動(dòng)態(tài)變化特征。 在分析沉陷區(qū)地表水與淺層地下水水文地質(zhì)條件的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)兩種類型的沉陷區(qū)含水層進(jìn)行概化,建立基于“懸上河”模型的沉陷區(qū)水域與地下水之間的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并利用Visual MODFLOW軟件建立研究區(qū)地下水流模型,對(duì)含水層水文地質(zhì)參數(shù)進(jìn)行識(shí)別,得到各個(gè)時(shí)期淺層地下水流場(chǎng)。 依據(jù)識(shí)別后的水文地質(zhì)模型,編程計(jì)算近一年的沉陷區(qū)地表水與淺層地下水之間的水資源轉(zhuǎn)化量,得出封閉式沉陷區(qū)地下水補(bǔ)給地表水,補(bǔ)給量較小,豐水期降雨增多,越流量減小；開放式沉陷區(qū)的地表水與地下水之間呈現(xiàn)互補(bǔ)特征。
[Abstract]:The large-scale coal mining in Panxie mining area in Huainan leads to a large area of subsidence on the surface, and the formation of a large area of accumulated water will inevitably lead to the change of surface water and shallow groundwater in the subsidence area. It is of great practical significance to study the variation law and influencing factors of shallow groundwater under the condition of coal mining subsidence, and to explore the transformation law of water resources between surface water and shallow groundwater, which is of great practical significance for the restoration and treatment of subsidence and rational planning and utilization of water resources in Huainan mining area. On the basis of in-depth investigation of topography and geomorphology, hydrogeological conditions, history and present situation of surface subsidence and the scope of stagnant area, this paper selects closed and open subsidence area as the research object, and takes the subsidence area of Guqiao Mine as the water level monitoring control area, and makes a systematic study on the surface water and shallow groundwater in the subsidence area. Based on the remote sensing data, the water accumulation range in the subsidence area of Panxie mining area is investigated, and the recharge and drainage paths in the water accumulation area are investigated emphatically. combined with the surface hydrological dynamic data and the mining subsidence prediction data, the boundary of the subsidence area and the area of water sink are determined. Through the field observation of surface water and shallow groundwater level, the soil particle size and permeability coefficient are tested, and the dynamic variation characteristics of shallow groundwater level in subsidence area under precipitation and evaporation are obtained. On the basis of analyzing the hydrogeological conditions of surface water and shallow groundwater in subsidence area, the aquifer in two types of subsidence area is generalized, and the mathematical model between water area and groundwater in subsidence area based on "suspended River" model is established. The groundwater flow model in the study area is established by using Visual MODFLOW software, the hydrogeological parameters of aquifer are identified, and the shallow groundwater flow field in each period is obtained. According to the identified hydrogeological model, the transformation amount of water resources between surface water and shallow groundwater in subsidence area is calculated by programming, and it is concluded that the recharge of surface water in closed subsidence area is small, the rainfall increases and the flow rate decreases in high water period, and the surface water and groundwater in open subsidence area show complementary characteristics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P641;P339

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