【摘要】：圍繞國家能源戰(zhàn)略部署,一批高混凝土拱壩和高混凝土重力壩即將在水能資源充沛的云南、四川地區(qū)建設。該地區(qū)處于地震多發(fā)區(qū),高混凝土壩的抗震安全評價及災變過程研究刻不容緩。本文的研究目的是得到拱壩和重力壩兩種常見的混凝土壩型在地震荷載作用下的動力響應,并且指出拉伸損傷發(fā)生的部位和裂縫的發(fā)展情況。研究方法基于有限元軟件ABAQUS內嵌的混凝土損傷塑性模型,對國內某拱壩及重力壩在強烈地震作用下的動力響應進行了數(shù)值模擬,得到了地震全過程拱壩及重力壩拉損傷分布和典型單元的損傷發(fā)展時程,給出了拱壩及重力壩的損傷發(fā)生、發(fā)展過程,并指出了兩種壩型的抗震薄弱部位,為高混凝土壩抗震安全評價提供了一種分析途徑。具體主要內容有： (1)簡要介紹論文所用到的理論知識,即有限元基本原理、動力方程的建立以及損傷力學的基本概念。介紹了ABAQUS內嵌的混凝土損傷塑性模型及該模型所用到的輸入?yún)?shù)。 (2)以國內某拱壩為工程背景剖分形成三維有限元模型,對其進行模態(tài)分析,提取振型及拱壩固有頻率,開展線彈性和非線性兩種模型下自重和地震作用組合工況的數(shù)值計算,整理得到頂拱及拱冠梁處的各方向加速度、各方向位移及第一主應力包絡曲線,并對比了兩種本構模型得到的結果變量的包絡圖。提取地震作用下高拱壩的典型單元的損傷發(fā)展時程,從上下游面、垂直z軸切面、垂直x軸切面三個角度給出了壩體最終的損傷分布情況,探討了高拱壩在地震作用下的裂縫擴展過程。 (3)建立西部某重力壩的有限元模型,進行模態(tài)分析,開展線彈性和非線性兩種模型下自重和地震作用組合工況的數(shù)值計算,整理得到上下游折坡點、壩踵及壩趾等關鍵位置處的各方向加速度、位移及第一主應力時程曲線,并對比了兩種本構模型得到的結果變量。從上下游視角、垂直y軸水平切面、垂直z軸豎直切面三個角度給出了壩體最終的損傷分布情況,探討了高重力壩在地震作用下的裂縫擴展過程,并與之前的模型試驗進行了對比。
[Abstract]:According to the national energy strategy, a number of high concrete arch dams and high concrete gravity dams will be built in Yunnan and Sichuan regions with abundant hydro energy resources. This area is in the earthquake prone area. It is urgent to study the seismic safety evaluation and catastrophic process of high concrete dam. The purpose of this paper is to obtain the dynamic response of two common concrete dam types, arch dam and gravity dam, under earthquake load, and to point out the location of tensile damage and the development of cracks. Based on the damage plastic model of concrete embedded in finite element software ABAQUS, the dynamic response of an arch dam and gravity dam under strong earthquake is numerically simulated. The tensile damage distribution of arch dam and gravity dam during earthquake and the damage development history of typical elements are obtained. The damage occurrence and development process of arch dam and gravity dam are given, and the weak seismic sites of two types of dam are pointed out. It provides an analytical approach for seismic safety evaluation of high concrete dams. The main contents are as follows: (1) A brief introduction of the theoretical knowledge used in the paper, namely, the basic principles of finite element, the establishment of dynamic equations and the basic concepts of damage mechanics. The damage plastic model of concrete embedded in ABAQUS and the input parameters used in the model are introduced. (2) taking an arch dam in China as the engineering background, a three-dimensional finite element model is formed, and the modal analysis is carried out, the natural frequencies of the arch dam are extracted, and the numerical calculation of the combined working conditions of deadweight and seismic action under the linear elastic and nonlinear models is carried out. The envelope curves of acceleration, displacement and principal stress in each direction of the arch and arch crown beam are obtained, and the envelope diagrams of the result variables obtained by the two constitutive models are compared. The damage development time history of typical elements of high arch dam under earthquake action is extracted. The final damage distribution of the dam body is given from three angles: upstream and downstream plane, vertical z axis section plane and vertical x axis section plane. The crack propagation process of high arch dam under earthquake is discussed. (3) the finite element model of a gravity dam in the west of China is established, the modal analysis is carried out, and the numerical calculation of the combined working conditions of deadweight and seismic action under the linear elastic and nonlinear models is carried out, and the upstream and downstream break slope points are obtained. The time history curves of acceleration displacement and first principal stress at the key positions such as dam heel and dam toe are compared and the result variables obtained by two constitutive models are compared. The ultimate damage distribution of dam body is given from three angles of view, vertical y axis horizontal section and vertical z axis vertical cut plane, and the crack propagation process of high gravity dam under earthquake is discussed. And compared with the previous model test.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV642;TV312

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