【摘要】：我國位于狹窄河谷的大型水利水電工程在泄洪方面的主要特點是高水頭、大流量、大泄洪功率，泄洪安全問題十分突出。高拱壩水墊塘作為防護下游河床的結(jié)構(gòu)，其自身在高速水流沖擊下的安全性是實現(xiàn)消能和防沖目的的關(guān)鍵所在，，國內(nèi)外都不乏破壞的實例。錦屏一級水電站屬于典型的高拱壩泄洪、挑跌流消能的布置型式，具有水頭高、泄量大、泄洪消能水力條件與水墊塘工作條件和破壞機理復雜的特點，而水墊塘泄洪消能安全問題是錦屏一級水電站運行安全的主要因素之一。本文結(jié)合高拱壩（主要為錦屏一級）水墊塘底板泄洪振動原型觀測資料，利用多種信號處理技術(shù)，研究了水墊塘底板在泄洪狀態(tài)下的振動特性，研究的主要內(nèi)容包括： （一）錦屏一級水墊塘動水壓力特性研究。結(jié)合錦屏一級水電站原型觀測成果、模型試驗成果，分析了錦屏一級水墊塘底板脈動壓力大小、分布規(guī)律，以及脈動壓力的頻域特性。 （二）錦屏一級水墊塘底板泄洪振動特性研究。結(jié)合錦屏一級水墊塘泄洪振動原型觀測資料，重點分析了不同運行工況下底板結(jié)構(gòu)振動響應的強度特征、振動過程變化特征，以及泄洪開孔方式、泄流量對底板振動強度的影響；應用現(xiàn)代譜估計方法，對底板的泄洪振動信號進行頻譜分析，研究了錦屏一級水墊塘底板泄洪振動的主頻分布規(guī)律；根據(jù)統(tǒng)計學原理，對錦屏一級水墊塘底板泄洪振動信號的數(shù)理統(tǒng)計特征進行了分析。 （三）高拱壩水墊塘底板泄洪振動特性研究。結(jié)合錦屏一級、拉西瓦、二灘和溪洛渡水墊塘泄洪振動原型觀測資料，應用現(xiàn)代譜分析方法和相關(guān)性分析方法，探討了高拱壩水墊塘底板振動的頻域特性及相關(guān)性特性。 （四）錦屏一級水墊塘泄洪振動響應數(shù)值模擬計算與安全監(jiān)控指標�；谟邢拊砗陀嬎惴椒�，在ANSYS中建立錦屏一級水墊塘底板的有限元模型，采用原型和模型試驗中實測的水流脈動荷載加載到有限元模型上，利用原型荷載計算的結(jié)果和實測的原型振動位移數(shù)據(jù)比對，驗證計算模型的可靠性，再對極限泄洪工況下底板的振動位移進行了動力響應數(shù)值模擬計算，并對計算結(jié)果進行了分析。最后，綜合原型觀測成果，結(jié)合模型試驗、數(shù)值模擬計算結(jié)果，并借鑒其它工程經(jīng)驗，提出了錦屏一級水墊塘底板各安全預警等級下各個監(jiān)測指標的范圍。
[Abstract]:The main characteristics of large water conservancy and hydropower projects in the narrow valley in China in flood discharge are high water head, large discharge, large flood discharge power and flood discharge safety problems. As the structure of protecting downstream riverbed, the safety of high arch dam water cushion pond under the impact of high speed water flow is the key to achieve the purpose of energy dissipation and erosion prevention, and there are many examples of destruction at home and abroad. The first stage hydropower station in Jinping is a typical high arch dam for flood discharge and energy dissipation. It has the characteristics of high head, large discharge, complex hydraulic conditions of flood discharge, working conditions and failure mechanism of water cushion pond. The safety of flood discharge and energy dissipation in water cushion pond is one of the main factors for the operation safety of Jinping I Hydropower Station. In this paper, the vibration characteristics of the bottom slab of a high arch dam (mainly Jinping 1) under flood discharge are studied by using various signal processing techniques. The main contents are as follows: (1) study on dynamic pressure characteristics of Jinping first class water cushion pond. Based on the prototype observation results and model test results of Jinping I Hydropower Station, the size, distribution law and frequency domain characteristics of fluctuating pressure on bottom plate of Jinping first stage water cushion pond are analyzed. (2) study on the characteristics of flood discharge vibration of the bottom plate of the first stage water cushion pond in Jinping. Based on the prototype observation data of flood discharge in Jinping primary water cushion pond, the intensity characteristics of vibration response of floor structure under different operating conditions, the variation characteristics of vibration process, and the opening mode of flood discharge are analyzed. The effect of discharge on the vibration intensity of bottom plate, the frequency spectrum analysis of flood discharge vibration signal of bottom plate by using modern spectrum estimation method, the main frequency distribution law of flood discharge vibration of bottom plate in Jinping first class water cushion pond are studied. The mathematical and statistical characteristics of flood discharge vibration signals of the bottom plate of the first stage cushion pond in Jinping are analyzed. (3) study on the characteristics of flood discharge vibration of bottom slab of water cushion pond of high arch dam. Based on the prototype observation data of flood discharge vibration of water cushion ponds in Jinping class, Laxiwa, Ertan and Xiluodu, the frequency domain and correlation characteristics of bottom vibration of water cushion ponds of high arch dams are discussed by using modern spectral analysis method and correlation analysis method. (4) numerical simulation calculation and safety monitoring index of flood discharge vibration response of Jinping water cushion pond. Based on the finite element principle and calculation method, the finite element model of the bottom plate of the first stage water cushion pond in Jinping is established in ANSYS. The flow pulsating load is loaded into the finite element model by using the prototype and the measured flow pulsation load in the model test. The reliability of the calculation model is verified by comparing the results of the prototype load calculation with the measured data of the prototype vibration displacement, and then the dynamic response numerical simulation of the vibration displacement of the bottom plate under the limit flood discharge condition is carried out. The calculation results are analyzed. Finally, based on the prototype observation results, combined with model tests, numerical simulation results and other engineering experiences, the range of monitoring indexes for each safety warning level of the bottom plate of the first stage cushion pond in Jinping is put forward.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV653

