【摘要】：目前在水庫(kù)大壩物探勘查方法中電法勘探主要采用的是高密度電法,但其施工效率和探測(cè)分辨率仍可以提高。本次研究采用并行電法技術(shù)對(duì)水庫(kù)大壩滲漏病害進(jìn)行模擬測(cè)試,在正演模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)及室內(nèi)物理模型實(shí)驗(yàn)中分別設(shè)置了6種不同類型的滲漏形式,采用AM和ABM兩種方法采集和處理從而獲得壩體在不同含水率的條件下并行電法對(duì)滲漏的探測(cè)敏感性及分辨率,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明： (1)土體電阻率與其含水率有很大關(guān)系。土體較干燥時(shí),其電阻率較大,隨著土體含水率的增大,其電阻率隨之逐漸減�。划�(dāng)含水率減小到一定值時(shí),其電阻率值下降速率突然增大；當(dāng)電阻率降低到一定值后,電阻率值減小速率變小,最終達(dá)到一較小的穩(wěn)定值。 (2)土壩壩體中不同異常體的電性特征表現(xiàn)各異,受異常體空間范圍的影響,其分辨程度也有所不同。模型中對(duì)于大尺寸異常體的電性反應(yīng)效果明顯,其分辨能力強(qiáng),而對(duì)于小尺寸異常體的分辨效果相對(duì)較差。 (3)從室內(nèi)數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果和物理模擬結(jié)果均表明,AM法在數(shù)據(jù)反演后得到的圖像能較好的反映出模型設(shè)置的滲漏通道的位置,以實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果作為依據(jù)將并行電法用于實(shí)際水庫(kù)探測(cè)中,取得了良好的探測(cè)效果。 (4)本次研究認(rèn)為相對(duì)于背景電阻率,局部的低于背景值一倍以上的低阻區(qū)(50～100Ω·m或更小)可能與填筑料質(zhì)量差、壩體裂縫等因素引起的滲漏相關(guān)。 通過(guò)數(shù)值仿真、室內(nèi)模型及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)試的綜合研究,獲得了一些背景電阻率與異常區(qū)電阻率的特征,初步確定了水庫(kù)壩體滲漏電性參數(shù)判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn),為目標(biāo)異常定量解釋提供相對(duì)可靠的依據(jù)。為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)探測(cè)和結(jié)果解釋提供了一個(gè)參照。
[Abstract]:At present, the high density electric method is mainly used in the exploration method of reservoir dam geophysical exploration, but its construction efficiency and detection resolution can still be improved. In this study, parallel electric method was used to simulate and test dam leakage disease. Six different types of seepage were set up in forward simulation experiment and indoor physical model experiment. The sensitivity and resolution of the parallel electrical method for detecting leakage under different water content are obtained by means of AM and ABM. The experimental results show that: (1) the resistivity of soil is closely related to the water content of the dam. When the soil is dry, the resistivity of the soil is larger, with the increase of the water content of the soil, the resistivity decreases gradually; when the water content decreases to a certain value, the decrease rate of the resistivity value increases suddenly; when the resistivity decreases to a certain value, the resistivity decreases to a certain value. The resistivity value decreases and finally reaches a small stable value. (2) the electrical characteristics of different abnormal bodies in the earth dam body are different and the resolution degree is different due to the influence of the space range of the abnormal body. In the model, the effect of electrical reaction on large size abnormal body is obvious, and its resolution ability is strong. But the resolution effect of the small abnormal body is relatively poor. (3) from the indoor numerical simulation results and the physical simulation results, it is shown that the image obtained from the inversion of the data can reflect the location of the leakage channel set up by the model. Based on the experimental results, the parallel electrical method is applied to the actual reservoir detection, and good detection results are obtained. (4) in this study, relative to the background resistivity, The local low resistance area (50 ~ 100 惟 m or less), which is more than one time below the background value, may be related to the leakage caused by the poor quality of the filling material and the cracks in the dam body. Through numerical simulation, laboratory model and field test, some characteristics of background resistivity and abnormal area resistivity are obtained, and the criteria for determining leakage electrical parameters of reservoir dam body are preliminarily determined. It provides a relatively reliable basis for quantitative interpretation of target anomalies. It provides a reference for field detection and interpretation of results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV697.2;P631.3

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