【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)改變能源結(jié)構(gòu)政策的進(jìn)一步實(shí)施,光伏發(fā)電在我國(guó)得到了大力推廣。而由于光伏發(fā)電具有間歇性、波動(dòng)性、隨機(jī)性的特點(diǎn),大規(guī)模并網(wǎng)時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)電網(wǎng)造成沖擊。而我國(guó)水力資源豐富,如何利用水電啟動(dòng)靈活、調(diào)峰能力突出的特點(diǎn)與光伏電站形成互補(bǔ),使二者作為聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)統(tǒng)一調(diào)度,以發(fā)揮各個(gè)電源的優(yōu)勢(shì),回避各個(gè)電源的劣勢(shì),一直以來(lái)都是優(yōu)化調(diào)度領(lǐng)域的熱門(mén)研究問(wèn)題。本文對(duì)梯級(jí)水電站與光伏電站的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了分析,結(jié)合現(xiàn)有的國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)水光聯(lián)合調(diào)度的技術(shù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,對(duì)梯級(jí)水電站與光伏電站聯(lián)合優(yōu)化調(diào)度的優(yōu)勢(shì)進(jìn)行闡述。提出了聯(lián)合調(diào)度的方案,該方案將梯級(jí)水電站與光伏電站作為一個(gè)整體接受調(diào)度。先根據(jù)天氣情況預(yù)測(cè)出一天內(nèi)光伏電站的出力曲線,再由上游來(lái)水的水文數(shù)據(jù)確定一天中上游的來(lái)水量,結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)刎?fù)荷的要求進(jìn)行梯級(jí)水電站與光伏電站的聯(lián)合運(yùn)行優(yōu)化。論文探討了梯級(jí)水電站與光伏電站聯(lián)合優(yōu)化調(diào)度的相關(guān)問(wèn)題,提出了以日發(fā)電量最大、剩余負(fù)荷曲線最為平滑為雙目標(biāo)的聯(lián)合優(yōu)化短期調(diào)度模型。旨在提高聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的同時(shí),保證聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)的調(diào)峰、改善剩余負(fù)荷曲線、避免棄光現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生。后引入基于小生境歸檔法的改進(jìn)多目標(biāo)布谷鳥(niǎo)算法對(duì)模型進(jìn)行求解。以某河流域下游三級(jí)梯級(jí)水電站與周邊兩期光伏電站為實(shí)例對(duì)此優(yōu)化調(diào)度的方案、模型、算法進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。使用枯水期、豐水期兩種典型日的水文數(shù)據(jù),針對(duì)晴天、陰天、雨天三種天氣條件下的光伏預(yù)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)分別進(jìn)行計(jì)算分析。驗(yàn)證了本文理論的實(shí)用性及有效性,為梯級(jí)水電站與光伏電站的聯(lián)合短期優(yōu)化調(diào)度提供了新思路。
[Abstract]:With the further implementation of the policy of changing the energy structure in China, photovoltaic power generation has been vigorously promoted in China. Because of the intermittent, fluctuating and random characteristics of photovoltaic power generation, large-scale grid connection will impact the power grid. However, our country is rich in hydraulic resources, how to make use of the characteristics of flexible start and outstanding peak-shaving ability of water and electricity to complement the photovoltaic power station, and make the two systems be unified dispatching as a joint system, so as to give full play to the advantages of each power source and avoid the disadvantages of each power supply. It has always been a hot research problem in the field of optimal scheduling. In this paper, the characteristics of cascade hydropower stations and photovoltaic power stations are analyzed, and the advantages of optimal operation of cascade hydropower stations and photovoltaic power stations are expounded according to the present development situation of water and light combined operation technology at home and abroad. A scheme of joint dispatching is proposed in which cascade hydropower stations and photovoltaic power stations are accepted as a whole. According to the weather conditions, the output curve of photovoltaic power station is forecasted in one day, then the water quantity of the upper reaches is determined from the hydrological data of upstream water, and the combined operation optimization of cascade hydropower station and photovoltaic power station is carried out according to the local load requirements. This paper discusses the problems related to the joint optimal dispatching of cascade hydropower stations and photovoltaic power stations, and puts forward a joint optimal short-term dispatching model with the maximum daily power generation and the smoothest residual load curve. The purpose of this paper is to improve the economic benefit of the joint system, to ensure the peak shaving of the joint system, to improve the residual load curve, and to avoid the phenomenon of light abandonment. Then an improved multi-objective cuckoo algorithm based on niche archiving is introduced to solve the model. The optimal scheduling scheme, model and algorithm are verified by the example of a three-stage cascade hydropower station in the lower reaches of a river basin and a photovoltaic power station in the surrounding area. The hydrological data of two typical days in dry and high water periods were used to calculate and analyze the photovoltaic prediction data under three weather conditions: sunny cloudy and rainy. The practicability and validity of the theory are verified and a new idea is provided for the combined short-term optimal operation of cascade hydropower stations and photovoltaic power stations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TV737

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本文編號(hào)：2282103