【摘要】：在大量的工程建設(shè)中經(jīng)常見到反傾層狀巖質(zhì)邊坡發(fā)生失穩(wěn)破壞,研究表明反傾層狀巖質(zhì)邊坡變形破壞模式主要為傾倒變形破壞,其發(fā)展都要經(jīng)歷一個(gè)長期的地質(zhì)演化過程,在不同的演化過程具有不同的變形破壞特征,且傾倒變形破壞特征在不同時(shí)空具有一定的差異性。黃河上游的茨哈峽壩址區(qū)左岸發(fā)育有三個(gè)大型傾倒體及兩松動體,其傾倒變形機(jī)制及演化過程有待進(jìn)一步研究,基于此本文依托“層狀巖質(zhì)邊坡復(fù)雜變形破壞機(jī)理、失穩(wěn)模式以及治理措施研究”項(xiàng)目,對該岸坡坡體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了細(xì)化,通過野外地質(zhì)調(diào)查資料及變形破壞分布規(guī)律對傾倒變形機(jī)制及演化特征進(jìn)行分析,對研究區(qū)傾倒程度進(jìn)行劃分,并利用數(shù)值模擬分析對反傾層狀邊坡的傾倒演化過程進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,得到以下幾點(diǎn)研究成果:(1)根據(jù)研究區(qū)基本地質(zhì)環(huán)境可知,茨哈峽壩址區(qū)左岸斜坡坡體結(jié)構(gòu)主要有陡傾斜向內(nèi)軟巖層狀巖質(zhì)斜坡(IV21)、陡傾斜向內(nèi)硬巖層狀巖質(zhì)斜坡(IV22)、陡傾反向軟巖層狀巖質(zhì)斜坡(III12)、正交硬巖層狀巖質(zhì)斜坡(V1)、正交硬巖夾軟巖層狀巖質(zhì)斜坡(V2),根據(jù)不同坡體結(jié)構(gòu)將左岸岸坡由上游至下游分為4大段7小段。(2)考慮巖層傾倒要素(巖層傾角變化幅度、層內(nèi)最大拉張量、巖體卸荷變形、巖體風(fēng)化特征、巖體波速特征)提出巖層傾倒劃分等級標(biāo)準(zhǔn),將傾倒程度劃分為強(qiáng)烈傾倒區(qū)、中等傾倒區(qū)、弱傾倒區(qū)及微傾倒區(qū)。(3)對左岸傾倒體邊坡演化過程進(jìn)行分析研究可知,傾倒體邊坡變形破壞模式為彎曲-拉裂,其變形破壞具有長期性和階段累進(jìn)性。黃河的下切促使巖層發(fā)生初期的彎曲變形,隨著黃河繼續(xù)下切和其他因素的影響,邊坡巖體向深部和下部繼續(xù)發(fā)展。根據(jù)變形破壞特征傾倒體演化過程可分為初期變形階段、彎曲拉裂變形階段以及彎曲折斷貫通階段。(4)數(shù)值模擬再現(xiàn)了反傾層狀邊坡的演化過程,根據(jù)對現(xiàn)階段邊坡傾倒變形破壞的模擬分析可知,此階段邊坡處于彎曲拉裂變形階段,在巖體內(nèi)部逐漸形成斷續(xù)的拉裂折斷面,邊坡巖體變形破壞的后續(xù)發(fā)展是在巖體內(nèi)部形成潛在的貫通滑移面。
[Abstract]:In a large number of engineering construction, instability and failure of anti-dip bedded rock slope are often seen. The research shows that the deformation and failure mode of anti-dip bedded rock slope is mainly toppling deformation and failure, and its development has to undergo a long-term geological evolution process. The characteristics of deformation and failure are different in different evolution processes, and the characteristics of toppling deformation and failure are different in different time and space. There are three large toppling bodies and two loose bodies on the left bank of the Zha Gorge dam area in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. The mechanism and evolution of the toppling deformation and its evolution need to be further studied. Based on this, this paper relies on the complex deformation and failure mechanism of the layered rock slope. According to the research of instability model and treatment measures, the slope structure of the bank is refined, and the mechanism and evolution characteristics of toppling deformation are analyzed through the field geological survey data and the distribution law of deformation and failure. The tipping degree of the study area is divided, and the process of the toppling evolution of the inverted stratified slope is verified by numerical simulation analysis. The following research results are obtained: (1) according to the basic geological environment of the study area, The slope body structure of the left bank slope in the Zha Gorge dam area is mainly composed of steeply inclined inner soft rock slope (IV21), steeply inclined inner hard rock slope (IV22), steep-dip reverse soft rock stratum rock slope (III12). Orthogonal hard rock slope (V1), orthogonal hard rock intercalated soft rock slope (V2), According to the structure of different slope bodies, the left bank slope is divided into 4 sections and 7 segments according to the structure of different slope bodies. (2) considering the factors of rock tipping (variation range of rock stratum inclination angle, maximum pulling Zhang Liang in layer, unloading deformation of rock mass, weathering characteristics of rock mass, etc.) The characteristics of rock mass wave velocities). (3) the classification standard of rock strata toppling is put forward, and the dumping degree is divided into strong dumping area, middle dumping area, weak dumping area and micro-dumping area. (3) the evolution process of the left bank slope is analyzed and studied. The deformation and failure mode of toppling slope is bending-tensile crack, and its deformation and failure is long term and progressive. The bottom cutting of the Yellow River promotes the initial bending and deformation of the strata. With the influence of the Yellow River and other factors, the rock mass of the slope continues to develop to the deep and the lower part. According to the characteristics of deformation and failure, the evolution process of toppling body can be divided into three stages: initial deformation stage, bending tensile deformation stage and bending fracture through stage. (4) numerical simulation reappears the evolution process of reverse dip stratified slope. According to the simulation analysis of the toppling deformation and failure of the slope at this stage, the slope is in the stage of bending and tensile crack deformation, and the intermittent fracture surface is gradually formed in the rock mass. The subsequent development of deformation and failure of slope rock mass is the formation of a potential through slip plane inside the rock mass.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV223

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