發(fā)布時間：2019-05-24 05:29

【摘要】：三峽工程成功蓄水后,把上游大部分的水沙攔截在水庫內(nèi),導(dǎo)致下游河段來水來沙條件以及河床演變規(guī)律發(fā)生巨大變化。太平口水道是三峽工程下游第一個沙質(zhì)微彎分汊淺灘,受三峽工程的影響顯著,灘槽格局調(diào)整劇烈,航道條件極不穩(wěn)定,已成為長江干線航運(yùn)的“卡口”,影響長江干線整體的通過能力,阻礙區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。為使“黃江水道”發(fā)揮黃金效應(yīng),促進(jìn)長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶的發(fā)展,迫切需要對近期太平口水道進(jìn)行研究,開展航道治理工作,提高長江中游航道尺度,發(fā)揮長江航運(yùn)潛能。本文在大量實(shí)測資料分析基礎(chǔ)上,在新水沙條件下采用二維水沙數(shù)值模擬,對太平口水道的河床演變及礙航特性進(jìn)行研究,并提出經(jīng)濟(jì)、有效、合理的航道整治措施,為該水道后續(xù)的治理提供借鑒,主要研究成果:(1)對三峽蓄水后,新水沙條件下太平口水道河床的歷史演變、近期演進(jìn)行了分析,探索目前該河段的水沙變化、河床沖淤、航道條件的變化規(guī)律,以及重點(diǎn)礙航淺灘形成原因及其相互影響的關(guān)系。(2)本文選取陳家灣至玉和坪長約22km的河段作為模型河段,建立二維水沙模型,并對模型進(jìn)行定床和動床驗(yàn)證,利用模型對三峽蓄水后太平口水道的河床演變及航道格局發(fā)展趨勢進(jìn)行預(yù)測,得到太平口水道上段南槽航道條件始終優(yōu)于北槽且穩(wěn)定,北汊由于楊林磯邊灘下段繼續(xù)淤積右移而進(jìn)一步朝不利方向發(fā)展,并且南汊有進(jìn)一步發(fā)展趨勢。(3)根據(jù)已建、再建工程,提出延續(xù)“南槽—北汊”為思路的整治方案一,并論證方案一中兩種方案布置的可行性,另外,根據(jù)航道演變趨勢,提出更具針對性、突破性的,以“南槽—南汊”為目標(biāo)的治理方案二。(4)通過方案對比,得出方案一不僅工程量、投資大,耗費(fèi)人力、物力,而且航道整治效果滯后,整治效果維持時間有限。因此,建議選取更加經(jīng)濟(jì)、有效,符合目前該航道演變趨勢的方案二,作為該水道的后續(xù)治理方案。
[Abstract]:After the successful impoundment of the three Gorges Project, most of the water and sediment in the upper reaches are intercepted in the reservoir, which leads to great changes in the conditions of incoming water and sediment and the evolution of the riverbed in the downstream reach. Taipingkou waterway is the first sand micro-bend branch shoal in the lower reaches of the three Gorges Project. Affected by the three Gorges Project, the beach trough pattern is adjusted violently, and the channel conditions are very unstable. It has become the "blockage" of the Yangtze River main line shipping. Affect the overall capacity of the Yangtze River trunk line, hinder the coordinated development of regional economy. In order to make the "Huangjiang waterway" give full play to the golden effect and promote the development of the Yangtze River economic belt, it is urgent to study the Taiping Estuary waterway in the near future, carry out the waterway management work, improve the waterway scale in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and give full play to the shipping potential of the Yangtze River. Based on the analysis of a large number of measured data, this paper studies the river bed evolution and navigation hindrance characteristics of Taiping Estuary waterway by using two-dimensional numerical simulation of water and sediment under the condition of new water and sediment, and puts forward some economical, effective and reasonable measures for waterway regulation. To provide reference for the follow-up treatment of the waterway, the main research results are as follows: (1) the historical evolution of Taiping Estuary waterway riverbed under the new water and sediment conditions after the three Gorges impoundment is analyzed recently, and the current water and sediment changes and the scouring and silting of the riverbed are explored. The changing law of channel conditions, the causes of formation of key obstacle shoals and the relationship between them. (2) in this paper, the reach of Chen Jiawan to Yuheping long about 22km is selected as the model reach, and a two-dimensional water and sediment model is established. The model is verified by fixed bed and moving bed, and the river bed evolution and waterway pattern development trend of Taiping Estuary waterway after the three Gorges impoundment are predicted by using the model, and it is obtained that the channel conditions of the south channel in the upper section of Taipingkou waterway are always better than those in the north channel and stable. The north branch further develops in a disadvantageous direction as the lower section of Yanglinji beach continues to silting to the right, and the south branch has a further development trend. (3) according to the built and rebuilt project, the regulation scheme of continuing the "south channel-north branch" is put forward. The feasibility of the arrangement of the two schemes in scheme one is demonstrated. In addition, according to the trend of waterway evolution, a more targeted and breakthrough control scheme with the goal of "south trough-south branch" is put forward. (4) through the comparison of the schemes, It is concluded that the first scheme not only has the advantages of large project quantity, large investment, consuming manpower and material resources, but also lags behind in the effect of waterway regulation and the maintenance time of the regulation effect is limited. Therefore, it is suggested that scheme II, which is more economical, effective and in line with the current trend of waterway evolution, should be selected as the follow-up treatment scheme of the waterway.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U617

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