【摘要】：滇池流域是云南省政治、經(jīng)濟、文化、社會建設(shè)中心,是全省經(jīng)濟最發(fā)達、人口最集中、城市化水平最高的區(qū)域,是昆明的“母親湖”,也是昆明生存和發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)。隨著城市化進程的加快,生活污水及工業(yè)廢水的大量排放,滇池流域的生態(tài)環(huán)境不斷惡化,水環(huán)境治理刻不容緩。 根據(jù)《滇池流域水環(huán)境綜合治理總體方案》,開展了環(huán)湖截污和交通工程、外流域調(diào)水及節(jié)水工程、入湖河道整治工程、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村面源治理工程、生態(tài)修復(fù)與建設(shè)工程、生態(tài)清淤工程六大工程體系。本論文依托水利部公益項目：高原盆地城市水源地保護和恢復(fù)技術(shù)研究(編號：201101042),以滇池流域為研究對象,深入分析了滇池流域目前面臨的主要問題,滇池流域水污染現(xiàn)狀。結(jié)合滇池流域綜合整治工程,分析了入滇河道整治工程對滇池的水質(zhì)影響。對牛欄江—滇池補水工程、環(huán)湖濕地建設(shè)對滇池水質(zhì)改善做了預(yù)測分析。同時,針對滇池流域現(xiàn)狀,提出了滇池流域綜合整治的一些對策。 研究結(jié)果表明,滇池流域水環(huán)境污染十分嚴重,開展入滇河道綜合整治,河道污染物指標顯著下降,有效的削減了進入滇池水體的污染物,改善了滇池水體水質(zhì)。為使2020水平年滇池水質(zhì)基本滿足其規(guī)劃水質(zhì)目標要求,滇池所需環(huán)境補水量約6億m3/年。實施生態(tài)補水可增加滇池水環(huán)境容量,縮短湖泊水體交換周期,牛欄江—滇池補水工程與其他措施相配合,可快速改善滇池水環(huán)境,促進區(qū)域可持續(xù)發(fā)展,是滇池治理的有效措施。滇池湖濱帶濕地與生態(tài)林的建設(shè)與恢復(fù),構(gòu)建天然湖濱生態(tài)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu),形成從陸生到水生逐步過渡的完整的湖濱生態(tài)帶,對河道污水、農(nóng)業(yè)面源污水所攜帶的污染物有顯著的去除作用。 本文研究結(jié)果以期為后續(xù)治理滇池提供研究基礎(chǔ)、科技支撐以及決策依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Dianchi Lake Basin is the political, economic, cultural and social construction center of Yunnan Province. It is the region with the most developed economy, the most concentrated population and the highest level of urbanization in Yunnan Province. It is the "Mother Lake" of Kunming and the basis for the survival and development of Kunming. With the acceleration of urbanization and the discharge of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater, the ecological environment of Dianchi Lake Basin is deteriorating and the water environment treatment is urgent. According to the overall plan for comprehensive control of water environment in Dianchi Lake Basin, the project of intercepting pollution and traffic around the lake, transferring water and saving water in the outer basin, renovating the river course into the lake, harnessing the agricultural rural non-point source, ecological restoration and construction are carried out. Six major engineering systems of ecological desilting project. Based on the public welfare project of Ministry of Water Resources: research on the protection and restoration technology of urban water sources in plateau basin (No. 201101042), this paper takes Dianchi Basin as the research object, and analyzes the main problems faced by Dianchi Lake Basin at present. Present situation of Water pollution in Dianchi Lake Basin. Based on the comprehensive regulation project of Dianchi Lake basin, the influence of river regulation engineering into Yunnan on the water quality of Dianchi Lake is analyzed. The water quality improvement of Dianchi Lake is predicted by the Niulanjiang-Dianchi Lake water supply project and the wetland construction around the lake. At the same time, according to the present situation of Dianchi Lake Basin, some countermeasures for comprehensive regulation of Dianchi Lake Basin are put forward. The results show that the pollution of water environment in Dianchi Lake basin is very serious, and the comprehensive regulation of the river course into Yunnan is carried out, and the pollutant index of the river channel decreases significantly, which effectively reduces the pollutants entering into the water body of Dianchi Lake and improves the water quality of Dianchi Lake. In order to make the water quality of Dianchi Lake in 2020 level basically meet the water quality target of Dianchi Lake, the environmental recharge capacity of Dianchi Lake is about 600 million m3 / year. The implementation of ecological water supplementation can increase the water environment capacity of Dianchi Lake, shorten the period of lake water exchange, and coordinate with other measures to improve the water environment of Dianchi Lake and promote the sustainable development of the region. It is an effective measure to control Dianchi Lake. The construction and restoration of wetland and ecological forest in Dianchi Lake lakeshore zone, the construction of natural lakeside ecosystem structure, the formation of a complete lakeside ecological zone from terrestrial to aquatic life, and the formation of river sewage. The pollutants carried by agricultural non-point source sewage have significant removal effect. The results of this paper are expected to provide research basis, scientific and technological support and decision-making basis for the subsequent management of Dianchi Lake.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X524;TV882

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