陜北兩種筑壩土料滲透破壞機(jī)理的對(duì)比試驗(yàn)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-07 06:52
【摘要】：為了解決陜北淤地壩滲透破壞的問(wèn)題,本次試驗(yàn)以陜北地區(qū)淤地壩中粉質(zhì)壤土和砂質(zhì)壤土兩種常用筑壩土料為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)自制滲透變形儀模擬滲透破壞發(fā)展過(guò)程,計(jì)算臨界水力坡降,運(yùn)用激光粒度儀、電子顯微鏡等儀器探究滲透破壞的微觀的發(fā)生發(fā)展過(guò)程,對(duì)滲透破壞機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究,為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)筑壩及損壞壩的修復(fù)提供理論支持與依據(jù)。本論文主要的結(jié)論有:(1)筑壩土料試樣滲透破壞的臨界水力坡降與破壞過(guò)程的結(jié)論1)根據(jù)室內(nèi)滲透變形試驗(yàn)得出,中粉質(zhì)壤土在壓實(shí)度為1.50g/cm3、1.55g/cm3和1.60g/cm3的臨界水力坡降分別為3.28、4.68和6.78;砂質(zhì)壤土在壓實(shí)度為1.50g/cm3、1.55g/cm3和1.60g/cm3的臨界水力坡降分別為2.28、3.38和4.18;2)在相同的壓實(shí)度下,中粉質(zhì)壤土的臨界水力坡降高于砂質(zhì)壤土,但滲流排水效果遠(yuǎn)差于砂質(zhì)壤土,顆粒級(jí)配上中粉質(zhì)壤土的連續(xù)性好于砂質(zhì)壤土,滲透破壞的時(shí)間上砂質(zhì)壤土遠(yuǎn)大于中粉質(zhì)壤土;3)對(duì)于同種筑壩土樣,臨界水力坡降和滲流速度與壓實(shí)度均成線性相關(guān)關(guān)系,壓實(shí)度越大,臨界水力坡降越大,抗?jié)B性能越好。(2)試驗(yàn)土樣分層探求滲透破壞發(fā)展規(guī)律結(jié)論對(duì)于中粉質(zhì)壤土試驗(yàn)土樣中,第三層土樣即整體的中下游位置及第四層土樣即整體試樣的下游位置最容易發(fā)生滲透破壞變形。對(duì)于砂質(zhì)壤土而言,第四層土樣即下游處容易出現(xiàn)斷層,發(fā)生滲透破壞。(3)滲透破壞試樣的微觀研究結(jié)論1)在同種壓實(shí)度下,中粉質(zhì)壤土的顆粒平均直徑與孔隙率整體均大幅度小于砂質(zhì)壤土;孔隙平均直徑略小于同壓實(shí)度下的砂質(zhì)壤土;粒徑圓度與砂質(zhì)壤土差別不大;2)在同種筑壩土料試驗(yàn)中,壓實(shí)度1.60g/cm3下的試樣孔隙率和孔隙平均直徑均小于壓實(shí)度1.50g/cm3的試樣,但顆粒平均直徑和顆粒圓度相比差別不大;3)在同種筑壩土料同壓實(shí)度情況下,中粉質(zhì)壤土其土柱由下至上層土樣的顆粒平均直徑與孔隙率均呈現(xiàn)遞減趨勢(shì),但10-15cm層小于15-20cm層;孔隙平均直徑均呈現(xiàn)增大趨勢(shì)。砂質(zhì)壤土其土柱由下至上層土樣的顆粒平均直徑和孔隙率均呈現(xiàn)遞減趨勢(shì);孔隙平均直徑均呈現(xiàn)增大趨勢(shì)。兩種土料的粒徑圓度的變化趨勢(shì)均不明顯。(4)滲透破壞泥沙顆粒組成結(jié)構(gòu)分析結(jié)論1)對(duì)于同一種筑壩土料,在不同的壓實(shí)度下,滲透破壞產(chǎn)生的滲流泥沙的顆粒級(jí)配變化不大;2)對(duì)于在相同壓實(shí)度下兩種筑壩土料的滲透破壞產(chǎn)生的滲流泥沙對(duì)比,中粉質(zhì)壤土試樣中滲流泥沙的顆粒級(jí)配中小顆粒組成比例大于砂質(zhì)壤土;3)對(duì)于同種土料滲透破壞過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的滲流泥沙前中期后期的對(duì)比,中粉質(zhì)壤土試樣隨著滲透破壞的發(fā)生,滲流泥沙的粒徑組成由小逐漸向大的趨勢(shì)發(fā)展;砂質(zhì)壤土在滲透破壞的過(guò)程中前期以小顆粒為主,中期與后期顆粒級(jí)配與粒徑比例差別不大。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of seepage failure of silt dam in northern Shaanxi, this experiment takes silty loam and sandy loam in silt dam as the research object, simulates the process of seepage destruction through self-made osmotic deformator. In order to provide theoretical support and basis for site damming and damage dam repair, the critical hydraulic gradient is calculated, and the microscopic development process of seepage failure is explored by means of laser particle size meter and electron microscope, and the mechanism of seepage failure is studied. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the conclusion of critical hydraulic slope and failure process of seepage failure of damming soil sample. 1) according to the indoor seepage deformation test, The critical hydraulic gradient of medium silty loam with compaction of 1.50 g / cm ~ 3 and 1.60g/cm3 of 1.55 g / cm ~ 3 and 1.60g/cm3 is 3.284.68 and 6.78, respectively. The critical hydraulic slope of sandy loam with compaction of 1.50 g / cm ~ 3 and 1.60g/cm3 of 1.55 g / cm ~ 3 and 1.60g/cm3 is 2.28 ~ 3.38 and 4.18, respectively. 2) under the same compaction degree, the critical hydraulic gradient of medium silty loam is higher than that of sandy loam, but the effect of seepage drainage is much worse than that of sandy loam, and the continuity of medium silty loam with grain gradation is better than that of sandy loam. The infiltration time of sandy loam is much larger than that of medium silt loam. 3) for the same kind of dam soil samples, the critical hydraulic gradient and seepage velocity have linear correlation with compaction degree. The greater the compaction degree, the greater the critical hydraulic gradient. The better the impermeability is. (2) the delamination of soil samples and the development of seepage failure conclusion for the test soil samples of medium silty loam, The third layer of soil sample is the middle and lower reaches of the whole and the fourth layer of soil sample is the downstream