【摘要】：岜扒村作為黔東南地區(qū)典型傳統(tǒng)侗寨,具有傳統(tǒng)的水資源利用方式,體現(xiàn)出侗族特有的人與自然互為和諧的棲居圖景。然而,水井、堰塘、排水渠等傳統(tǒng)水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施及水環(huán)境格局如今卻面臨廢棄危機(jī)。那么,岜扒村傳統(tǒng)水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施如何換發(fā)青春,其中蘊(yùn)含的鄉(xiāng)土智慧如何得以傳承,是本研究要解決的問題。本文通過運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)研究、田野調(diào)查、歸納總結(jié)等方法,挖掘岜扒村傳統(tǒng)水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施中以物質(zhì)和非物質(zhì)要素呈現(xiàn)的鄉(xiāng)土智慧,針對當(dāng)前村寨給排水系統(tǒng)中存在的諸如水污染嚴(yán)重、不能滿足村民日常需求等問題,剖析傳統(tǒng)水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施面臨廢棄的關(guān)鍵原因是人口劇增導(dǎo)致水面積被侵占、道路建設(shè)導(dǎo)致水流動被中斷,流水自凈的能力逐漸瓦解等,加之水源不足及現(xiàn)代化工產(chǎn)品的進(jìn)入,傳統(tǒng)水流程已不能帶動水流進(jìn)行污水凈化。通過鄉(xiāng)土智慧的保留與價值評析及傳統(tǒng)水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施機(jī)制修復(fù)研究,總結(jié)出最大限度修復(fù)傳統(tǒng)水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施后所能達(dá)到的運(yùn)行效果,此時仍不能完全承載現(xiàn)有污水量時,適度引入現(xiàn)代生態(tài)技術(shù),最終得到一套可行的、適合傳統(tǒng)侗寨的水生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施規(guī)劃設(shè)計方法。主要研究結(jié)論:(1)傳統(tǒng)水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施蘊(yùn)含的鄉(xiāng)土智慧有保留價值,可從擴(kuò)展水面積、延長水流程、增加水深、植物與生物組合等方面進(jìn)行傳統(tǒng)水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施機(jī)制修復(fù);(2)最大限度修復(fù)傳統(tǒng)水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施后運(yùn)行效果不能達(dá)標(biāo),可通過融合現(xiàn)代生態(tài)技術(shù)予以傳承;(3)有助于類似侗寨水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施修復(fù),但依然面對著我國農(nóng)村水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施規(guī)劃相關(guān)規(guī)范、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的挑戰(zhàn)。但傳統(tǒng)機(jī)制的修復(fù)后的運(yùn)行效果仍需時間的驗(yàn)證,對于逐步改善當(dāng)前單一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量鄉(xiāng)村水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施規(guī)劃建設(shè)具有支撐作用。
[Abstract]:As a typical traditional Dong village in southeastern Guizhou, Baka Village has a traditional way of using water resources, which shows that the unique people and nature of Dong nationality live in harmony with each other. However, traditional water infrastructure and patterns of water environment, such as wells, Yantang, drainage channels, are now facing a crisis of abandonment. So, how to change the youth of traditional water infrastructure and how to inherit the local wisdom are the problems to be solved in this study. By using the methods of literature research, field investigation, induction and summary, this paper excavates the local wisdom presented by material and non-material elements in the traditional water infrastructure of Bapao village, aiming at the serious water pollution existing in the current village water supply and drainage system. Problems such as failure to meet the daily needs of villagers are analyzed. The key reasons for the abandonment of traditional water infrastructure are the encroachment of water area caused by a dramatic increase in population, the disruption of water flow due to road construction, and the gradual disintegration of the capacity of flowing water to self-purify, and so on. In addition, the shortage of water source and the entry of modern chemical products, the traditional water flow can not drive the water flow to clean up the sewage. Through the study on the preservation and value of local wisdom and the restoration of traditional water infrastructure mechanism, this paper sums up the operational effect that can be achieved by repairing the traditional water infrastructure to the maximum extent. At this time, it is still unable to fully carry the existing sewage water. Appropriate introduction of modern ecological technology, finally a set of feasible, suitable for the traditional Dong village water ecological infrastructure planning and design methods. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the local wisdom contained in the traditional water infrastructure has reserved value, which can be repaired by extending the water area, extending the water flow, increasing the water depth, combining plant and biology, etc. (2) after repairing the traditional water infrastructure to the maximum extent, the operation effect can not reach the standard, and it can be inherited through the integration of modern ecological technology; (3) it is helpful for the restoration of water infrastructure similar to Dong Zhai, but it is still facing the challenge of the related standards and norms of rural water infrastructure planning in China. However, it still needs time to verify the operation effect after the restoration of the traditional mechanism, which has a supporting role in improving the current single standard to measure the planning and construction of rural water infrastructure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU982.29;TV212

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