【摘要】：心墻堆石壩具有就地就近取材、適應(yīng)不同變形、施工方法靈活、施工速度快、便于維修加高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),是壩工界優(yōu)先考慮和廣泛采用的壩型,尤其在我國(guó)近二十年來(lái),一大批已建、在建和擬建的兩百米(及以上)心墻堆石壩發(fā)展迅猛。與此同時(shí),也存在著許多亟待解決的工程技術(shù)問(wèn)題,其中,高心墻堆石壩變形的研究就成為其中的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題之一。非線性有限元方法的應(yīng)用為堆石壩變形計(jì)算提供了有效的求解手段,其中流變模型(包括各種指數(shù)型、對(duì)數(shù)型等)的研究影響著土體長(zhǎng)期變形計(jì)算,也解決了工程中許多關(guān)鍵技術(shù)難題,為我國(guó)堆石壩設(shè)計(jì)理論的發(fā)展作出了貢獻(xiàn)。但流變模型的對(duì)比應(yīng)用工作仍不充分,實(shí)際工程中選擇流變模型仍很困難,因此對(duì)各模型展開(kāi)綜合比較和應(yīng)用將具有重要意義。同時(shí),心墻滲透性能空間變化對(duì)瞬時(shí)變形的影響并沒(méi)有引起足夠的重視。在廣泛閱讀國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)流變模型、長(zhǎng)期變形參數(shù)的反演分析方面,本文選取了目前國(guó)內(nèi)堆石壩長(zhǎng)期變形計(jì)算中常用的兩種流變模型:三參數(shù)模型和對(duì)數(shù)模型,首先,從理論上對(duì)兩者進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。其次,基于前人開(kāi)展的室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)和類(lèi)比同類(lèi)工程擬定了流變模型參數(shù),以小浪底斜心墻堆石壩工程實(shí)例建立了有限元模型,討論了以上兩種流變模型在反映堆石料應(yīng)力變形特性方面各自所具有的特點(diǎn),評(píng)述了對(duì)數(shù)流變模型在反映堆石體長(zhǎng)期變形特性方面的實(shí)用優(yōu)越性。但模型初定參數(shù)的計(jì)算值與實(shí)測(cè)值偏差較大,因此,有必要通過(guò)反演分析確定模型參數(shù),最后,通過(guò)反演分析確定模型參數(shù)的計(jì)算結(jié)果與實(shí)測(cè)值吻合的較好,可被用來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)長(zhǎng)期變形。針對(duì)心墻滲透系數(shù)的研究,本文從心墻滲透性能空間變化對(duì)瞬時(shí)變形影響這一因素出發(fā),并結(jié)合如美心墻堆石壩所取得的室內(nèi)壓縮試驗(yàn)和滲透系數(shù)試驗(yàn),考察了心墻滲透性能空間變化對(duì)變形預(yù)測(cè)的影響。經(jīng)過(guò)以上計(jì)算分析發(fā)現(xiàn):對(duì)數(shù)流變模型計(jì)算的長(zhǎng)期變形與實(shí)測(cè)值在位移發(fā)展趨勢(shì)上相符較好,基于反演參數(shù)進(jìn)行的長(zhǎng)期變形計(jì)算,可用于已建心墻堆石壩位移的預(yù)測(cè)和安全評(píng)判;心墻滲透性能空間變化能更準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)測(cè)壩體瞬時(shí)變形。
[Abstract]:The core wall rockfill dam has the advantages of getting materials locally, adapting to different deformation, flexible construction method, fast construction speed and convenient for maintenance and heightening. It is a dam type that has been given priority and widely adopted by the dam engineering circles, especially in the past twenty years in China. A large number of core rockfill dams, which have been built, are under construction and are to be built, are developing rapidly. At the same time, there are many urgent engineering technical problems, among which, the study of deformation of high core rockfill dam becomes one of the key problems. The application of nonlinear finite element method provides an effective method for calculating the deformation of rockfill dams. The study of rheological models (including various exponential types, logarithmic types, etc.) affects the calculation of long-term deformation of soil. It also solves many key technical problems and contributes to the development of the design theory of rockfill dams in China. However, the comparison and application of rheological models are still insufficient, and it is still very difficult to select rheological models in practical engineering. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out comprehensive comparison and application of each model. At the same time, the influence of the spatial variation of the permeability of the core wall on the instantaneous deformation has not been paid enough attention to. On the basis of extensive reading of relevant literature at home and abroad, the inversion analysis of rheological model, long-term deformation parameters, In this paper, two kinds of rheological models commonly used in the long-term deformation calculation of rockfill dams in China are selected: the three-parameter model and the logarithmic model. Firstly, the two models are compared theoretically. Secondly, the rheological model parameters are drawn up on the basis of laboratory tests and analogous similar projects carried out by predecessors, and the finite element model is established with the example of Xiaolangdi inclined core rockfill dam. The characteristics of the above two rheological models in reflecting the stress-deformation characteristics of rockfill are discussed, and the practical advantages of logarithmic rheological models in reflecting the long-term deformation characteristics of rockfill are reviewed. However, the calculated values of the initial parameters of the model deviate greatly from the measured values. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the model parameters by inversion analysis. Finally, the calculated results of the model parameters are in good agreement with the measured values by the inversion analysis. It can be used to predict long-term deformation. According to the research of permeability coefficient of core wall, this paper starts from the factor that the spatial change of permeability property of core wall affects the instantaneous deformation, and combines the indoor compression test and permeability coefficient test obtained from the core wall rockfill dam. The effect of spatial variation of permeability on deformation prediction was investigated. Through the above calculation and analysis, it is found that the long-term deformation calculated by the logarithmic rheological model is in good agreement with the measured values in the trend of displacement development, and the long-term deformation calculation based on the inversion parameters is carried out. It can be used to predict and evaluate the displacement of rockfill dam with built core wall, and the spatial variation of permeability property of core wall can predict the instantaneous deformation of dam body more accurately.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TV641.41;TV698.11

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本文編號(hào)：2235918