【摘要】：低揚(yáng)程泵站在我國(guó)跨流域調(diào)水、水環(huán)境改善、城市防洪等方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。泵裝置效率取決于其各組成部分的效率及相互之間連接的順暢度。導(dǎo)葉在泵裝置中上承葉輪,下接出水流道。水泵葉輪出口設(shè)置導(dǎo)葉的初衷是將水流的旋轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)化為壓能,從而減小水力損失。當(dāng)前導(dǎo)葉都是不可調(diào)節(jié)的,導(dǎo)葉進(jìn)口安放角是按設(shè)計(jì)工況下葉輪的出口水流速度三角形確定的。導(dǎo)葉的出口安放角的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)應(yīng)是使得導(dǎo)葉出口獲得使出水流道水力性能最優(yōu)的最優(yōu)環(huán)量,最優(yōu)環(huán)量與流量有關(guān)。當(dāng)工況改變后,葉輪的出口水流速度三角形和出水流道所對(duì)應(yīng)的最優(yōu)環(huán)量都會(huì)發(fā)生改變,此時(shí)導(dǎo)葉的進(jìn)出口安放角不可調(diào)節(jié),水力損失將會(huì)增大,泵裝置效率下降。本文提出調(diào)節(jié)導(dǎo)葉進(jìn)出口安放角以提高泵裝置效率的方法。針對(duì)導(dǎo)葉進(jìn)出口安放角對(duì)泵裝置水力性能的影響的研究,本文的研究工作主要有以下內(nèi)容:1、對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外的軸流泵后置導(dǎo)葉的研究成果進(jìn)行了總結(jié)分析,明確了研究導(dǎo)葉進(jìn)、出口安放角對(duì)泵裝置水力性能影響的目的、意義和主要研究?jī)?nèi)容;同時(shí)總結(jié)分析了數(shù)值模擬的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,明確了本文的研究方法及其可行性。2、對(duì)軸流泵泵裝置進(jìn)行實(shí)體建模以及網(wǎng)格剖分,并對(duì)多個(gè)不同網(wǎng)格數(shù)的軸流泵泵裝置模型模擬計(jì)算,進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格的無關(guān)性分析,選擇數(shù)值分析網(wǎng)格數(shù)量,以保證其對(duì)軸流泵泵裝置性能計(jì)算結(jié)果無影響。在此基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用CFD計(jì)算軟件對(duì)不同方案進(jìn)行計(jì)算,并對(duì)模擬結(jié)果加以分析與研究。3、提出導(dǎo)葉葉片整體調(diào)節(jié)的方法,在不同工況點(diǎn)下進(jìn)行模擬計(jì)算。當(dāng)導(dǎo)葉固定不動(dòng)時(shí),流量為0.8Qd、0.9Qd、1.0Qd、1.1Qd及1.2Qd時(shí)所對(duì)應(yīng)的泵裝置效率分別為72.06%、75.33%、74.96%、65.59%及38.84%,導(dǎo)葉整體調(diào)節(jié)時(shí),不同流量下所能達(dá)到的最優(yōu)效率為74.02%、75.81%、74.96%、66.20%及43.24%,均有所提升;可見,導(dǎo)葉整體調(diào)節(jié)對(duì)提高泵裝置效率有所幫助。4、以0.8Qd與1.2Qd為例,分別分析小流量與大流量時(shí)導(dǎo)葉出口安放角對(duì)出水流道水力性能的影響,提出分部調(diào)節(jié)導(dǎo)葉的構(gòu)想,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行計(jì)算,得出結(jié)論:小流量時(shí),不同調(diào)節(jié)方案對(duì)泵裝置水力性能的影響較大。對(duì)于最優(yōu)泵裝置效率,整體調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)比固定導(dǎo)葉提高了 1.96%,分部調(diào)節(jié)又比整體導(dǎo)葉提高了 1.16%;大流量時(shí),整體調(diào)節(jié)對(duì)泵裝置水力性能的提升影響較大,泵裝置效率比固定導(dǎo)葉時(shí)提升了 4.4%,分部調(diào)節(jié)與整體調(diào)節(jié)相比影響較小,泵裝置效率僅提高了 0.18%。
[Abstract]:Low-lift pumping stations play an important role in water transfer, water environment improvement and urban flood control in China. Pump efficiency depends on the efficiency of each component and the smoothness of connection. The guide vane is connected to the upper impeller in the pump device and the outlet passage to the bottom. The original intention of setting the guide vane at the outlet of the pump impeller is to convert the rotational kinetic energy of the water flow into the pressure energy, so as to reduce the hydraulic loss. At present, the guide vane is unadjustable, and the inlet angle of guide vane is determined according to the flow velocity triangle at the outlet of the impeller under the design condition. The design goal of the outlet placement angle of the guide vane should be to obtain the optimal ring quantity of the outlet vane to make the hydraulic performance of the outlet passage optimal, and the optimal ring quantity is related to the flow rate. When the working condition is changed, the flow velocity triangle at the outlet of the impeller and the optimal annular volume corresponding to the outlet passage will change. At this time, the inlet and outlet angle of the guide vane cannot be adjusted, the hydraulic loss will increase, and the efficiency of the pump device will decrease. This paper presents a method to improve the efficiency of pump device by adjusting the inlet and outlet angle of guide vane. In view of the research on the influence of inlet and outlet angle of guide vane on hydraulic performance of pump unit, the main research work of this paper is as follows: 1. The research results of rear guide vane of axial flow pump at home and abroad are summarized and analyzed, and the research on guide vane is made clear. The purpose, significance and main research contents of the effect of outlet placement angle on hydraulic performance of pump unit are summarized and analyzed, and the development status of numerical simulation is summarized and analyzed. The research method and feasibility of this paper are defined. 2. The solid modeling and mesh generation of the axial flow pump device are carried out, and the model simulation of many different grid numbers of the axial flow pump device is carried out, and the mesh independence analysis is carried out. The number of numerical analysis meshes is chosen to ensure that it has no effect on the performance calculation results of axial pump device. On this basis, the different schemes are calculated by using CFD software, and the simulation results are analyzed and studied. Finally, the method of integral adjustment of the guide vane is put forward, and the simulation calculation is carried out at different working conditions. When the guide vane is fixed, the pump device efficiency corresponding to the flow rate of 0.8QdN 0.9QdN 1.0QdU 1.1Qd and 1.2Qd is 72.060.30 / 75.33and 74.9665.59% and 38.84 respectively. When the guide vane is adjusted as a whole, the optimum efficiency under different flow rates is 74.022.81g / 74.96 / 66.20% and 43.2445%, respectively. The integral adjustment of guide vane is helpful to improve the efficiency of pump unit. Taking 0.8Qd and 1.2Qd as examples, the influence of outlet angle of guide vane on the hydraulic performance of outlet passage is analyzed respectively with small flow rate and large flow rate, and the conception of partial regulating guide vane is put forward. It is concluded that when the flow rate is small, different regulation schemes have great influence on hydraulic performance of pump unit. For the optimal pump unit efficiency, the integral adjustment increases 1.96% compared with the fixed guide vane, and the partial adjustment increases 1.16% compared with the integral guide vane, and when the flow rate is large, the integral regulation has a greater influence on the hydraulic performance of the pump device. Compared with the fixed guide vane, the efficiency of the pump device is increased by 4.4 steps, the effect of the partial adjustment is less than that of the whole regulation, and the efficiency of the pump device is only increased by 0.18.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TV136.2

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