【摘要】：抽水蓄能機(jī)組具有削峰填谷、調(diào)頻調(diào)相等功能,對(duì)于電力系統(tǒng)的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行具有十分重要的作用。但抽水蓄能機(jī)組運(yùn)行工況多,工況轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)雜,因此對(duì)于其網(wǎng)機(jī)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性的分析十分重要。 本文建立計(jì)及AVR的響水澗抽水蓄能機(jī)組的單機(jī)-無(wú)窮大系統(tǒng)模型,對(duì)于典型小擾動(dòng)和大擾動(dòng)工況下的機(jī)組和系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)進(jìn)行仿真計(jì)算。自動(dòng)電壓調(diào)節(jié)器(AVR)可提高系統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)和暫態(tài)穩(wěn)定性,但同時(shí)會(huì)惡化系統(tǒng)阻尼,使系統(tǒng)發(fā)生低頻振蕩的可能性大大增加,為了改善這一問(wèn)題,目前最有效的措施之一是采用電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定器(PSS)�？紤]到以電功率信號(hào)為單輸入的傳統(tǒng)PSS在有功功率增減時(shí)存在嚴(yán)重的“無(wú)功反調(diào)”現(xiàn)象,對(duì)電力系統(tǒng)的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行產(chǎn)生不利影響。故采用以加速功率信號(hào)作為輸入、計(jì)及機(jī)械功率變化的加速功率型PSS,以抑制兩種運(yùn)行工況下及工況轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程中的“無(wú)功反調(diào)”問(wèn)題。 PSS參數(shù)對(duì)于其性能具有十分重要的影響,且抽水蓄能機(jī)組存在兩種運(yùn)行工況,比常規(guī)水力發(fā)電機(jī)組更為復(fù)雜,故研究PSS應(yīng)用于抽水蓄能機(jī)組時(shí)的參數(shù)整定方法十分必要。本文分別采用單點(diǎn)最優(yōu)法和兩點(diǎn)最優(yōu)法對(duì)相位補(bǔ)償環(huán)節(jié)參數(shù)進(jìn)行整定,并根據(jù)抽水蓄能機(jī)組的運(yùn)行特點(diǎn),在加速功率型PSS基礎(chǔ)上增加功率方向環(huán)節(jié),構(gòu)成功率方向性PSS,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)在兩種運(yùn)行工況下,PSS都可提供良好的正阻尼,抑制系統(tǒng)低頻振蕩。分別在兩種工況下,以及工況轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程中,對(duì)附加PSS前后的系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)進(jìn)行仿真對(duì)比,結(jié)果表明按該思路整定的PSS在抽水蓄能機(jī)組中可起到良好的相位補(bǔ)償效果,參數(shù)整定方法正確有效。 為對(duì)上述網(wǎng)機(jī)關(guān)系模型仿真結(jié)果的有效性進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,本文基于S函數(shù)建立單機(jī)-無(wú)窮大系統(tǒng)的場(chǎng)-路-網(wǎng)耦合時(shí)步有限元模型。該模型可以準(zhǔn)確計(jì)及磁場(chǎng)飽和、磁場(chǎng)畸變等非線性因素,提高系統(tǒng)仿真的精度。同時(shí),為分析勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)對(duì)于運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性的影響,在單機(jī)-無(wú)窮大系統(tǒng)模型的基礎(chǔ)上加入AVR和PSS模型。對(duì)典型小擾動(dòng)和大擾動(dòng)工況進(jìn)行仿真計(jì)算,研究分析機(jī)組和電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定性能以及勵(lì)磁調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)對(duì)其產(chǎn)生的影響,為大型同步電機(jī)網(wǎng)機(jī)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性的研究提供理論依據(jù)。 為了進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證所建網(wǎng)機(jī)模型的有效性和可行性,采用10KW6極反裝凸極電機(jī)作為模型機(jī),進(jìn)行空載三相短路試驗(yàn),實(shí)測(cè)波形和仿真結(jié)果吻合良好,說(shuō)明所建模型和計(jì)算方法有效可行。
[Abstract]:Pumped storage unit has the functions of peak cutting and valley filling, frequency modulation and phase adjustment, which plays an important role in the safe and stable operation of power system. However, the operation conditions of pumped-storage units are many and the conversion of operating conditions is complex, so it is very important to analyze the stability of the grid units. In this paper, the single-machine infinite bus system model of Xiangshuijian pumped storage unit considering AVR is established. The responses of units and systems under typical small disturbance and large disturbance conditions are simulated and calculated. The automatic voltage regulator (AVR) can improve the static and transient stability of the system, but at the same time it will worsen the damping of the system and increase the possibility of the low frequency oscillation. In order to improve this problem, One of the most effective measures is to use the power system stabilizer (PSS). It is considered that the traditional PSS with single input of electric power signal has a serious "reactive power inverse adjustment" phenomenon when the active power increases or decreases, which has a negative impact on the safe and stable operation of power system. Therefore, the accelerated power type PSS, which takes the acceleration power signal as the input and takes into account the mechanical power change, is adopted to suppress the "reactive power inverse adjustment" problem in the two operating conditions and in the process of transition. The parameters of PSS have a very important effect on its performance, and there are two operating conditions of pumped storage unit, which is more complex than that of conventional hydroelectric generating unit, so it is very necessary to study the parameter setting method of PSS applied to pumped storage unit. In this paper, single point optimal method and two point optimal method are used to adjust the parameters of phase compensation link, and according to the operating characteristics of pumped storage unit, power direction link is added to accelerate power type PSS to form power directional PSS,. Thus, PSS can provide good positive damping and suppress the low frequency oscillation of the system under two operating conditions. The system responses before and after the addition of PSS are simulated and compared under two different operating conditions, respectively. The results show that the PSS adjusted according to this idea can play a good phase compensation effect in the pumped-storage unit. The parameter tuning method is correct and effective. In order to verify the validity of the simulation results of the above net-machine relationship model, this paper establishes the field-circuit-network coupling time-step finite element model of single-machine infinite bus system based on S function. This model can accurately take into account the nonlinear factors such as magnetic field saturation and magnetic field distortion, and improve the accuracy of system simulation. At the same time, in order to analyze the effect of excitation system on operation stability, AVR and PSS models are added on the basis of single-machine infinite bus system model. The simulation calculation of typical small disturbance and large disturbance conditions is carried out, and the stability performance of unit and power network and the influence of excitation regulation system on it are studied and analyzed, which provides a theoretical basis for the study of the operation stability of large synchronous motor grid machines. In order to further verify the validity and feasibility of the model, the 10KW6 pole reverse mounted salient pole motor is used as the model machine, and the no-load three-phase short circuit test is carried out. The measured waveform is in good agreement with the simulation results. The model and calculation method are proved to be effective and feasible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV743;TV736

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