position of the whole sample. For sandy loam soil, the fourth layer of soil sample, that is, the lower reaches of the fault prone to occur permeability damage. (3) the microscopic study of permeability failure specimen conclusion 1) under the same compaction degree, The average particle diameter and porosity of medium silty loam are smaller than those of sandy loam. The average pore diameter is slightly smaller than that of sandy loam under the same compaction, and the diameter roundness is not different from that of sandy loam. 2) in the same dam soil test, the porosity and average pore diameter under compaction degree 1.60g/cm3 are smaller than those with compactness 1.50g/cm3, but the difference between particle average diameter and particle roundness is not significant; 3) under the same compaction degree of the same dam soil, the average particle diameter and porosity of the soil column of the medium silty loam soil from the bottom to the upper layer show a decreasing trend, but the 10-15cm layer is smaller than the 15-20cm layer, and the average pore diameter of the medium silty loam soil tends to increase. In sandy loam, the average particle diameter and porosity of the soil column from the bottom to the upper layer are decreasing, while the average pore diameter is increasing. The variation trend of particle diameter roundness of the two kinds of soil materials is not obvious. (4) the structure analysis of permeable destruction sediment particles. 1) for the same kind of damming soil material, under different compaction degree, The particle gradation of seepage sediment caused by seepage failure has little change. 2) for the comparison of seepage and sediment produced by seepage failure of two kinds of damming soil under the same compaction degree, the proportion of particle gradation of medium silty loam is larger than that of sandy loam. 3) for the comparison of the seepage sediment produced in the same soil material during the process of seepage destruction, the particle size composition of the medium silt loam developed gradually from small to large with the occurrence of seepage failure. In the early stage of permeation failure of sandy loam soil, the small particles are dominant, and the difference of particle gradation and particle size ratio between the middle and late stages is not significant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TV41
本文編號(hào)：2315551
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of seepage failure of silt dam in northern Shaanxi, this experiment takes silty loam and sandy loam in silt dam as the research object, simulates the process of seepage destruction through self-made osmotic deformator. In order to provide theoretical support and basis for site damming and damage dam repair, the critical hydraulic gradient is calculated, and the microscopic development process of seepage failure is explored by means of laser particle size meter and electron microscope, and the mechanism of seepage failure is studied. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the conclusion of critical hydraulic slope and failure process of seepage failure of damming soil sample. 1) according to the indoor seepage deformation test, The critical hydraulic gradient of medium silty loam with compaction of 1.50 g / cm ~ 3 and 1.60g/cm3 of 1.55 g / cm ~ 3 and 1.60g/cm3 is 3.284.68 and 6.78, respectively. The critical hydraulic slope of sandy loam with compaction of 1.50 g / cm ~ 3 and 1.60g/cm3 of 1.55 g / cm ~ 3 and 1.60g/cm3 is 2.28 ~ 3.38 and 4.18, respectively. 