基于遙感TM影像紋理特征的長江河口流態(tài)信息分析
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-05 10:33
【摘要】：長江口是我國最大的潮汐河口,受徑流、潮流、波浪、科氏力、復(fù)雜地形等環(huán)境因子的綜合影響,動力條件多變,泥沙輸運復(fù)雜。衛(wèi)星遙感技術(shù)具有大尺度觀測、快速同步更新等優(yōu)勢,可為宏觀定期監(jiān)測該地區(qū)水動力和泥沙輸運提供有效途徑,前人已經(jīng)做了大量有效工作,已取得眾多成果。但有關(guān)基于光學(xué)遙感影像的流態(tài)信息研究多停留在定性層面,尚未深入到定量和半定量的研究。 本文收集了1995～2013年間多時相遙感TM影像數(shù)據(jù)和多年典型潮位站的潮位資料,通過遙感影像的空間紋理特征分析,實現(xiàn)長江河口表層漲落潮流流向和流速兩種主要流態(tài)信息從定性描述到半定量化的初步研究。同時,利用課題組建立的長江河口和杭州灣北岸MIKE21_FM數(shù)值模型模擬獲得的流場,驗證由遙感TM影像紋理特征分析得到的流態(tài)信息解譯結(jié)果,發(fā)現(xiàn)流向的均方差誤差在落潮和漲潮情況下,分別為6.2。和18.5。,流速分級的吻合度在落潮和漲潮情況下分別為84.6%和61.5%,落潮情況下的流態(tài)解譯結(jié)果較好。因此,基于遙感TM影像線狀紋理特征的河口流態(tài)信息定量分析有一定的參考價值,并有一定的創(chuàng)新性。主要結(jié)論如下： 1、Gabor濾波方法可增強遙感TM影像紋理信息,Gabor濾波后圖像線狀紋理信息量越大的區(qū)域越接近主流方向,而紋理信息量越少的區(qū)域越偏離實際水流方向,由此推斷,遙感TM影像線狀紋理方向可解譯為水流方向。與傳統(tǒng)的紋理特征統(tǒng)計方法相比,Gabor濾波方法在增強流向解譯標志、提高流向判釋準確度方面有一定的優(yōu)勢,可用于河口地區(qū)表層流向信息的定量提取。 2、鑒于遙感TM影像線狀紋理熵值越大的區(qū)域紋理越密集,而熵值較小的地方紋理較稀疏,其與Garbor濾波方法獲得的線狀紋理信息量越大的區(qū)域越接近水流主流區(qū)域較為一致。由此推斷,紋理熵值可能與流速存在一定的正相關(guān)關(guān)系,可利用同一景TM影像的紋理熵分級從宏觀上表征河口地區(qū)流態(tài)的強弱。 3、遙感影像定量解譯流態(tài)信息的方法在懸沙濃度適中的河口區(qū)域精度較高,且Gabor濾波圖像提取流向的效果較紋理熵表征流速分級的效果更好。在時序的適用上,枯季的TM影像紋理特征較洪季更為顯著,更有利于流態(tài)解譯,枯季大潮時的TM影像較枯季小潮更有利于流態(tài)信息的遙感解譯。 4、將Gabor濾波方法應(yīng)用于長江河口及其鄰近水域遙感TM影像的流態(tài)信息解譯,探討1995年以來枯季大小潮期間長江河口南北槽、南匯嘴和杭州灣北岸東海大橋所在水域的流態(tài)特征和流態(tài)變化,表明深水航道治理工程、圈圍工程和東海大橋等大型工程對其所在水域的流態(tài)產(chǎn)生一定的影響。 不足與展望：紋理熵值是表征潮汐河口流速的重要參數(shù),但還需考慮更多的流態(tài)解譯因素來提高精度；限于遙感影像數(shù)據(jù)的精度和大范圍同步實測數(shù)據(jù)的缺乏,不能實時捕捉長江口流態(tài)變化的影響因素,有待進一步后續(xù)研究和深入探討。
[Abstract]:The Yangtze Estuary is the largest tidal estuary in China. It is influenced by runoff, tidal current, wave, Coriolis force and complex topography. The dynamic conditions are changeable and the sediment transport is complex. A great deal of effective work has been done and many achievements have been made. However, most of the researches on the flow information based on optical remote sensing images remain at the qualitative level, and have not yet gone deep into the quantitative and semi-quantitative research.
