【摘要】：鄱陽(yáng)湖是我國(guó)最大的淡水湖,具有調(diào)蓄洪水和保護(hù)生物多樣性等生態(tài)功能。但近年來(lái),鄱陽(yáng)湖出現(xiàn)水量不足、濕地退化、水質(zhì)惡化、等生態(tài)問(wèn)題,引起了各方高度重視,鄱陽(yáng)湖水利樞紐的構(gòu)建則再次引起熱議。然而構(gòu)建水利樞紐工程勢(shì)必影響自然狀態(tài)下鄱陽(yáng)湖的水文、水動(dòng)力。其中,湖流是重要的動(dòng)力學(xué)指標(biāo),它決定著湖中各類物質(zhì)輸移和擴(kuò)散,影響著一系列的人類活動(dòng)。所以本文通過(guò)構(gòu)建鄱陽(yáng)湖二維水動(dòng)力模型,在鄱陽(yáng)湖水利樞紐擬定的調(diào)度方案下,通過(guò)模擬對(duì)豐、平、枯典型年份的流速、流向、基本湖流格局及局部湖流進(jìn)行了有樞紐與無(wú)樞紐狀態(tài)下的比較,由此分析出鄱陽(yáng)湖水利樞紐工程對(duì)湖泊流場(chǎng)的影響,為樞紐的建立可供科學(xué)依據(jù)。研究結(jié)果如下:(1)通過(guò)對(duì)2010(豐水)年、2000(平水)年和2004(枯水)年三個(gè)年份重要區(qū)域有無(wú)樞紐平均流速的模擬發(fā)現(xiàn),豐水年,樞紐工程對(duì)湖泊流速的影響最小,對(duì)入江河道與主湖區(qū)的影響作用大于兩個(gè)國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)。平水年,樞紐工程對(duì)鄱陽(yáng)湖流速的影響強(qiáng)于對(duì)豐水年型流速的影響,入江河道流速減小,鄱陽(yáng)湖南磯山濕地國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)流速增大�？菟�,樞紐對(duì)鄱陽(yáng)湖流速的影響是最大的,各調(diào)度期不同地方的流速變化不同。(2)為了研究鄱陽(yáng)湖水利樞紐工程對(duì)流向的影響,分析了不同調(diào)度期三個(gè)典型年份有無(wú)樞紐的平均流向。結(jié)果顯示,在各個(gè)調(diào)度期中,三峽蓄水期、補(bǔ)償期和低枯水期的流向變化較明顯。鄱陽(yáng)湖水利樞紐對(duì)流向影響最大的年型是2004年,其次為2000年,對(duì)2010年的影響最小。另外,選取了調(diào)度期的開(kāi)始日期進(jìn)行有無(wú)樞紐的對(duì)比,發(fā)現(xiàn)樞紐蓄水期與低枯水期流向變化最明顯。(3)鄱陽(yáng)湖水利樞紐工程水位調(diào)度的實(shí)施,會(huì)改變湖泊的基本湖流特征。自然狀態(tài)下的倒灌型湖流和頂托型湖流由回流型湖流和排水型湖流代替。無(wú)樞紐狀態(tài)下鄱陽(yáng)湖湖流以重力型為主,其次為頂托型,倒灌型最少;有樞紐狀態(tài)下,重力型+排水型湖流有所減少,其中以枯水年為最;頂托型+蓄水型湖流有所增加,也以枯水年為最;枯水年型的倒灌由無(wú)樞紐的14d減少到8d。由于蓄水,有樞紐時(shí)2000年和2010年分別發(fā)生了11d和12d回流。(4)在基本湖流特征受到鄱陽(yáng)湖水利樞紐工程影響的同時(shí),局部湖流也發(fā)生了相應(yīng)的變化。通過(guò)對(duì)豐、平、枯年型下鄱陽(yáng)湖不同湖區(qū)的局部流場(chǎng)中的5種特征進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,得出:在無(wú)樞紐狀態(tài)下,松門(mén)山南部的順時(shí)針環(huán)流場(chǎng)、漢池湖附近的回流場(chǎng)和漢池湖附近的反時(shí)針半環(huán)流場(chǎng)發(fā)生的次數(shù)相對(duì)較多,其中以漢池湖附近的反時(shí)針半環(huán)流場(chǎng)為最多;在有樞紐狀態(tài)下,松門(mén)山南部的順時(shí)針環(huán)流場(chǎng)和漢池湖附近的回流場(chǎng)均有所減少,其中以枯水年2004年減少比較明顯;而松門(mén)山南部的反時(shí)針環(huán)流場(chǎng)、主湖區(qū)的局部回流場(chǎng)和漢池湖附近的反時(shí)針半環(huán)流場(chǎng)則有所增加,尤其是在枯水年份的2004年。
[Abstract]:Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China with ecological functions such as flood regulation and biodiversity conservation. However, in recent years, ecological problems such as water shortage, wetland degradation, water quality deterioration, and so on have aroused great attention, and the construction of Poyang Lake water conservancy project has once again aroused heated discussion. However, the construction of water conservancy project will affect the hydrology and hydrodynamics of Poyang Lake. Among them, lake flow is an important dynamic index, which determines the transport and diffusion of all kinds of matter in the lake, and affects a series of human activities. In this paper, by constructing the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model of Poyang Lake, under the dispatching scheme developed by Poyang Lake Water Conservancy Project, the velocity and direction of flow in typical years of Fengping, Ping and dry are simulated. The basic lake flow pattern and local lake flow are compared between those with or without a hub, and the influence of Poyang Lake water conservancy project on lake flow field is analyzed, which can be used as a scientific basis for the establishment of the project. The results are as follows: (1) through the simulation of the average velocity of the three important regions in 2010, 2000 and 2004 (low water) years, it is found that the key projects have the least influence on the lake velocity in the high water year. The influence on the river channel and the main lake area is greater than that on the two national nature reserves. In the year of plain water, the influence of the junction project on the velocity of Poyang Lake is stronger than that on the type of annual velocity of abundant water. The velocity of river flow into the river decreases, and the velocity of velocity increases in the National Nature Reserve of Nanji Mountain Wetland in Poyang Lake. In the dry year, the impact of the project on the flow velocity of Poyang Lake is the biggest, and the velocity changes are different in different places during the operation period. (2) in order to study the influence of Poyang Lake water conservancy project on the flow direction, The average flow direction of three typical years with different scheduling periods is analyzed. The results show that the flow direction of the three Gorges water storage period, compensation period and low dry water period is obvious. The year type of Poyang Lake Water Control Project which has the greatest influence on the flow direction is 2004, followed by 2000, and the least impact on 2010. In addition, the starting date of the dispatching period is selected to compare whether there is a hub or not, and it is found that the change of the flow direction in the storage period and the low dry period is the most obvious. (3) the implementation of the water level regulation of the Poyang Lake Water Conservancy Project will change the basic lake flow characteristics of the lake. In the natural state, the backflow and topside flow are replaced by the backflow and drainage. Under the condition of no pivot, the gravity type is the main type, the top support type is the second, the inverted irrigation type is the least, and the gravity drainage type lake flow decreases under the condition of the junction, especially in the dry year. The upper-support type of water storage type lake flow increased, and the dry year was the most, and the dry year type of backwater irrigation decreased from 14 days to 8 days. Due to water storage, 11 days and 12 days of backflow occurred in 2000 and 2010 respectively. (4) while the basic lake flow characteristics were affected by Poyang Lake water conservancy project, the local lake flow also changed correspondingly. Based on the statistical analysis of five characteristics of local flow fields in different lakes of Poyang Lake in Fengping and dry years, it is concluded that the clockwise circulation field in the south of Songmen Mountain is in the condition of no junction. The frequency of backflow field near Hanchi Lake and counter-clockwise half-circulation field near Hanchi Lake is relatively high, and the counter-clockwise half-circulation field near Hanchi Lake is the most frequent. The clockwise circulation field in the south of Songmen Mountain and the reflux field near Hanchi Lake have been decreased under the condition of hub, especially in the dry year of 2004. However, the counter-clockwise circulation field in the south of Songmen Mountain, the local backflow field in the main lake area and the counter-clockwise half-circulation field near the Hanchi Lake increased, especially in the dry year of 2004.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TV61;P343.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳法興;;基于EFDC模型的明湖水庫(kù)水質(zhì)數(shù)值模擬及預(yù)測(cè)[J];人民黃河;2016年01期