2) under the same compaction degree, the critical hydraulic gradient of medium silty loam is higher than that of sandy loam, but the effect of seepage drainage is much worse than that of sandy loam, and the continuity of medium silty loam with grain gradation is better than that of sandy loam. The infiltration time of sandy loam is much larger than that of medium silt loam. 3) for the same kind of dam soil samples, the critical hydraulic gradient and seepage velocity have linear correlation with compaction degree. The greater the compaction degree, the greater the critical hydraulic gradient. The better the impermeability is. (2) the delamination of soil samples and the development of seepage failure conclusion for the test soil samples of medium silty loam, The third layer of soil sample is the middle and lower reaches of the whole and the fourth layer of soil sample is the downstream position of the whole sample. For sandy loam soil, the fourth layer of soil sample, that is, the lower reaches of the fault prone to occur permeability damage. (3) the microscopic study of permeability failure specimen conclusion 1) under the same compaction degree, The average particle diameter and porosity of medium silty loam are smaller than those of sandy loam. The average pore diameter is slightly smaller than that of sandy loam under the same compaction, and the diameter roundness is not different from that of sandy loam. 2) in the same dam soil test, the porosity and average pore diameter under compaction degree 1.60g/cm3 are smaller than those with compactness 1.50g/cm3, but the difference between particle average diameter and particle roundness is not significant; 3) under the same compaction degree of the same dam soil, the average particle diameter and porosity of the soil column of the medium silty loam soil from the bottom to the upper layer show a decreasing trend, but the 10-15cm layer is smaller than the 15-20cm layer, and the average pore diameter of the medium silty loam soil tends to increase. In sandy loam, the average particle diameter and porosity of the soil column from the bottom to the upper layer are decreasing, while the average pore diameter is increasing. The variation trend of particle diameter roundness of the two kinds of soil materials is not obvious. (4) the structure analysis of permeable destruction sediment particles. 1) for the same kind of damming soil material, under different compaction degree, The particle gradation of seepage sediment caused by seepage failure has little change. 2) for the comparison of seepage and sediment produced by seepage failure of two kinds of damming soil under the same compaction degree, the proportion of particle gradation of medium silty loam is larger than that of sandy loam. 3) for the comparison of the seepage sediment produced in the same soil material during the process of seepage destruction, the particle size composition of the medium silt loam developed gradually from small to large with the occurrence of seepage failure. In the early stage of permeation failure of sandy loam soil, the small particles are dominant, and the difference of particle gradation and particle size ratio between the middle and late stages is not significant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TV41
【相似文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 陳愈炯;關(guān)于筑壩土料的研究及合理使用[J];水利水電技術(shù);1984年01期
2 ;浙江省筑壩土料初步分類[J];水利科技情報(bào);1974年01期
3 彭盛恩;昔格達(dá)土作為筑壩土料特性的研究[J];水文地質(zhì)工程地質(zhì);1989年06期
4 王艷紅;;試析筑壩土料的水利工程性質(zhì)[J];才智;2012年36期
5 楊建榮;彭樹明;和春香;任恒欽;;基于筑壩土料力學(xué)指標(biāo)衰減條件的雙龍水庫(kù)健康診斷體系研究[J];大壩與安全;2011年06期
6 王晶;朱清科;朱首軍;;筑壩土料的擊實(shí)和直剪試驗(yàn)研究[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2009年05期
7 王錄;魏萬(wàn)鴻;;石門溝水庫(kù)筑壩土料碾壓試驗(yàn)研究[J];甘肅水利水電技術(shù);2011年11期
8 黃廣開;;南坪水庫(kù)分散性粘土筑壩土料的設(shè)計(jì)[J];陜西水利;2012年01期
9 成小勇;;水庫(kù)大壩筑壩土料的人工配水試驗(yàn)初探[J];陜西水利;2011年04期
10 陳金輝;;筑壩土料勘察工作問(wèn)題探討[J];水利技術(shù)監(jiān)督;2014年03期
相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條
1 劉和斌;戴新榮;;合肥市大房郢水庫(kù)筑壩土料施工參數(shù)選定[A];第一屆中國(guó)水利水電巖土力學(xué)與工程學(xué)術(shù)討論會(huì)論文集（上冊(cè)）[C];2006年
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 汪濤;沙旋溝淤地壩筑壩土料的分散性鑒定及改性試驗(yàn)研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2016年
，本文編號(hào)：2315551
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/shuiwenshuili/2315551.html
最近更新
教材專著
