新水沙條件下荊江河段航道整治工程適應(yīng)性及原則研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-22 08:57
【摘要】：本文以長江中游荊江河段為研究對象,通過分析三峽運(yùn)行前后荊江河段及上、下邊界沿程控制水文站的來水來沙數(shù)據(jù),總結(jié)三峽工程蓄水運(yùn)用后的新水沙特性;在實(shí)測河床演變分析的基礎(chǔ)上,基于平面二維水沙數(shù)學(xué)模型研究了新水沙條件下荊江河段河床演變規(guī)律及演變趨勢預(yù)測;充分研究了蓄水過程中不同類型整治建筑物的適應(yīng)性,著重探討了守護(hù)型工程實(shí)現(xiàn)航道治理目標(biāo)的內(nèi)在機(jī)理,研究了多因素作用下的丁壩水毀情況;在上述理論研究的基礎(chǔ)上,提出荊江河段航道系統(tǒng)整治的原則。全文主要研究了以下幾個方面的問題:(1)通過分析宜昌、枝城、沙市、監(jiān)利、漢口各站水沙實(shí)測資料,揭示了三峽工程蓄水運(yùn)用后荊江河段的新水沙特性。三峽水庫的運(yùn)行調(diào)平了流量過程,使得枯水期縮短,中水期延長;三峽水庫開始運(yùn)用后,各站年輸沙量大幅度減少,幾乎可以認(rèn)為清水下泄;壩下游各水文站自上而下年輸沙量逐漸增加,出庫“清水”從沿程河床獲取泥沙后不飽和度降低,輸沙量得到一定程度恢復(fù)。(2)在分析新水沙條件下長江中游荊江河段演變規(guī)律及航道條件變化的基礎(chǔ)上,揭示了水沙變化與河床演變之間的關(guān)系。在此基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)歸納沙卵石河段、沙質(zhì)順直型、彎曲型、分汊型(包括順直分汊型、彎曲分汊型)淺灘河段的演變特點(diǎn)。(3)考慮上下游河段關(guān)聯(lián)性,基于數(shù)學(xué)模型計(jì)算對枝江~江口、周天、藕石碾、窯監(jiān)淺灘河段演變趨勢做出預(yù)測,在此基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)歸納新水沙條件下不同類型淺灘河段的演變趨勢。(4)針對三峽蓄水過程中的礙航河段,進(jìn)行蓄水過程的適應(yīng)性分析,分別模擬守護(hù)型工程(工程較弱)和調(diào)整型工程(工程較強(qiáng))對于汛后蓄水過程的適應(yīng)性及工程效果。守護(hù)型工程對航道改善有一定效果,但要徹底提高對三峽水庫汛后蓄水過程較為敏感河段的航道條件,需要采用一定的調(diào)整型工程。(5)運(yùn)用河流動力學(xué)理論,推求出整治水位下河槽在沖刷前、后航深變化值的表達(dá)式,從理論上探討守護(hù)型控導(dǎo)工程實(shí)現(xiàn)航道治理目標(biāo)的內(nèi)在機(jī)理,并以長江中游荊江藕池口水道和太平口河段為例,計(jì)算了這兩個河段守護(hù)關(guān)鍵可動洲灘后航深的變化過程,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了守護(hù)型控導(dǎo)工程實(shí)現(xiàn)航道改善的內(nèi)在機(jī)理。(6)建立了基于非結(jié)構(gòu)化網(wǎng)格求解三維自由表面流動的非靜壓數(shù)值模型,對兩種常見的丁壩結(jié)構(gòu)型式在不同工況下的水流結(jié)構(gòu)及壓強(qiáng)分布進(jìn)行精細(xì)模擬。結(jié)果表明:水流結(jié)構(gòu)及壓力分布特性都表明丁壩的壩頭和壩根是容易產(chǎn)生水毀的主要部位;下挑丁壩結(jié)構(gòu)在防水毀方面要略優(yōu)于正挑丁壩。(7)在上述工作基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合對已實(shí)施航道整治工程整治原則的總結(jié),提出荊江河段系統(tǒng)整治原則;上、下荊江具體整治原則;不同類型淺灘整治原則及不同類型整治建筑物的選取原則。
[Abstract]:Taking the Jingjiang reach in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River as the research object, this paper summarizes the characteristics of the new water and sediment after the water storage and application of the three Gorges Project by analyzing the incoming water and sediment data of the Jingjiang reach and the upper and lower boundary control hydrologic stations before and after the operation of the three Gorges Project. Based on the analysis of the evolution of the measured river bed, based on the plane two-dimensional water and sediment mathematical model, the evolution law and trend prediction of the river bed in the Jingjiang reach under the new water and sediment conditions are studied, and the adaptability of different types of regulation buildings in the process of water storage is fully studied. This paper mainly discusses the internal mechanism of realizing the target of waterway regulation in the daemon engineering, studies the situation of dike water destruction under the action of many factors, and puts forward the principles of waterway system regulation in Jingjiang reach on the basis of the above theoretical research. This paper mainly studies the following problems: (1) through analyzing the measured data of water and sediment in Yichang, Zhicheng, Shashi, Jianli and Hankou stations, the characteristics of new water and sediment in Jingjiang reach after the water storage and operation of the three Gorges Project are revealed. The operation of the three Gorges Reservoir levelles the discharge process, shortens the dry period and prolongs the middle water period, and after the operation of the three Gorges Reservoir, the annual sediment discharge of the three Gorges Reservoir is greatly reduced, which can almost be considered as the discharge of clean water. The annual sediment discharge from top to bottom in the hydrological stations in the lower reaches of the dam increases gradually, and the unsaturation decreases after the sediment is obtained from the riverbed along the river by "clear water" out of the reservoir. The sediment transport is recovered to some extent. (2) based on the analysis of the evolution law and channel condition of Jingjiang reach in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the relationship between the variation of water and sediment and the evolution