【摘要】：利用水槽設(shè)計(jì)水庫(kù)分層水體模型試驗(yàn),研究溫度弱分層水體中不同入流泥沙粒徑組成時(shí)異重流及其泥沙運(yùn)動(dòng)的特性。選用顆粒粒徑0.01 mm、0.02 mm、0.05 mm的泥沙,開(kāi)展了不同入流泥沙粒徑組成條件下的異重流試驗(yàn)研究。在水溫弱分層水庫(kù)水體中,分析入流泥沙粒徑組成的變化對(duì)分離點(diǎn)水深和間層流厚度的影響規(guī)律;不同泥沙粒徑組成下,分析異重流在水庫(kù)斷面的泥沙濃度、較深的水域挾沙量變化規(guī)律;研究了泥沙沉淀量和懸浮量與入流泥沙粒徑組成的關(guān)系。研究結(jié)果表明:在弱分層條件下,維持入流泥沙濃度3.75 g/L、入流速度0.005 m/s不變,異重流在水庫(kù)中泥沙沉淀比例為29%~38%,泥沙在水庫(kù)中的懸浮比例為46%~60%;粒徑組成變化導(dǎo)致分離點(diǎn)深度和間層流厚度不同,顆粒粒徑越大,分離點(diǎn)深度越深,間層流厚度越厚;異重流挾沙能力弱,水庫(kù)淤積更嚴(yán)重,泥沙也會(huì)造成水庫(kù)水渾濁;入庫(kù)泥沙粒徑越小,水庫(kù)懸浮的泥沙濃度越大,水庫(kù)的內(nèi)源污染越大;當(dāng)入庫(kù)泥沙粒徑較小時(shí),宜在水庫(kù)深水區(qū)取水,可減少水處理費(fèi)用。研究成果可為水庫(kù)取水、調(diào)水調(diào)沙提供參考。
[Abstract]:Based on the model test of stratified water in a reservoir designed by a flume, the characteristics of density flow and sediment movement under different particle size components of sediment in a weakly stratified water body with temperature are studied. Using the sediment with particle diameter of 0.01 mm or 0.02 mm to 0.05 mm, the experimental study on the density flow was carried out under the conditions of different particle size components of incoming sediment. In the water body of weakly stratified reservoir with water temperature, the influence of sediment particle size composition on water depth and interlaminar flow thickness at separation point is analyzed, and the sediment concentration of gravity current in reservoir section is analyzed under different sediment particle size composition. The relationship between sediment sedimentation amount and suspended amount and particle size composition of incoming sediment was studied. The results show that under the condition of weak stratification, the inlet sediment concentration is maintained at 3.75 g / L, and the inflow velocity is kept unchanged at 0.005 m / s. The sediment precipitation ratio of gravity current in reservoir is 29 / 38 and the suspended ratio of sediment in reservoir is 4660. The change of particle size composition leads to the difference of separation point depth and interlaminar flow thickness. The larger the particle size is, the deeper the separation point depth is and the thicker the interlaminar flow thickness is. The sediment concentration of the reservoir is smaller, the concentration of sediment suspended in the reservoir is larger, and the internal pollution of the reservoir is greater; when the sediment size is small, the sediment size of the reservoir is smaller. It is advisable to collect water in the deep water area of the reservoir and reduce the cost of water treatment. The research results can provide a reference for the reservoir to collect water and to transfer water and sediment.
【作者單位】： 西安建筑科技大學(xué)環(huán)境與市政工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(51278404) 陜西省科技統(tǒng)籌創(chuàng)新工程計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2015KTCL03-15)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TV145

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