【摘要】：水力發(fā)電機(jī)組振動(dòng)是影響水電站運(yùn)行安全的重要因素,其振動(dòng)特性是機(jī)組結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、控制設(shè)計(jì)、以及水電站廠房結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的重要基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。對(duì)水電站廠房和水力發(fā)電機(jī)組的振源進(jìn)行分析,提取水力機(jī)組軸系振動(dòng)參數(shù)的振蕩特性,進(jìn)而分析機(jī)組和廠房結(jié)構(gòu)耦合的相關(guān)關(guān)系,為機(jī)組和廠房結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)和振動(dòng)控制提供理論指導(dǎo)和技術(shù)依據(jù),具有一定的科學(xué)價(jià)值和工程意義。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容如下： (1)建立水力發(fā)電機(jī)組軸系振動(dòng)特性所需的系統(tǒng)模型。模型的主要構(gòu)成有：彈性水擊單機(jī)單管水力系統(tǒng)模型和IEEE Working Group系列模型演化得到的五階水輪機(jī)模型、單機(jī)無窮大系統(tǒng)三階發(fā)電機(jī)模型、水力發(fā)電機(jī)組軸系振動(dòng)暫態(tài)模型、典型的PID調(diào)速器控制系統(tǒng)模型和PI勵(lì)磁控制器模型。 (2)對(duì)本文采用振蕩特性提取方法——Prony算法進(jìn)行簡單介紹,并驗(yàn)證該方法的適用性。 (3)對(duì)水力、機(jī)械和電氣原因引起水力發(fā)電機(jī)組軸系振動(dòng)的情況進(jìn)行簡要描述。重點(diǎn)分析了水力因素對(duì)水力發(fā)電機(jī)組軸系振動(dòng)的影響,并采用Prony方法提取軸系振動(dòng)特性,進(jìn)而分析水力因素中壓力脈動(dòng)不同幅值和頻率對(duì)水力發(fā)電機(jī)組軸系振動(dòng)的影響。 (4)研究水力發(fā)電機(jī)組軸系中的發(fā)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子導(dǎo)軸承剛度和阻尼系數(shù)、水輪機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)輪水導(dǎo)軸承剛度和阻尼系數(shù)對(duì)水力發(fā)電機(jī)組軸系振動(dòng)的影響。 (5)通過比較計(jì)算和仿真結(jié)果,分析水力機(jī)組振動(dòng)與水電站廠房振動(dòng)之間的關(guān)系,探討水力發(fā)電機(jī)組軸系振動(dòng)對(duì)水電站廠房的影響,為以后的水電站廠房、水輪發(fā)電機(jī)組的抗振設(shè)計(jì)提供有益的參考。
[Abstract]:The vibration of hydroelectric generating units is an important factor affecting the operation safety of hydropower stations. Its vibration characteristics are the important basic data of unit structure design, control design, and optimization design of hydropower plant structure. The vibration source of hydropower plant and hydroelectric generating unit is analyzed, and the oscillation characteristics of shafting vibration parameters of hydraulic unit are extracted, and the correlation relationship between unit and powerhouse structure coupling is analyzed. It is of scientific value and engineering significance to provide theoretical guidance and technical basis for optimal design and vibration control of unit and powerhouse structure. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the system model of shafting vibration characteristic of hydrogenerator unit is established. The main components of the model are as follows: the model of single pipe hydraulic system of elastic water hammer and the model of IEEE Working Group series, the model of three-order generator of single machine infinite bus system, the transient model of shafting vibration of hydrogenerator unit. Typical PID governor control system model and PI excitation controller model. (2) the Prony algorithm, which is used to extract the oscillation characteristics, is introduced in this paper, and the applicability of the method is verified. (3) briefly describe the vibration of shafting caused by hydraulic, mechanical and electrical reasons. The influence of hydraulic factors on shafting vibration of hydroelectric generating units is analyzed emphatically, and the vibration characteristics of shafting are extracted by Prony method, and the influence of different amplitude and frequency of pressure pulsation on shafting vibration of hydroelectricity generating units is analyzed. (4) the influence of the stiffness and damping coefficient of generator rotor guide bearing and the hydraulic turbine runner bearing stiffness and damping coefficient on the shaft system vibration of hydrogenerator unit is studied. (5) by comparing the results of calculation and simulation, the relationship between the vibration of hydraulic unit and the vibration of hydropower plant is analyzed, and the influence of shafting vibration of hydropower unit on the power house of hydropower station is discussed. The anti-vibration design of hydrogenerator provides a useful reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV734

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