【摘要】：我國是世界上建成水庫大壩最多的國家，建國后60年間我國共有3462座發(fā)生潰壩，失事率約為4.0％，潰壩災(zāi)害一旦發(fā)生造成嚴(yán)重的交通癱瘓人員傷亡和財產(chǎn)經(jīng)濟損失隨著人口的迅速增長和城市化進程的加快，潰壩災(zāi)害越來越引起人們的關(guān)注，人們開始采用科學(xué)手段識別和控制洪水風(fēng)險，試圖將洪水對人類危害降至最小 本文根據(jù)水利部2009年ǎ洪水風(fēng)險圖編制導(dǎo)則ǐ為主要依據(jù)，堅持編制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與工作實際相結(jié)合的原則，針對天津市于橋水庫開展?jié)魏樗L(fēng)險分析，，分析水庫潰壩洪水可能的影響范圍，對潰壩失事的影響進行評估，繪制水庫潰壩風(fēng)險圖，為水庫管理和防汛部門制定預(yù)警應(yīng)急措施提供科學(xué)依據(jù)，為工程設(shè)計和決策提供有力的技術(shù)支撐首先采用GIS技術(shù)構(gòu)建研究范圍數(shù)字地形，并對高速公路鐵路阻水堤防等進行概化，根據(jù)地形建立TIN網(wǎng)格；針對水庫最大洪水，進行水庫調(diào)洪演算，確定最大泄流過程；針對漸潰和瞬潰，采用DAMBRK模型分析確定具體的潰壩形式及潰口流量過程；在此基礎(chǔ)上建立一二維耦合洪水演進模型，確定模型計算范圍網(wǎng)格劃分入流條件初始條件糙率選取等模型參數(shù)；針對水庫最大洪水漸潰瞬潰三種情況，模擬計算洪水向下游演進情況，提煉流速水深淹沒歷時到達時間淹沒范圍等要素，繪制洪水風(fēng)險圖
[Abstract]:China has the largest number of reservoirs and dams in the world. In the 60 years since the founding of the people's Republic of China, there were 3462 dams broken, and the accident rate was about 4.0. Once the dam-break disaster causes serious traffic paralysis casualties and economic loss of property with the rapid growth of population and the acceleration of urbanization the dam-break disaster has attracted more and more people's attention. People begin to use scientific means to identify and control flood risk, and try to minimize the flood hazard to human beings according to the guidelines compiled by the Ministry of Water Resources 2009 flood risk map as the main basis. In accordance with the principle of combining the compilation standard with the working practice, the risk analysis of dam break flood is carried out in Yuqiao Reservoir of Tianjin, the possible influence range of dam break flood is analyzed, the impact of dam break failure is evaluated, and the risk map of dam break is drawn. It provides scientific basis for reservoir management and flood control departments to formulate early warning and emergency measures, and provides strong technical support for engineering design and decision-making. Firstly, GIS technology is used to construct the digital terrain in the research scope. The TIN grid is established according to the topography, the reservoir flood adjustment calculation is carried out for the maximum flood of the reservoir, the maximum discharge process is determined, and the process of gradual collapse and transient collapse is also discussed in the light of the generalization of the expressway railway water blocking dike and the establishment of the TIN grid according to the topography. The DAMBRK model is used to analyze and determine the concrete form of dam break and the process of burst discharge, and on this basis, the one-dimensional coupled flood routing model is established, and the model parameters such as the selection of initial condition roughness of the initial condition for grid division of the model are determined. In view of three situations of reservoir maximum flood collapsing and transient collapse, this paper simulates and calculates the condition of flood to downstream course, abstracts the factors such as velocity depth submergence duration, time to inundation and so on, and draws flood risk map.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV122.4

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