【摘要】：城市河網(wǎng)的基本任務(wù)是防洪和排澇,而隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,人們逐漸關(guān)注水體是否健康,希望采用相應(yīng)措施,使水體流動起來,提高河流水體自凈能力,達(dá)到改善水環(huán)境的目的。本文研究區(qū)域蘇州古城區(qū)位于平原河網(wǎng)地區(qū),由于河流比降小、流速緩慢、水動力條件差、流動無序,導(dǎo)致日常運行管理中存在著調(diào)控難度大、效果不佳的問題。所以,如何充分利用現(xiàn)有工程設(shè)施,提高泵站引排活水的效率,優(yōu)化自流活水方案,具有十分重要的意義。 本文首先對古城區(qū)的河網(wǎng)水流進(jìn)行了原型觀測。在多種泵站抽排工況下,觀測了古城區(qū)內(nèi)部河道及環(huán)城河71個斷面的水位、流量值,對河網(wǎng)主要河道進(jìn)行了糙率率定。率定的糙率基本符合各河道形態(tài)、駁岸材料、粗糙程度。 在此基礎(chǔ)上,采用Saint-Venant方程組,建立了蘇州古城區(qū)河網(wǎng)非恒定流數(shù)學(xué)模型,運用Preissmann四點加權(quán)隱格式,對方程組進(jìn)行時間和空間離散,采用雙松弛迭代法求解河網(wǎng)非恒定流。利用原型觀測資料,對數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行率定和驗證。經(jīng)過9種泵閘運行工況的河網(wǎng)非恒定流模擬驗證,選取的51個典型觀測點的水位相對誤差大小平均值基本在2%以內(nèi),表明該模型具有較高的精度。 利用上述建立的數(shù)學(xué)模型,對16種泵站引排活水方案和3種自流活水方案的河網(wǎng)水流進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬。以河網(wǎng)平均流速、死水河段總長度、水泵開機總功率等作為優(yōu)化指標(biāo),對各種活水方案進(jìn)行比選,分別獲得了泵站引排活水和自流活水的優(yōu)化方案。 本文的研究成果,已應(yīng)用于蘇州古城區(qū)活水調(diào)度管理,改變了以往憑經(jīng)驗選定調(diào)度方案的運行方式,提升了河道管理技術(shù)水平。
[Abstract]:The basic task of urban river network is flood control and drainage. With the rapid development of economy, people pay more and more attention to whether the water body is healthy or not, and hope to adopt corresponding measures to make the water body flow and improve the self-purification ability of the river water body. To improve the water environment. In this paper, the ancient urban area of Suzhou is located in the plain river network area. Due to the low river ratio, slow flow velocity, poor hydrodynamic condition and disordered flow, there are many problems in daily operation management, such as difficulty of regulation and poor effect. Therefore, it is of great significance to make full use of existing engineering facilities, improve the efficiency of pumping station diversion and discharge, and optimize the scheme of self-flowing active water. In this paper, the prototype observation of the river network flow in the ancient urban area is carried out. Under the pumping and drainage conditions of various pumping stations, the water level and discharge value of 71 sections of the inner channel and the Huancheng River are observed, and the roughness of the main river channels in the river network is determined. The roughness of the rate is basically in accordance with the shape of each channel, the barge material, and the degree of roughness. On this basis, using Saint-Venant equations, the mathematical model of unsteady flow in Suzhou ancient urban area is established. By using Preissmann four-point weighted implicit scheme, the equations are discretized in time and space, and the double-relaxation iterative method is used to solve the unsteady flow of river network. Based on the prototype observation data, the mathematical model is verified by rate determination and verification. Through the simulation of unsteady flow in river network of 9 pump sluice operation conditions, the average relative error of the selected 51 typical observation points is within 2%, which indicates that the model has high accuracy. Based on the above established mathematical model, the flow in river network of 16 pumping station diversion and drainage schemes and 3 self-flowing active water schemes are numerically simulated. Taking the average flow velocity of the river network, the total length of the dead water reach and the total power of the pump start-up as the optimization indexes, the optimum schemes of the pumping station to draw and drain the active water and the self-flowing active water are obtained respectively by comparing and selecting the various active water schemes. The research results of this paper have been applied to the operation and management of active water in Suzhou ancient urban area, which has changed the operation mode of the previous operation scheme selected by experience, and improved the technical level of river course management.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV85;TU99

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