2 張鵬;石成春;逄勇;潘紅澈;徐磊;;閩江下游徑流量和北港分流比變化及其對(duì)水齡的影響研究[J];水資源與水工程學(xué)報(bào);2015年05期

3 王婧;曹衛(wèi)芳;司武衛(wèi);郭章亮;;鄱陽(yáng)湖湖流特征[J];南昌工程學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2015年03期

4 賴格英;王鵬;黃小蘭;熊家慶;劉影;曾峰海;;鄱陽(yáng)湖水利樞紐工程對(duì)鄱陽(yáng)湖水文水動(dòng)力影響的模擬[J];湖泊科學(xué);2015年01期

5 王鵬;賴格英;黃小蘭;;鄱陽(yáng)湖水利樞紐工程對(duì)湖泊水位變化影響的模擬[J];湖泊科學(xué);2014年01期

6 余啟輝;馬強(qiáng);游中瓊;;鄱陽(yáng)湖水利樞紐調(diào)度對(duì)湖區(qū)枯期水位與流速影響[J];人民長(zhǎng)江;2013年17期

7 王超;申超;王沛芳;錢(qián)進(jìn);侯俊;劉佳佳;;Modeling of sediment and heavy metal transport in Taihu Lake, China[J];Journal of Hydrodynamics;2013年03期

8 張鵬;陸建忠;陳曉玲;田禮喬;;MODIS遙感數(shù)據(jù)輔助的鄱陽(yáng)湖水體范圍變化數(shù)值模擬[J];武漢大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(信息科學(xué)版);2012年09期

9 胡春華;施偉;胡龍飛;周文斌;;鄱陽(yáng)湖水利樞紐工程對(duì)湖區(qū)氮磷營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽影響的模擬研究[J];長(zhǎng)江流域資源與環(huán)境;2012年06期

10 趙高峰;周懷東;胡春宏;阮本清;;鄱陽(yáng)湖水利樞紐工程對(duì)魚(yú)類的影響及對(duì)策[J];中國(guó)水利水電科學(xué)研究院學(xué)報(bào);2011年04期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 葉玉琴;基于EFDC模擬的鄱陽(yáng)湖典型年份水文與水動(dòng)力特征分析[D];江西師范大學(xué);2014年

2 熊雄;基于EFDC的鄱陽(yáng)湖水動(dòng)力研究[D];南昌大學(xué);2014年

，

本文編號(hào)：2323385