發(fā)布時間：2018-08-01 18:19

【摘要】：滲濾取水技術越來越多的應用于生活用水和工農業(yè)經濟發(fā)展用水。新疆滲濾取水工程近幾年應用的也越來越多。新疆是典型的內陸干旱區(qū)，水資源嚴重缺乏，并且新疆河流屬山溪性河流，泥沙含量較大，受季節(jié)影響大，常出現(xiàn)枯流或是斷流情況，在北疆地區(qū)冬季河流常常出現(xiàn)“透底凍”現(xiàn)象，因此，在新疆建設滲濾取水工程和內地其他地區(qū)既有共性又有區(qū)別，為了更好的研究總結適合新疆地區(qū)滲濾取水工程應用的相關問題，作者通過查閱文獻和實地調研對滲濾取水濾床淤塞防治與防凍措施進行了研究與總結。 本文通過查閱大量文獻，結合新疆南北疆工程實例，闡述了滲濾取水天然濾層與人工反濾層的工藝原理，研究分析了產生淤塞的機理以及冰凍對滲濾取水的影響，，結合新疆本地氣候與河流特性等地域特征，研究梳理了解決滲濾取水條件下，濾床淤塞、寒區(qū)河流“透底凍”等相關問題。得出如下結論： 對于濾床淤塞防治措施分為：1、預防措施主要是在：(1)工程選址；(2)滲濾速度的控制；(3)修建雍水堤提高濾床表層水流速；(4)工程設計；(5)施工控制等方面進行控制。2、清淤措施：（1）濾床表面清洗：①利用高壓水流沖刷；②機械清淤；③生物化學法清淤。（2）濾層內部的淤塞處理：采用高壓氣、水反沖洗處理。 對于冰凍基本上以預防為主。主要是在工程選址上要選擇潛含水厚度與面積都較大的區(qū)域，工程建設在當?shù)貎錾钜韵聟^(qū)域；另外，對于不斷流的河道，采取修建雍水堤，抬高河道水位，增加水動力條件，提高水流流速，既防止河道結冰又預防濾床表面淤塞。
[Abstract]:Leachate water technology is more and more used in domestic water and industrial and agricultural economic development. Xinjiang leachate project has been applied more and more in recent years. Xinjiang is a typical inland arid region with a serious shortage of water resources. Moreover, Xinjiang rivers belong to mountain rivers, which have a large sediment content and are heavily affected by seasons. The phenomenon of "percolation and freezing" often occurs in winter rivers in northern Xinjiang. Therefore, the construction of leachate projects in Xinjiang is not only common but also different from that of other inland areas. In order to better study and summarize the relevant problems suitable for the application of leachate water in Xinjiang area, the author studied and summarized the prevention and treatment of leachate bed silt and anti-freezing measures by consulting the literature and investigating on the spot. Through consulting a large number of documents and combining with the engineering examples of Xinjiang, this paper expounds the technological principle of natural filter and artificial filter, studies and analyzes the mechanism of silting and the influence of freezing on leachate. Based on the regional characteristics of local climate and river characteristics in Xinjiang, the problems related to filtration bed blockage and "percolation freezing" of rivers in cold region are studied and combed out under the condition of leachate and water intake. The conclusions are as follows: the prevention and treatment measures for silt blockage of filter bed are divided into 1: 1. The main preventive measures are as follows: (1) site selection; (2) control of infiltration rate; (3) construction of uvula embankment to increase the flow rate of surface water of filter bed; (4) design of the project; (5) the construction control. 2. The measures of silt cleaning: (1) cleaning the surface of filter bed by high pressure water flow to wash the silt; (2) silting inside the filter layer by biochemical method; (2) silting treatment inside the filter layer: using high pressure gas and water backwashing. For freezing, the main prevention is basically. It is mainly to select the area where the depth and area of the submersible water are large in the site selection of the project, and the project is built in the area below the local freezing depth. In addition, for the uninterrupted river course, it is necessary to build the Yongshui embankment, raise the river water level, and increase the hydrodynamic condition. Increase the flow velocity, both prevent channel ice and prevent filter bed surface silt.
【學位授予單位】：新疆農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV67

【共引文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 劉宗鑫;基于MODFLOW的庫爾勒二期水源地數(shù)值模擬研究[D];新疆農業(yè)大學;2014年

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