of riverbed is revealed. On this basis, the evolution characteristics of shoal reach of sandy pebble reach, sandy straight type, curved type and branching type (including straight branch type, curved branching type) are summarized. (3) considering the correlation of upper and lower reaches, Based on the calculation of mathematical model, the evolution trend of the reach of Zhijiang ~ Jiangkou, Zhou Tian, lotus root stone mill and kiln supervision shoal is predicted, and on this basis, The evolution trend of different types of shoal reach under the condition of new water and sediment is summarized. (4) the adaptability analysis of water storage process is carried out in view of the obstruction of navigation in the process of water storage in the three Gorges. The adaptability and engineering effect of daemon engineering (weak engineering) and adjustment engineering (strong engineering) to the process of water storage after flood are simulated respectively. The daemon project has certain effect on the channel improvement, but in order to improve the waterway condition of the more sensitive section of the three Gorges reservoir after flood, it is necessary to adopt certain adjustment engineering. (5) the theory of river dynamics is used. This paper deduces the expression of the variation value of the depth of navigation before and after the channel under the regulation water level, and theoretically discusses the internal mechanism of realizing the target of waterway regulation by the guard control and guide engineering, and takes the estuary channel of lotus root pool and Taiping Kou River reach in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River as an example. The course of the variation of the depth after the two river reaches are protected by the key moveable beach is calculated. Furthermore, the inherent mechanism of channel improvement in daemon guided control engineering is verified. (6) A non-static pressure numerical model based on unstructured meshes for solving three-dimensional free surface flow is established. The flow structure and pressure distribution of two common spur dam structures under different working conditions are simulated in detail. The results show that the water flow structure and pressure distribution characteristics indicate that the dike head and the dam root are the main parts which are prone to water destruction, and the bottom spur dike structure is slightly better than the straight spur dike in waterproofing damage. (7) on the basis of the above work, Based on the summary of the regulation principles of the waterway regulation works carried out, the principles of systematic regulation of the Jingjiang reach, the concrete regulation principles of the upper and lower Jingjiang rivers, the principles of regulation of different types of shoals and the selection principles of different types of regulation buildings are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U617
，
本文編號：2196616
[Abstract]:Taking the Jingjiang reach in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River as the research object, this paper summarizes the characteristics of the new water and sediment after the water storage and application of the three Gorges Project by analyzing the incoming water and sediment data of the Jingjiang reach and the upper and lower boundary control hydrologic stations before and after the operation of the three Gorges Project. Based on the analysis of the evolution of the measured river bed, based on the plane two-dimensional water and sediment mathematical model, the evolution law and trend prediction of the river bed in the Jingjiang reach under the new water and sediment conditions are studied, and the adaptability of different types of regulation buildings in the process of water storage is fully studied. This paper mainly discusses the internal mechanism of realizing the target of waterway regulation in the daemon engineering, studies the situation of dike water destruction under the action of many factors, and puts forward the principles of waterway system regulation in Jingjiang reach on the basis of the above theoretical research. This paper mainly studies the