【摘要】：水是生命之源、生產(chǎn)之要、生態(tài)之基。黨的“十八大”明確提出推進(jìn)生態(tài)文明,建設(shè)美麗中國,實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族永續(xù)發(fā)展。吉林省西部地區(qū)河湖連通工程規(guī)劃是根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的需要,結(jié)合地形特征及水資源條件編制的開發(fā)利用雨洪資源和防治水害的總體規(guī)劃。根據(jù)河湖連通項(xiàng)目規(guī)劃的特點(diǎn),結(jié)合所在區(qū)域的水環(huán)境特征,本文主要以區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境、地表水、地下水、水資源、水文情勢等進(jìn)行水環(huán)境影響分析。按照國家現(xiàn)行有關(guān)法律法規(guī)的規(guī)定,在對松原市、白城市以及農(nóng)安縣規(guī)劃區(qū)域水環(huán)境調(diào)查分析基礎(chǔ)上,以現(xiàn)狀和零方案分析為背景,通過單項(xiàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)指數(shù)法和完全混合模型評(píng)價(jià)地表水水質(zhì)情況,通過對地下水動(dòng)態(tài)變化分析,采用地下水?dāng)?shù)值模擬技術(shù),建立地下水?dāng)?shù)學(xué)模型,通過GMS軟件進(jìn)行求解,預(yù)測項(xiàng)目實(shí)施前后地下水水位的變化,對比得出本項(xiàng)目對于區(qū)域地下水環(huán)境的影響。評(píng)判河湖連通工程規(guī)劃的協(xié)調(diào)性及環(huán)境制約性因素、環(huán)境合理性,客觀評(píng)判規(guī)劃實(shí)施對區(qū)域水環(huán)境的總體效益和可能存在的不利影響,重點(diǎn)關(guān)注敏感與限制因素,提出建議。結(jié)果表明西部河湖連通工程規(guī)劃在帶來巨大生態(tài)效益的同時(shí),也將對引水口下游水文情勢、水質(zhì)和水生態(tài)產(chǎn)生一定不利影響,而且存在加重規(guī)劃區(qū)局部地區(qū)次生鹽漬化的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。引水后各控制斷面流量、水位均有所下降,但下降幅度較小,影響可以接受。規(guī)劃工程引水使得下游水資源量略有減少,對取水口下游河段水質(zhì)有輕微不利影響,但基本不會(huì)改變水質(zhì)類別。規(guī)劃工程運(yùn)行引蓄洪水資源引起引水口下游水文情勢變化可能對魚類產(chǎn)卵及魚卵孵化形成一定影響。引水渠道和受水泡沼部分水量滲漏補(bǔ)給地下水,使泡沼周圍地下水位抬升,加劇鹽分向地表遷移,在局部地區(qū)存在次生鹽漬化的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。各規(guī)劃工程在施工期也將對生態(tài)環(huán)境帶來一些不利影響,但這種影響是暫時(shí)和有限的,在施工結(jié)束后影響隨之消失。通過對西部河湖連通工程規(guī)劃的水環(huán)境影響分析,從水環(huán)境角度總體評(píng)價(jià)合理可行。
[Abstract]:Water is the source of life, production, ecological basis. The 18th National Congress of the Party clearly proposed to promote ecological civilization, build a beautiful China, and realize the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. According to the needs of economic and social development, the planning of river and lake connectivity project in western Jilin Province is a general plan for the development and utilization of rain and flood resources and the prevention and control of water hazards according to the characteristics of topography and water resources. According to the characteristics of river and lake connection project planning and the characteristics of water environment in the region, this paper analyzes the water environment impact mainly on the regional ecological environment, surface water, groundwater, water resources, hydrological situation and so on. In accordance with the relevant national laws and regulations, and on the basis of the investigation and analysis of the water environment in the planning areas of Songyuan, Baicheng and Nong'an counties, the background is the present situation and the zero-plan analysis. The surface water quality is evaluated by single standard index method and complete mixed model. By analyzing the dynamic change of groundwater, adopting the technique of numerical simulation of groundwater, the mathematical model of groundwater is established and solved by GMS software. The change of groundwater level before and after the implementation of the project is predicted, and the effects of the project on the regional groundwater environment are compared. This paper evaluates the coordination and environmental constraints of the river and lake connection engineering planning, environmental rationality, the objective evaluation of the overall benefits and possible adverse effects of the implementation of the planning on the regional water environment, focuses on the sensitive and restrictive factors, and puts forward some suggestions. The results show that the planning of the western river and lake connection project will bring huge ecological benefits, but also will have some adverse effects on the hydrological situation, water quality and water ecology of the lower reaches of the diversion, and there is a risk of aggravating the secondary salinization in some areas of the planning area. After water diversion, the discharge and water level of each controlled section are all decreased, but the extent of decrease is relatively small, so the influence is acceptable. The amount of water resources in the lower reaches is slightly reduced by the project diversion, which has a slight adverse effect on the water quality of the lower reaches of the water intake, but basically will not change the water quality category. The change of the hydrological situation in the downstream of the diversion channel caused by the flood diversion water resources in the planning project may affect the spawning and hatching of fish eggs to some extent. Groundwater is recharged by leakage of water diversion channel and part of water in blistering marsh, which elevates groundwater level around bubble marsh, intensifies salt migration to the surface, and risks secondary salinization in local area. Each planning project will also bring some adverse effects on the ecological environment during the construction period, but this impact is temporary and limited, and the impact will disappear after the construction. Through the analysis of the water environment impact of the western river and lake connection project planning, the overall evaluation is reasonable and feasible from the point of view of the water environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北水利水電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TV213.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 李立軍;王延亮;胡婧敏;馬力;趙彥寧;陳初雨;王懷遠(yuǎn);宇慶華;孫春;;GMS在地下水環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)中的應(yīng)用[J];吉林地質(zhì);2014年04期

2 張力春;孫香泰;;敖頭水庫庫尾石河村浸沒影響預(yù)測及評(píng)價(jià)[J];黑龍江水利科技;2012年10期

3 李宗禮;郝秀平;王中根;劉曉潔;李浩;;河湖水系連通分類體系探討[J];自然資源學(xué)報(bào);2011年11期

4 陳雷;;關(guān)于幾個(gè)重大水利問題的思考——在全國水利規(guī)劃計(jì)劃工作會(huì)議上的講話[J];中國水利;2010年04期

5 曲德雙;東迎欣;徐廣軍;;尼爾基灌區(qū)開發(fā)對土壤鹽漬化的影響預(yù)測[J];黑龍江水利科技;2007年06期

6 孫曉梅;曲延光;;莫莫格濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境需水量研究[J];東北水利水電;2007年01期

7 崔亞莉,邵景力,韓雙平;西北地區(qū)地下水的地質(zhì)生態(tài)環(huán)境調(diào)節(jié)作用研究[J];地學(xué)前緣;2001年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：2340266