【摘要】：廣西地處我國(guó)南部低緯度地帶,地質(zhì)構(gòu)造復(fù)雜,年降雨量豐富,山洪災(zāi)害發(fā)生頻繁,是我國(guó)山洪災(zāi)害多發(fā)區(qū)中較嚴(yán)重的省份。而對(duì)廣西山洪災(zāi)害較嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)建立有效的山洪災(zāi)害預(yù)警預(yù)報(bào)方法是山洪災(zāi)害防治的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。 本研究以廣西壯族自治區(qū)桂林市恭城縣恭城河恭城水文站控制的流域范圍為研究對(duì)象,收集流域內(nèi)5個(gè)雨量站降雨資料和恭城站的降雨徑流資料,分析恭城河流域的降雨和徑流特性；收集整理恭城河流域部分山洪災(zāi)害場(chǎng)次的各時(shí)段暴雨特征值,分析流域內(nèi)山洪災(zāi)害的成因及特征,計(jì)算恭城流域單站和區(qū)域面臨界雨量,作為無(wú)洪水預(yù)報(bào)模型方案下洪水預(yù)警指標(biāo),并分析比較兩種臨界雨量計(jì)算方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。 對(duì)于山洪預(yù)報(bào)模型的構(gòu)建,本研究基于恭城河流域DEM數(shù)字高程模型和地理信息系統(tǒng)平臺(tái),提取流域的水網(wǎng)和子流域等數(shù)字流域信息,收集流域內(nèi)的土地利用類型和土壤類型等信息,構(gòu)建兩種HEC-HMS水文模型方案——方案一：初損后損法、Snyder單位線法、退水曲線法、馬斯京根法；方案二：SCS曲線法、SCS單位線法、退水曲線法、馬斯京根法。應(yīng)用上述兩套方案分別對(duì)恭城河流域的15場(chǎng)率定期洪水和4場(chǎng)驗(yàn)證期洪水的降雨-徑流過(guò)程進(jìn)行模擬。模擬結(jié)果表明,無(wú)論在洪峰流量精度、徑流深精度、峰現(xiàn)時(shí)差和確定性系數(shù)上,方案一都略優(yōu)于方案二。兩種方案都滿足《水情預(yù)報(bào)規(guī)范》的要求,表明HEC-HMS水文模型適用于恭城河流域的山洪災(zāi)害預(yù)報(bào),可應(yīng)用于實(shí)際的山洪災(zāi)害預(yù)報(bào)工作。最后,本次研究總結(jié)分析了影響恭城河流域山洪預(yù)報(bào)精度的原因,提出今后進(jìn)一步深入研究的思路和想法。
[Abstract]:Guangxi is located in the low latitudes of southern China, with complicated geological structure, abundant annual rainfall and frequent mountain torrents. Guangxi is one of the most serious provinces in China. It is an important and difficult point to establish an effective method for early warning and forecasting of mountain torrents in the areas with serious mountain torrents in Guangxi. In this study, the watershed range controlled by Gongcheng River Hydrologic Station in Gongcheng County, Guilin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region was taken as the research object, and rainfall data of 5 rainfall stations and rainfall runoff data of Gongcheng Station were collected. The characteristics of rainfall and runoff in Gongcheng River Basin are analyzed. Collect and sort out the rainstorm characteristic values of some mountain torrents in Gongcheng River Basin, analyze the causes and characteristics of mountain torrents in the basin, calculate the rainfall of the single station and the region in Gongcheng River Basin, and analyze the characteristics of the torrential disasters in the river basin. As an index of flood warning under the scheme of no-flood forecasting model, the advantages and disadvantages of two critical rainfall calculation methods are analyzed and compared. For the construction of mountain flood forecasting model, based on the DEM digital elevation model and GIS platform of Gongcheng River Basin, the digital watershed information such as water network and sub-watershed are extracted. Based on the information of land use type and soil type in watershed, two kinds of HEC-HMS hydrological model schemes were constructed: first, initial loss method, Snyder unit line method, regression curve method, Masking root method; Scheme two: SCS curve method, SCS unit line method, water receding curve method, Muskinggen method. The two schemes mentioned above are used to simulate the rainfall runoff process of 15 periodic floods and 4 validation floods in the Gongcheng River basin. The simulation results show that the first scheme is slightly better than the second scheme in terms of Hong Feng discharge accuracy, runoff depth accuracy, peak time difference and deterministic coefficient. Both schemes meet the requirements of the Water regime Forecast Code, which indicates that the HEC-HMS hydrological model is suitable for the mountain flood disaster prediction in the Gongcheng River Basin and can be applied to the actual mountain flood disaster forecasting work. Finally, this study summarizes and analyzes the reasons that affect the accuracy of mountain flood forecasting in the Gongcheng River Basin, and puts forward some thoughts and ideas for further research in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P338

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張建軍;納磊;張波;;HEC-HMS分布式水文模型在黃土高原小流域的可應(yīng)用性[J];北京林業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2009年03期

2 徐宗學(xué);;水文模型:回顧與展望[J];北京師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2010年03期

3 劉志雨;楊大文;胡健偉;;基于動(dòng)態(tài)臨界雨量的中小河流山洪預(yù)警方法及其應(yīng)用[J];北京師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2010年03期

4 王中根,劉昌明,左其亭,劉青娥;基于DEM的分布式水文模型構(gòu)建方法[J];地理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2002年05期

5 夏軍,王綱勝,呂愛(ài)鋒,談戈;分布式時(shí)變?cè)鲆媪饔蛩h(huán)模擬[J];地理學(xué)報(bào);2003年05期

6 袁飛,任立良;柵格型水文模型及其應(yīng)用[J];河海大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2004年05期

7 陳芬;林峰;陳興偉;;采用分布式HEC-HMS水文模型的晉江流域暴雨次洪模擬[J];華僑大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2012年03期

8 陳桂亞;袁雅鳴;;山洪災(zāi)害臨界雨量分析計(jì)算方法研究[J];人民長(zhǎng)江;2005年12期

9 李燕;陳孝田;朱朝霞;;HEC-HMS在洪水預(yù)報(bào)中的應(yīng)用研究[J];人民黃河;2008年04期

10 趙彥增;孔凡哲;朱朝霞;;HEC-HMS及其在官寨流域的應(yīng)用[J];人民黃河;2008年08期

，

本文編號(hào)：2371938