In this paper, TM image data of multi-temporal remote sensing and tide level data of typical tide stations for many years from 1995 to 2013 are collected. Through the analysis of spatial texture characteristics of remote sensing images, the qualitative description and Semi-quantitative Study on the flow direction and velocity of surface fluctuation tidal current in the Yangtze Estuary are carried out. The flow field obtained by MIKE21_FM numerical model in the Yangtze Estuary and the Northern Bank of Hangzhou Bay is validated. The results show that the mean square error of the flow direction is 6.2.0 and 18.5. Therefore, quantitative analysis of estuarine flow regime information based on linear texture features of remote sensing TM images has certain reference value and innovation.
1. Gabor filtering can enhance the texture information of remote sensing TM images. The larger the linear texture information is, the closer the region is to the mainstream direction, and the less the texture information is, the more the region deviates from the actual flow direction. Therefore, the linear texture direction of remote sensing TM images can be interpreted as the flow direction. Compared with the Gabor filtering method, the Gabor filtering method has some advantages in enhancing the interpretation marks of flow direction and improving the accuracy of flow direction interpretation, and can be used for quantitative extraction of surface flow information in estuaries.
2. In view of the fact that the larger the entropy value of the linear texture, the denser the texture is and the sparser the local texture is, the closer the area with the larger information of the linear texture obtained by Garbor filtering is to the mainstream area of the flow. Therefore, it is inferred that the texture entropy value may have a positive correlation with the flow velocity, which is beneficial. The texture entropy classification of the same scene TM image is used to characterize the flow pattern in the estuary area macroscopically.
3. The method of quantitative interpretation of flow regime information from remote sensing images is more accurate in estuaries with moderate suspended sediment concentration, and the effect of extracting flow direction from Gabor filter image is better than that of texture entropy to characterize flow velocity classification. TM image is more favorable for remote sensing interpretation of flow information than dry season neap tide.
4. The Gabor filtering method is applied to interpret the TM images of the Yangtze Estuary and its adjacent waters, and the flow characteristics and flow regime changes in the waters of the North-South Channel of the Yangtze Estuary, Nanhui Zui and Donghai Bridge on the north coast of Hangzhou Bay during the dry season tide period since 1995 are discussed. The results show that the deepwater channel harnessing project, encirclement project and Donghai Bridge are located in the Yangtze Estua And other large projects have a certain effect on the flow pattern of the water area.
Deficiencies and prospects: texture entropy is an important parameter to characterize tidal estuary flow velocity, but more factors of flow regime interpretation need to be considered to improve the accuracy; limited to the accuracy of remote sensing image data and the lack of large-scale synchronous measured data, it can not capture the real-time influencing factors of flow regime changes in the Yangtze Estuary, which needs further study and in-depth study. Discuss.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV148;P343.5
本文編號：2224007
[Abstract]:The Yangtze Estuary is the largest tidal estuary in China. It is influenced by runoff, tidal current, wave, Coriolis force and complex topography. The dynamic conditions are changeable and the sediment transport is complex. A great deal of effective work has been done and many achievements have been made. However, most of the researches on the flow information based on optical remote sensing images remain at the qualitative level, and have not yet gone deep into the quantitative and semi-quantitative research.
In this paper, TM image data of multi-temporal remote sensing and tide level data of typical tide stations for many years from 1995 to 2013 are collected. Through the analysis of spatial texture characteristics of remote sensing images, the qualitative description and Semi-quantitative Study on the flow direction and velocity of surface fluctuation tidal current in the Yangtze Estuary are carried out. The flow field obtained by MIKE21_FM numerical model in the Yangtze Estuary and the Northern Bank of Hangzhou Bay is validated. The results show that the mean square error of the flow direction is 6.2.0 and 18.5. Therefore, quantitative analysis of estuarine flow regime information based on linear texture features of remote sensing TM images has certain reference value and innovation.