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張聲鳴,陳建;水墊塘底板穩(wěn)定研究[J];長江科學院院報;1997年03期

2 黃細彬,袁銀忠,王世夏;含沙摻氣高速水流壁面脈動壓力特性[J];河海大學學報;1997年05期

3 練繼建;彭文祥;馬斌;;官地水墊塘底板泄洪振動響應特性研究[J];南水北調(diào)與水利科技;2013年01期

4 張建民,楊永全,戴光清;高拱壩挑跌流泄洪消能水墊塘底板穩(wěn)定性研究[J];四川大學學報(工程科學版);2000年02期

5 孫建;張春財;豐小玲;郝秀玲;張發(fā)茂;;溪洛渡高拱壩反拱水墊塘與平底水墊塘流場的三維數(shù)值模擬比較[J];四川大學學報(工程科學版);2009年05期

6 崔莉,張廷芳;射流沖擊下護坦板塊失穩(wěn)機理的隨機分析[J];水動力學研究與進展(A輯);1992年02期

7 廖華勝，吳持恭，楊永全，許唯臨;水墊塘三元復雜紊流場試驗測試研究[J];水動力學研究與進展(A輯);1996年05期

8 潘德嘉,謝省宗;紊流邊界層壓力脈動作用下泄水建筑物的隨機振動分析[J];水力發(fā)電學報;1984年01期

9 楊弘;練繼建;馮永祥;王鋒輝;;高壩水墊塘泄洪安全實時監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)研究[J];水力發(fā)電學報;2008年03期

10 楊敏,彭新民,崔廣濤;水墊塘底板的試驗仿真模擬研究[J];水利水電技術(shù);2002年03期

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前3條

1 馬斌;高拱壩及反拱水墊塘結(jié)構(gòu)泄洪安全分析與模擬[D];天津大學;2007年

2 王繼敏;高壩消力塘防護結(jié)構(gòu)安全問題研究[D];天津大學;2007年

3 楊弘;高壩消力塘防護結(jié)構(gòu)耦合動力分析與健康診斷研究[D];天津大學;2008年

本文編號：2183894