【摘要】：水工金屬結(jié)構(gòu)是水利水電工程中重要的組成部分，相關(guān)部件的腐蝕或則磨損會嚴(yán)重的影響水利水電工程的安全，因腐蝕和磨損造成金屬部件的頻繁更換維修和水利機(jī)械部件的效率下降對水利工程的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益也有非常嚴(yán)重的影響。碳化鉻陶瓷具有高硬度、優(yōu)良的耐磨損性和耐腐蝕性，是目前備受關(guān)注的耐磨防腐涂層。粉末埋入反應(yīng)輔助涂層（PIRAC）能實現(xiàn)低成本在復(fù)雜形狀部件表面制備結(jié)合良好的涂層。 本文首先采用熱力學(xué)分析，確定了PIRAC法制備碳化鉻涂層的反應(yīng)粉體、溫度范圍，以及外層容器的包埋粉體；研究了在T/P24鋼材基體，不同工藝參數(shù)制備碳化鉻涂層的微觀形貌、物相、氧化行為，確定了最佳制備條件；對比研究了T/P24鋼材和Q235鋼材2種基體對制備出的涂層微觀形貌、物相、硬度、及摩擦行為的影響。主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下： 1.通過熱力學(xué)分析研究了合適的反應(yīng)粉體、外層包埋粉體和反應(yīng)溫度范圍。得出：適合的反應(yīng)粉體為鉻粉，外層包埋的粉體為鈦粉，制備溫度范圍為：800oC-1050oC。 2.研究了不同的處理溫度和處理時間在T/P24鋼材基體表面制備的碳化鉻涂層的異同。實驗表明在T/P24鋼材表面能夠制備出均勻致密的碳化鉻涂層；反應(yīng)溫度和時間不同，涂層的形貌和物相不同；較低的溫度和較短的時間下，涂層中包含Cr23C6，Cr7C3和Cr3C2三種物相，并且溫度越低Cr7C3和Cr3C2的含量也越高，然而在較高的溫度或則較長的時間條件下，涂層基本上只含有Cr23C6一種物相。 3.通過氧化實驗比較了不同制備溫度和不同的處理時間下碳化鉻涂層的抗氧化性能。確定最佳的制備工藝為900oC下處理4h。 4.研究了T/P24和Q235兩種基體對制備的碳化鉻涂層組成、形貌和硬度的影響。結(jié)果表明：2種基體表面的涂層組成無明顯差異，900oC制備的涂層則基本為單一的Cr23C6；涂層形貌有明顯差異，Q235表面制備的涂層較為粗糙，呈均勻的微細(xì)顆粒狀，含有微小孔洞，而T/P24表面制備的涂層光滑平整；涂層硬度不同，Q235表面制備的碳化鉻涂層的硬度均高于T/P24表面制備的碳化鉻涂層的硬度。 5.研究了兩種基體表面制得的涂層的摩擦行為。實驗表明：2種基體表面的碳化鉻涂層摩擦行為有所不同：Q235表面制備的碳化鉻涂層摩擦系數(shù)比T/P24表面的碳化鉻涂層摩擦系數(shù)低，Q235表面的碳化鉻涂層耐磨性能相對較高。
[Abstract]:The hydraulic structure of the hydraulic structure is an important part of the water conservancy and hydropower project, and the corrosion of the related components or the wear can seriously affect the safety of the water conservancy and hydropower project. The frequent replacement and maintenance of the metal parts due to corrosion and wear and the efficiency of the water conservancy machinery part have a very serious effect on the economic benefit of the water conservancy project. The chromium carbide ceramic has high hardness, excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and is a wear-resistant and anti-corrosion coating which is currently being paid attention to. The powder-embedded reaction-assisted coating (PIRAC) enables low-cost preparation of a well-bonded coating on the surface of a complex-shaped component. In this paper, the thermodynamic analysis is used to determine the reaction powder, the temperature range and the embedding powder of the carbon-carbide coating prepared by the PIRAC method. The microstructure, phase and oxidation of the chromium-free coatings on the T/ P24 steel matrix and different process parameters are studied. In this paper, the best preparation conditions were determined. The microstructure, phase, hardness and friction behavior of two kinds of matrix of T/ P24 steel and Q235 steel were compared. in response to that main study and results such as The appropriate reaction powder, the outer layer of embedded powder and the reaction temperature were studied by the thermodynamic analysis. The suitable reaction powder is chromium powder, and the outer layer is embedded with titanium powder, and the preparation temperature range is 800oC-105. 0oC. 2. Study on the different treatment temperature and the treatment time of chromium carbide prepared on the surface of T/ P24 steel substrate The results show that the uniform and dense chromium carbide coating can be prepared on the surface of T/ P24 steel. The temperature and time of the reaction are different. The appearance and phase of the coating are different. The coating contains Cr23C6, Cr7C3 and Cr3C at lower temperature and shorter time. The higher the content of the three species, and the lower the temperature, the lower the Cr7C3 and Cr3C2, however, the coating essentially only contains Cr23C at a higher temperature or at a longer time. 6 An object phase. 3. The chromium carbide coating at different preparation temperatures and different treatment times was compared by the oxidation experiment. the anti-oxidation performance of the layer is determined, and the optimal preparation process is 900. The composition of chromium carbide coatings prepared by T/ P24 and Q235 substrates was studied at oC. The results show that there is no significant difference in the coating composition of the surface of the two substrates. The coating on the surface of 900oC is basically a single Cr23C6; the morphology of the coating is obviously different. The coating prepared on the surface of the Q235 is rough and has a uniform fine grain shape, which contains tiny holes, and the surface of the T/ P24 The prepared coating is smooth and flat; the hardness of the coating is different, and the hardness of the chromium carbide coating prepared on the surface of the Q235 is higher than that of the T/ P24 surface The hardness of the chromium carbide coating was 5. Two basic body surfaces were studied. The experimental results show that the friction behavior of the chromium carbide coating on the surface of the two substrates is different: the friction coefficient of the chromium carbide coating prepared on the surface of the Q235 is lower than that of the chromium carbide coating on the surface of the T/ P24, and the carbonization of the surface of the Q235
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV34

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本文編號：2426386