1. Gabor filtering can enhance the texture information of remote sensing TM images. The larger the linear texture information is, the closer the region is to the mainstream direction, and the less the texture information is, the more the region deviates from the actual flow direction. Therefore, the linear texture direction of remote sensing TM images can be interpreted as the flow direction. Compared with the Gabor filtering method, the Gabor filtering method has some advantages in enhancing the interpretation marks of flow direction and improving the accuracy of flow direction interpretation, and can be used for quantitative extraction of surface flow information in estuaries.
2. In view of the fact that the larger the entropy value of the linear texture, the denser the texture is and the sparser the local texture is, the closer the area with the larger information of the linear texture obtained by Garbor filtering is to the mainstream area of the flow. Therefore, it is inferred that the texture entropy value may have a positive correlation with the flow velocity, which is beneficial. The texture entropy classification of the same scene TM image is used to characterize the flow pattern in the estuary area macroscopically.
3. The method of quantitative interpretation of flow regime information from remote sensing images is more accurate in estuaries with moderate suspended sediment concentration, and the effect of extracting flow direction from Gabor filter image is better than that of texture entropy to characterize flow velocity classification. TM image is more favorable for remote sensing interpretation of flow information than dry season neap tide.
4. The Gabor filtering method is applied to interpret the TM images of the Yangtze Estuary and its adjacent waters, and the flow characteristics and flow regime changes in the waters of the North-South Channel of the Yangtze Estuary, Nanhui Zui and Donghai Bridge on the north coast of Hangzhou Bay during the dry season tide period since 1995 are discussed. The results show that the deepwater channel harnessing project, encirclement project and Donghai Bridge are located in the Yangtze Estua And other large projects have a certain effect on the flow pattern of the water area.
Deficiencies and prospects: texture entropy is an important parameter to characterize tidal estuary flow velocity, but more factors of flow regime interpretation need to be considered to improve the accuracy; limited to the accuracy of remote sensing image data and the lack of large-scale synchronous measured data, it can not capture the real-time influencing factors of flow regime changes in the Yangtze Estuary, which needs further study and in-depth study. Discuss.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV148;P343.5
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 王惠明;史萍;;圖像紋理特征的提取方法[J];中國傳媒大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2006年01期
2 沈芳;郜昂;吳建平;周云軒;張杰;;淤泥質(zhì)潮灘水邊線提取的遙感研究及DEM構(gòu)建——以長江口九段沙為例[J];測繪學(xué)報;2008年01期
3 叢家慧;顏云輝;董德威;;Gabor濾波器在帶鋼表面缺陷檢測中的應(yīng)用[J];東北大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2010年02期
4 萬保峰;袁水華;蘇建平;;基于紋理分析的滑坡遙感圖像識別[J];地礦測繪;2009年02期
5 陳杉,秦其明;基于小波變換的高分辨率影像紋理結(jié)構(gòu)分類方法[J];地理與地理信息科學(xué);2003年03期
6 茅志昌,沈煥庭,徐彭令;長江河口咸潮入侵規(guī)律及淡水資源利用[J];地理學(xué)報;2000年02期
7 李俊杰;何隆華;戴錦芳;李金蓮;;基于遙感影像紋理信息的湖泊圍網(wǎng)養(yǎng)殖區(qū)提取[J];湖泊科學(xué);2006年04期
8 王艷梅;楊世植;王震;崔生成;;基于Landsat 5 TM數(shù)據(jù)反演地表溫度[J];大氣與環(huán)境光學(xué)學(xué)報;2010年04期
9 林桂蘭,方建勇,陳峰;廈門同安灣灘槽演變趨勢的遙感分析[J];國土資源遙感;2004年04期
10 李三平;葛詠;李德玉;;遙感信息處理不確定性的可視化表達[J];國土資源遙感;2006年02期
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 任永政;從衛(wèi)星TerraSAR-X圖像反演海面風場和海表流場方法研究[D];中國海洋大學(xué);2009年
，本文編號：2224007
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/shuiwenshuili/2224007.html
最近更新
教材專著