following problems: (1) through analyzing the measured data of water and sediment in Yichang, Zhicheng, Shashi, Jianli and Hankou stations, the characteristics of new water and sediment in Jingjiang reach after the water storage and operation of the three Gorges Project are revealed. The operation of the three Gorges Reservoir levelles the discharge process, shortens the dry period and prolongs the middle water period, and after the operation of the three Gorges Reservoir, the annual sediment discharge of the three Gorges Reservoir is greatly reduced, which can almost be considered as the discharge of clean water. The annual sediment discharge from top to bottom in the hydrological stations in the lower reaches of the dam increases gradually, and the unsaturation decreases after the sediment is obtained from the riverbed along the river by "clear water" out of the reservoir. The sediment transport is recovered to some extent. (2) based on the analysis of the evolution law and channel condition of Jingjiang reach in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the relationship between the variation of water and sediment and the evolution of riverbed is revealed. On this basis, the evolution characteristics of shoal reach of sandy pebble reach, sandy straight type, curved type and branching type (including straight branch type, curved branching type) are summarized. (3) considering the correlation of upper and lower reaches, Based on the calculation of mathematical model, the evolution trend of the reach of Zhijiang ~ Jiangkou, Zhou Tian, lotus root stone mill and kiln supervision shoal is predicted, and on this basis, The evolution trend of different types of shoal reach under the condition of new water and sediment is summarized. (4) the adaptability analysis of water storage process is carried out in view of the obstruction of navigation in the process of water storage in the three Gorges. The adaptability and engineering effect of daemon engineering (weak engineering) and adjustment engineering (strong engineering) to the process of water storage after flood are simulated respectively. The daemon project has certain effect on the channel improvement, but in order to improve the waterway condition of the more sensitive section of the three Gorges reservoir after flood, it is necessary to adopt certain adjustment engineering. (5) the theory of river dynamics is used. This paper deduces the expression of the variation value of the depth of navigation before and after the channel under the regulation water level, and theoretically discusses the internal mechanism of realizing the target of waterway regulation by the guard control and guide engineering, and takes the estuary channel of lotus root pool and Taiping Kou River reach in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River as an example. The course of the variation of the depth after the two river reaches are protected by the key moveable beach is calculated. Furthermore, the inherent mechanism of channel improvement in daemon guided control engineering is verified. (6) A non-static pressure numerical model based on unstructured meshes for solving three-dimensional free surface flow is established. The flow structure and pressure distribution of two common spur dam structures under different working conditions are simulated in detail. The results show that the water flow structure and pressure distribution characteristics indicate that the dike head and the dam root are the main parts which are prone to water destruction, and the bottom spur dike structure is slightly better than the straight spur dike in waterproofing damage. (7) on the basis of the above work, Based on the summary of the regulation principles of the waterway regulation works carried out, the principles of systematic regulation of the Jingjiang reach, the concrete regulation principles of the upper and lower Jingjiang rivers, the principles of regulation of different types of shoals and the selection principles of different types of regulation buildings are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U617
，
本文編號：2196616
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