發(fā)布時間：2018-12-24 11:56

【摘要】：昌化江三角洲前緣發(fā)育有一條條不完全相連的沙壩和沙嘴，走勢基本與岸線平行，符合浪控三角洲的發(fā)育特征；但其沙壩只在河口與河口南岸發(fā)育，并向西南方向延伸至北黎灣灣口北側(cè)，河口北岸則為基巖海岸，少有沙壩發(fā)育，顯示出三角洲發(fā)育的不對稱性。河口周圍海域表層懸浮泥沙分布與運移是泥沙運動的具體反映，對三角洲的形成和發(fā)育具有重要作用。 本文通過對昌化江河口及鄰近海域12個站位的水體懸浮泥沙數(shù)據(jù)、水體光譜數(shù)據(jù)的采集、處理和分析，，結(jié)合經(jīng)過預處理的7個時景的遙感影像資料，依據(jù)定量遙感反演原理在SPSS平臺下完成回歸分析，得到適用于昌化江河口及鄰近海域的懸浮泥沙定量反演公式，并對其進行精度檢驗。在ArcGIS10.0平臺下代入該公式完成1995年~2013年7個時相遙感影像的反演，輸出懸沙濃度分布圖并進行分析與討論。 取得的成果和結(jié)論： 1、得到適用于昌化江河口及鄰近海域的懸浮泥沙反演公式： S=0.005+0.197X_r+0.237X_r~2 同時發(fā)現(xiàn)TM和GF-1WFV3數(shù)據(jù)的第四波段（0.77~0.89μm）范圍內(nèi)的水體反射率對懸浮泥沙度變化更為敏感，反演效果更好，適用于本區(qū)反演公式的建立，彌補了研究區(qū)河口水色遙感反演研究的空白。 2、昌化江攜帶入海的大部分泥沙會沿海岸向河口南側(cè)運移，部分進入北黎灣灣口內(nèi)，造成河口南岸海域、北黎灣北側(cè)灣口等海域水體懸沙濃度較高，其他海域懸沙濃度較低，這種泥沙運移模式主要受到波浪和沿岸流共同作用的影響。 3、昌化江河口懸沙濃度較高的區(qū)域發(fā)育有不對稱的浪控三角洲的沙壩和沙嘴，河口泥沙的運移模式控制了浪控三角洲南偏的不對稱發(fā)育，也可能促進了特殊條狀沉積的形成。 4、ENVI軟件平臺下的FLAASH模塊完成遙感影像大氣校正后輸出的結(jié)果是地表真實反射率乘以10000的值，通過ENVI的波段計算工具難以實現(xiàn)影像的反演，需要通過ArcGIS10.0平臺下的柵格計算器功能來完成，并將數(shù)據(jù)保存為浮點型的Grid格式。
[Abstract]:The front edge of Changhua River Delta has a bar and sand mouth which is not completely connected, and the trend is basically parallel to the shoreline, which accords with the development characteristics of the wave-controlled delta. However, the sandbar is only developed in the estuary and the south bank of the estuary, and extends southwestward to the north side of the mouth of the North Liwan Bay, while the north shore of the estuary is the bedrock coast, and few sandbars develop, showing the asymmetry of delta development. The surface suspended sediment distribution and transport around the estuary is a concrete reflection of sediment movement and plays an important role in the formation and development of the delta. Based on the collection, processing and analysis of the suspended sediment data and spectral data of 12 stations in the estuary of Changhua River and its adjacent sea area, the remote sensing images of 7 time scenes have been pretreated. Based on the principle of quantitative remote sensing inversion, the regression analysis was completed on the SPSS platform, and the quantitative inversion formula of suspended sediment suitable for the estuary of Changhua River and its adjacent sea area was obtained, and the accuracy of the formula was tested. The inversion of seven temporal remote sensing images from 1995 to 2013 is completed by using this formula on the ArcGIS10.0 platform. The suspended sediment concentration distribution map is output and analyzed and discussed. Results and conclusions achieved: 1 The inversion formula of suspended sediment suitable for Changhua River Estuary and its adjacent sea area is obtained: S0. 005 0.197X_r 0.237X_r~2 is used to find the inversion of water body in the fourth band (0. 77 0. 89 渭 m) of TM and GF-1WFV3 data at the same time. The emissivity is more sensitive to the variation of suspended sediment. The inversion effect is better, which is suitable for the establishment of inversion formula in this area, which makes up the gap of remote sensing inversion of estuarine water color in the study area. (2) most of the sediment carried into the sea by the Changhua River will move along the coast to the south of the estuary, and partly into the mouth of the North Liwan Bay, resulting in higher suspended sediment concentrations in the waters along the south coast of the estuary, the northern mouth of the North Li Bay, and the lower concentration of suspended sediment in other sea areas. The sediment transport model is mainly affected by the interaction of waves and coastal currents. 3. In the region with high suspended sediment concentration in the estuary of Changhua River, there are asymmetrical bars and sandbars of the wave controlled delta. The sediment transport model of the estuary controls the asymmetrical development of the south side of the delta, and may also promote the formation of special stripe deposits. The result of atmospheric correction of remote sensing image by FLAASH module based on FLAASH software platform is that the true reflectivity of the surface is multiplied by 10000, and it is difficult to realize the inversion of the image by using the band calculation tool of ENVI. It needs to be completed by grid calculator function under ArcGIS10.0 platform, and save the data to floating point Grid format.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學（北京）
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV148

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