【摘要】：水資源是人類生存、生產(chǎn)以及一切經(jīng)濟活動的基礎(chǔ),但由于水資源存在形式的多樣性以及區(qū)域分布的不均性,能夠被人類利用的水資源是十分有限的。人口增長、工農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展以及消費方式的改變使水源危機(數(shù)量和質(zhì)量)日趨嚴峻。紡織服裝產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)對水資源具有較強的依賴性,因此紡織服裝行業(yè)也成為各國水資源政策和法規(guī)的重點管控對象。水足跡作為一種新型水資源管理工具,能夠量化產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)對水資源的影響程度,因此成為眾多研究領(lǐng)域的熱點。將水足跡與環(huán)境標志相結(jié)合以解決水資源問題,也是政府、行業(yè)和研究學(xué)者正在嘗試的方向之一�；诖�,本文充分利用水足跡理論的優(yōu)勢,結(jié)合水資源的分布和紡織服裝產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)特點,提出了建立紡織服裝產(chǎn)品水足跡標簽體系的構(gòu)想。由于紡織服裝產(chǎn)品的多樣性和復(fù)雜性,水足跡理論在紡織服裝領(lǐng)域方面的應(yīng)用尚處探索階段,水足標簽體系的建立仍面臨諸多困難,主要體現(xiàn)在水足跡標簽的指標表征(水足跡核算邊界、區(qū)域水資源差異、產(chǎn)品分類規(guī)則)和水足跡標簽的實施(數(shù)據(jù)收集和核算、水足跡標簽的推廣)方面。針對以上問題,本文在參考相關(guān)文獻、標準的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合企業(yè)調(diào)研和專家訪談,首先規(guī)范了水足跡核算的時間和空間邊界,并根據(jù)水資源的特點和水足跡的構(gòu)成,分別選取了區(qū)域用水負荷和單位水資源COD排放量強度兩個指標來反應(yīng)區(qū)域水資源的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量現(xiàn)狀;其次,在現(xiàn)有紡織服裝產(chǎn)品分類標準的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)過程中的水資源消耗特點,確定了以產(chǎn)品加工方式、主要成分和染整方式為主要區(qū)分方式的產(chǎn)品分類體系;然后,針對水足跡核算中的數(shù)據(jù)收集問題,借助Access數(shù)據(jù)庫軟件,建立了產(chǎn)品水足跡數(shù)據(jù)庫框架,實現(xiàn)了相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)的存儲、計算、查詢和分析功能,并借助實地調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)驗證了數(shù)據(jù)庫功能的可實現(xiàn)性;最后,針對水足跡標簽的推廣問題,結(jié)合專家訪談的結(jié)果從不同利益相關(guān)方的角度提出了針對性的應(yīng)對措施。本課題結(jié)合水資源、水足跡、紡織服裝企業(yè)和產(chǎn)品的特點,建立了紡織服裝產(chǎn)品水足跡標簽體系。該體系的建立有助于從政府、行業(yè)、企業(yè)和消費者不同層面提高對水資源的認識和管理水平。政府層面,國際化的標準和認證體系的建立,有助于增強我國在國際社會中負責(zé)任大國的形象;行業(yè)層面,水足跡標簽有利于及時了解企業(yè)的水資源管理水平和存在的問題,以制定相應(yīng)的指導(dǎo)和監(jiān)管方案,實現(xiàn)行業(yè)水資源的可持續(xù)發(fā)展;企業(yè)層面,水足跡標簽的實施有助于增強企業(yè)節(jié)水減排意識,優(yōu)化產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu),提高企業(yè)水資源管理水平。水足跡標簽的認證也有能夠增強企業(yè)在國際市場中的競爭力和影響力,降低其在國際貿(mào)易中遭遇貿(mào)易壁壘的風(fēng)險;消費者層面,水足跡標簽的推廣有助于消費者了解產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)對水環(huán)境的影響程度,引導(dǎo)消費者購買和使用對水環(huán)境危害較小的產(chǎn)品。
[Abstract]:Water resources are the basis for human survival, production and all economic activities, but due to diversity in the form of water resources and the heterogeneity of regional distribution, water resources that can be utilized by humans are very limited. The growth of population, the development of industry and agriculture and the change of consumption mode make the water source crisis (quantity and quality) increasingly serious. The production of textile and clothing products has a strong dependence on water resources, so the textile and clothing industry also becomes the key control object of national water resources policies and regulations. As a new water resource management tool, the water footprint can quantify the impact of product production on water resources, thus becoming a hot spot in many research fields. The combination of water footprint and environmental indicators to address water problems is also one of the directions that governments, industries and researchers are trying. Based on this, this paper makes full use of the advantages of water footprint theory, combines the distribution of water resources and the production characteristics of textile and clothing products, and puts forward the concept of establishing the water footprint label system of textile clothing products. Due to the diversity and complexity of textile and clothing products, the application of water footprint theory in the field of textile and clothing is still exploring stage, the establishment of water foot label system still faces many difficulties, mainly reflected in the index representation of water footprint label (water footprint accounting boundary, regional water resource difference, Implementation of product classification rules) and water footprint labels (data collection and accounting, promotion of water footprint labels). Aiming at the above problems, based on the reference literatures and standards, combined with enterprise research and expert interview, the time and space boundary of water footprint accounting are standardized, and according to the characteristics of water resources and the composition of water footprint, Secondly, on the basis of the classification standard of the existing textile and clothing products, combined with the characteristics of water resource consumption in the production process of the products, The product classification system based on product processing mode, main component and dyeing and finishing method is determined, and then the product water footprint database framework is established based on Access database software for data collection in water footprint accounting, and the storage of relevant data is realized. In the end, aiming at the popularization of water footprint label, based on the results of expert interview, the author puts forward some corresponding countermeasures from the angle of different stakeholders. This topic combines the characteristics of water resources, water footprint, textile and clothing enterprises and products, and establishes the water footprint label system of textile and clothing products. The establishment of the system helps to improve the knowledge and management level of water resources from different levels of government, industry, enterprises and consumers. The establishment of the standard and certification system of the government level and internationalization will help to strengthen our country's image of any big country in the international community; the industry level, the water footprint label will help to understand the water resource management level and the existing problems of the enterprise in a timely manner, so as to develop the corresponding guidance and supervision plan. The sustainable development of water resources in the industry is realized; the implementation of water footprint labels helps to enhance the consciousness of water saving and emission reduction of enterprises, optimize product structure and improve the management level of water resources of enterprises. The certification of water footprint label also has the ability to enhance the competitiveness and influence of enterprises in the international market, reduce their risk of encountering trade barriers in international trade, and promote consumers to understand the impact of product production on water environment at the consumer level. Guide consumers to buy and use products that are less hazardous to the water environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV213.4;TS941.1

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