【摘要】：海堤的安全穩(wěn)定關乎到其保護范圍內的生命財產(chǎn)安全,為了掌握海堤工程的實時安全狀態(tài),建立科學有效的監(jiān)測模型具有重要意義。在眾多影響海堤安全穩(wěn)定的因素中,滲壓是評判海堤安全的重要指標。海堤工程始終受到潮水位的作用,潮水位是影響滲壓分布的主要因素;同時,海堤還經(jīng)常遭受降雨的作用,因此降雨是影響滲壓分布的重要因素。在潮水位和降雨的共同作用下,海堤堤身內長期處于飽和—非飽和非穩(wěn)定滲流狀態(tài),十分容易導致海堤的滲透破壞和岸坡失穩(wěn)。為及時掌握海堤滲流場分布,有效監(jiān)控、分析特殊工作環(huán)境下海堤的安全穩(wěn)定,本文首先在分析、總結前人研究的基礎上,提出了一種形式簡單、精度較好的降雨入滲模式。其次,利用ANSYS熱分析模塊,以潮水位和降雨分別作為水頭邊界條件和流量邊界條件,模擬計算海堤滲流場分布。利用ANSYS參數(shù)化設計語言編寫海堤非穩(wěn)定滲流場分析程序,分析過程中,根據(jù)前次有限元迭代計算結果調整自由面、溢出點,并由基質吸力修正非飽和區(qū)滲透系數(shù)。再次,分別進行了不考慮研究時段內降雨入滲時滲壓計算、考慮潮水位和降雨共同作用下海堤滲流場的模擬分析,結果顯示:采用本文所述的降雨入滲模式時,有限元計算結果與實測數(shù)據(jù)吻合度良好。此外,在進行海堤非穩(wěn)定滲流場分析過程中發(fā)現(xiàn),當采用不同時期的潮水位時,模擬滲流場逼近真實滲流場的速度差異較為明顯,因此,本文也對四類不同時期的初始潮水位對模擬滲流場逼近真實滲流場的速度進行了分析研究。最后,根據(jù)監(jiān)測點處滲壓有限元計算,提取相應的水頭滲壓分量有限元結果和降雨滲壓分量有限元結果,以前期潮水位的冪函數(shù)作為水頭滲壓分量的結構形式,以多段前期降雨量和作為降雨滲壓分量的結構形式,再分別計算兩個分量表達式的各個參數(shù),將水頭滲壓分量和降雨滲壓分量調整系數(shù),同時效分量一起進行參數(shù)估計,從而建立起滲壓確定性模型,為可靠預報海堤安全狀態(tài)提供參考。
[Abstract]:The safety and stability of the seawall is related to the safety of life and property within the scope of its protection. In order to grasp the real-time safety state of the seawall project, it is of great significance to establish a scientific and effective monitoring model. Among the factors influencing the safety and stability of seawall, seepage pressure is an important index to evaluate the safety of seawall. The seawall works are always affected by the tidal level, which is the main factor affecting the distribution of osmotic pressure, and at the same time, the seawall is often affected by rainfall, so rainfall is an important factor affecting the distribution of osmotic pressure. Under the combined action of tidal level and rainfall, the embankment is in a saturated-unsaturated unsteady seepage state for a long time, which can easily lead to seepage failure and bank slope instability of the seawall. In order to grasp the seepage field distribution of seawall, monitor effectively and analyze the safety and stability of seawall under special working environment, this paper firstly puts forward a rainfall infiltration model with simple form and good precision on the basis of analyzing and summarizing the previous research. Secondly, the ANSYS thermal analysis module is used to simulate and calculate the seepage field distribution of seawall with tidal level and rainfall as head boundary condition and discharge boundary condition respectively. The analysis program of unsteady seepage field of seawall is compiled by ANSYS parametric design language. In the process of analysis, the free surface and overflow point are adjusted according to the results of the previous finite element iteration, and the permeability coefficient of unsaturated zone is modified by matrix suction. Thirdly, the seepage field of seawall under the influence of tide level and rainfall is simulated and analyzed separately without considering the rainfall infiltration in the study period. The results show that: when the rainfall infiltration model described in this paper is adopted, the seepage field of seawall is simulated and analyzed. The results of finite element method are in good agreement with the measured data. In addition, during the analysis of the unsteady seepage field of the seawall, it is found that the velocity difference between the simulated seepage field and the real seepage field is obvious when the tide level is used in different periods. In this paper, the velocity of the simulated seepage field approaching to the real seepage field by the initial tidal level in four different periods is also analyzed and studied. Finally, according to the finite element calculation of the seepage pressure at the monitoring point, the corresponding finite element results of the seepage pressure component of the head and the finite element result of the seepage pressure component of the rainfall are extracted, and the power function of the pre-tide level is taken as the structural form of the seepage pressure component of the water head. Based on the structural form of rainfall in the early stage and as the component of rainfall osmotic pressure, the parameters of the expression of the two components are calculated, and the adjustment coefficients of the water head component and the rainfall osmotic component are adjusted, and the parameters are estimated together with the effect component. Thus, the deterministic model of seawall pressure is established, which provides a reference for reliable prediction of seawall safety state.
【學位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U656.314

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