【摘要】：本文基于設(shè)計(jì)合理的流體差異旋轉(zhuǎn)慣性加速度試驗(yàn)裝置，以試驗(yàn)中的示蹤劑顆粒為研究對(duì)象，通過(guò)系列室內(nèi)物理試驗(yàn)，測(cè)量并計(jì)算了流體微團(tuán)的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度及旋轉(zhuǎn)角速度等一系列詳細(xì)參數(shù)，，并結(jié)合理論分析，證明流體微團(tuán)自身存在差異旋轉(zhuǎn)現(xiàn)象，并進(jìn)一步從差異旋轉(zhuǎn)慣性力的角度解釋了彎道水流或排沙漏斗的懸移質(zhì)分離現(xiàn)象，主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)論如下： （1）通過(guò)物理模型試驗(yàn)及分析，得出了流體質(zhì)點(diǎn)自身存在差異旋轉(zhuǎn)的結(jié)論，并且流體質(zhì)點(diǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)既不是自由渦也不是強(qiáng)迫渦，它更不屬于蘭金渦與二次流。 （2）通過(guò)力學(xué)計(jì)算并結(jié)合理論分析得出，靠近水面的流體質(zhì)點(diǎn)在運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，只受離心力與差異旋轉(zhuǎn)慣性力作用，此時(shí)離心加速度隨質(zhì)點(diǎn)開始向遠(yuǎn)離中心的位置運(yùn)動(dòng)而增大，向中心聚攏時(shí)減��；差異旋轉(zhuǎn)慣性加速度隨質(zhì)點(diǎn)向遠(yuǎn)離中心的位置運(yùn)動(dòng)而增大，當(dāng)向中心聚攏時(shí)運(yùn)動(dòng)方向與離心加速度相反，絕對(duì)值增大，到質(zhì)點(diǎn)趨于靜止時(shí)減小。 （3）當(dāng)流體質(zhì)點(diǎn)向遠(yuǎn)離中心的位置擴(kuò)散時(shí)，離心加速度與差異旋轉(zhuǎn)慣性加速度方向相同，質(zhì)點(diǎn)做離心運(yùn)動(dòng)。當(dāng)向中心聚攏時(shí)，若差異旋轉(zhuǎn)慣性加速度的絕對(duì)值小于離心加速度，質(zhì)點(diǎn)做離心運(yùn)動(dòng)；反之，若絕對(duì)值大于離心加速度，則做向心運(yùn)動(dòng)。 （4）通過(guò)對(duì)排沙漏斗模型試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行力學(xué)計(jì)算，得出流體質(zhì)點(diǎn)在排沙漏斗的各徑向斷面同一水平高度上，隨著半徑的增大，差異旋轉(zhuǎn)慣性加速度的絕對(duì)值也不斷增大，離心加速度則逐步減小，其差異旋轉(zhuǎn)慣性加速度與離心加速度之比不斷加大。 （5）根據(jù)以上結(jié)論對(duì)排沙漏斗工程中的水沙分離機(jī)理進(jìn)行理論分析，得出在排沙漏斗中懸移質(zhì)泥沙正是在負(fù)差異旋轉(zhuǎn)加速度的作用下向中心排沙底孔作向心運(yùn)動(dòng)，即漏斗內(nèi)的懸移質(zhì)泥沙是由于向心慣性力的作用而運(yùn)動(dòng)至中心底孔被迅速排走。
[Abstract]:Based on the reasonable design of fluid differential rotation inertial acceleration test device, the tracer particles in the test are taken as the research object, and a series of indoor physical tests are carried out. A series of detailed parameters, such as velocity of motion and angular velocity of rotation, are measured and calculated. Furthermore, the phenomenon of suspended mass separation in bend flow or hourglass bucket is explained from the angle of differential rotational inertia force. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) through physical model test and analysis, It is concluded that the fluid particle has its own differential rotation, and the motion of the fluid particle is neither a free vortex nor a forced vortex, and it does not belong to the orchid vortex or the secondary flow. (2) through mechanical calculation and theoretical analysis, it is concluded that the motion of the fluid particle is neither a free vortex nor a forced vortex. (2) through mechanical calculation and theoretical analysis, The fluid particle near the water surface is only affected by the centrifugal force and the differential rotational inertia force, and the centrifugal acceleration increases with the particle moving away from the center and decreases when the particle moves toward the center. The differential rotational inertial acceleration increases with the particle moving away from the center. When the center is closed, the direction of motion is opposite to the centrifugal acceleration, and the absolute value increases. (3) when the particle diffuses away from the center, the centrifugal acceleration is the same as the differential rotational inertial acceleration, and the particle moves in a centrifugal motion. If the absolute value of the differential rotational inertia acceleration is less than that of the centrifugal acceleration, the particle moves in a centrifugal motion when the center is closed; conversely, if the absolute value is greater than the centrifugal acceleration, (4) through the mechanical calculation of the model test data of sand discharge funnel, it is concluded that the fluid particle is at the same horizontal height of each radial section of the funnel with the increase of radius. The absolute value of differential rotation inertial acceleration is also increasing, while the centrifugal acceleration is gradually decreasing. The ratio of differential rotational inertial acceleration to centrifugal acceleration is increasing. (5) based on the above conclusions, the mechanism of water and sediment separation in sediment discharge funnel engineering is theoretically analyzed. It is concluded that the suspended sediment in the funnel is moving to the center bottom hole under the negative differential rotation acceleration, that is, the suspended sediment in the funnel moves to the center bottom hole because of the action of the concentric inertia force.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV149

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