【摘要】：河流開發(fā)是社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中不可或缺的一環(huán),國內(nèi)外已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了很多由于河流開發(fā)模式選取不當而造成生態(tài)環(huán)境危機的案例,因此對河流開發(fā)模式的研究有特別重要的意義。本文通過分析以往河流開發(fā)模式的經(jīng)驗教訓,借鑒在其他領域運用成熟的低影響開發(fā)概念,提出了一種適合山區(qū)河流開發(fā)的模式,以達到開發(fā)不利影響最小化目的。從崇陽溪開發(fā)和山區(qū)河流生態(tài)通航兩個層次論證了該模式的可行性。主要研究內(nèi)容包含以下方面:(1)提出了一種符合山區(qū)河流的通用開發(fā)模式:山區(qū)河流生態(tài)低影響開發(fā)模式。基于定性分析以往開發(fā)模式經(jīng)驗教訓基礎上,借鑒了雨洪管理中運用較為成熟的低影響開發(fā)概念,提出了山區(qū)河流生態(tài)低影響開發(fā)模式的核心理念以及決策路線,建立了一套符合山區(qū)河流的開發(fā)思路,并提出了相應的開發(fā)原則。(2)利用模糊層次分析法,將定性決策的開發(fā)影響因素用定量觀點來衡量其在開發(fā)中的重要性,用以指導山區(qū)河流的具體開發(fā)。應用該方法對崇陽溪生態(tài)低影響開發(fā)內(nèi)容進行排序,為開發(fā)主體提供科學決策依據(jù)。(3)運用Navier—Stokes方程,建立漂木道三維水流RNG k-?紊流數(shù)學模型對漂木道的自然流態(tài)進行模擬,根據(jù)數(shù)值模擬結果分析出漂木道在自然流態(tài)條件下不適宜直接用于通航,利用GMO模型對船體在漂木道中的航行分析結果進行了驗證,并在生態(tài)低影響開發(fā)的原則指引下提出了一種漂木道改通航措施,將改造措施的影響范圍縮小至漂木道內(nèi)部。研究結果表明,山區(qū)河流生態(tài)低影響開發(fā)模式可以很好的解決河流開發(fā)中的社會效益、經(jīng)濟效益以及生態(tài)效益之間的相互關系,并且在對河流最小影響的基礎上對漂木道成功進行了改通航設施建設,產(chǎn)生了積極的社會、經(jīng)濟效益。
[Abstract]:River development is an indispensable part of social and economic development. There have been many cases of ecological environment crisis caused by improper selection of river development mode at home and abroad, so the study of river development model is of special significance. By analyzing the experiences and lessons of the previous river development models and using the mature concept of low impact development for reference in other fields, this paper puts forward a model suitable for the development of mountain rivers, in order to minimize the adverse effects of development. The feasibility of this model is demonstrated from the two levels of Chongyang River development and mountain river ecological navigation. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) A general development model for mountain rivers is proposed: the ecological low impact development model of mountain rivers. Based on the qualitative analysis of the experience and lessons of the past development models and the application of the mature concept of low impact development in rain flood management, this paper puts forward the core idea and decision-making route of the ecological low impact development model of mountain rivers. In this paper, a set of development ideas for mountain rivers is established, and corresponding development principles are put forward. (2) using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), the importance of qualitative decision making influencing factors in development is measured from a quantitative point of view. To guide the specific development of mountain rivers. This method is used to sort the development contents of Chongyangxi ecological low impact, and to provide scientific decision basis for the main body of development. (3) using Navier-Stokes equation, the three-dimensional flow RNG k-k of driftwood channel is established. The mathematical model of turbulent flow is used to simulate the natural flow state of driftwood channel. According to the results of numerical simulation, it is concluded that the drift channel is not suitable for direct navigation under the natural flow condition. Based on the GMO model, the navigation analysis results of the ship in the driftwood channel are verified, and under the guidance of the principle of ecological low impact development, a kind of navigational measures are put forward to reduce the influence range of the improvement measures to the interior of the driftwood track. The results show that the ecological low impact development model of mountain rivers can solve the relationship among social, economic and ecological benefits in river development. And on the basis of the minimum influence on the river, the construction of the navigational facilities for the driftwood channel has been successfully carried out, which has produced positive social and economic benefits.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U697;TV213.9

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