【摘要】：自從意大利瓦依昂水庫庫岸邊坡垮塌的慘劇發(fā)生以后,庫水位變化影響條件下的邊坡穩(wěn)定性的研究開始引起極大關(guān)注,目前在這一課題上已有大量的學(xué)術(shù)成果,包括實驗研究與計算理論研究,就計算理論方面而言,目前研究的焦點主要集中在了強度折減法在庫岸邊坡穩(wěn)定性的計算問題上,現(xiàn)已有大量文獻(xiàn)對這一方法進(jìn)行研究但仍存在一些的問題有待解決,例如,滲流場與應(yīng)力場的耦合計算,強度折減法的破壞判據(jù)缺少定量化的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對于非飽和土滲流特性對庫岸邊坡穩(wěn)定性影響的研究較少,針對以上問題,本文進(jìn)行了以下幾方面的研究： 1、闡述了多孔介質(zhì)中流固耦合原理。闡述了有限元強度折減法的原理,對其破壞判據(jù)進(jìn)行了討論,并針對庫水位變化條件下的邊坡穩(wěn)定性計算提出了一種新的破壞判據(jù),使得破壞的臨界條件得以量化； 2、通過對ABAQUS通用有限元軟件進(jìn)行二次開發(fā),實現(xiàn)了庫水位隨時間變化的邊界條件,在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了有庫水位變化的均質(zhì)土邊坡模型。當(dāng)認(rèn)為土體非飽和區(qū)滲透系數(shù)不隨含水量變化時,針對這一模型分析了當(dāng)庫水位以1m每天的速度下降時不同飽和滲透率對邊坡內(nèi)部浸潤線位置以及相應(yīng)安全系數(shù)的影響； 3、采用了Fredlund和Xing提出的估算方法對非飽和的土水特征曲線、以及其相應(yīng)的非飽和滲透系數(shù)進(jìn)行估算,并分析了該估算方法中三個參數(shù)對土水特征曲線以及非飽和土滲透系數(shù)的影響。另外,還將這一非飽和土估算方法計算得到的參數(shù)應(yīng)用于庫岸邊坡有限元模型,實現(xiàn)了對庫水位下降條件下非飽和非穩(wěn)定滲流邊坡的模擬,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了這三個參數(shù)對庫水位下降過程中浸潤面以及安全系數(shù)的影響。并通過這一分析與飽和滲透率的影響分析進(jìn)行對比； 4、采用研究得到的非飽和非穩(wěn)定滲流模型對沙子寨水庫除險加固工程進(jìn)行了有限元計算分析與設(shè)計。根據(jù)規(guī)范要求對該水庫大壩的滲流穩(wěn)定性和整體抗滑穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了復(fù)核,同時對規(guī)范要求的工況進(jìn)行了擴展,分析水庫大壩在不同降速條件下的滲流穩(wěn)定性和整體抗滑穩(wěn)定性。介紹了土石壩滲流加固的常用工程方法,并選擇了適用于該工程的方案。對加固后的壩體建立了相應(yīng)的有限元模型,并分析了其在規(guī)范要求工況下和不同水位下降速度條件下的滲流穩(wěn)定性和整體抗滑穩(wěn)定性。圖65幅,表6個,參考文獻(xiàn)80篇。
[Abstract]:Since the tragic collapse of the bank slope of the Wainen Reservoir in Italy, the study of slope stability under the influence of reservoir water level changes has aroused great concern. At present, a large number of academic achievements have been made on this subject. Including experimental research and computational theory research, in terms of computational theory, the focus of current research is mainly on the calculation of the stability of the slope along the bank of the reservoir by the strength reduction method. However, there are still some problems to be solved. For example, the coupling calculation of seepage field and stress field, the failure criterion of strength reduction method is lack of quantitative measurement standard. There is little research on the influence of unsaturated soil seepage characteristics on the stability of reservoir bank slope. In view of the above problems, the following aspects have been studied in this paper: 1. The principle of fluid-solid coupling in porous media is expounded. This paper expounds the principle of the finite element strength reduction method, discusses its failure criterion, and puts forward a new failure criterion for the calculation of slope stability under the condition of changing reservoir water level, which makes the critical condition of failure quantificational. 2. Through the secondary development of Abaqus universal finite element software, the boundary condition of reservoir water level changing with time is realized, and the homogeneous soil slope model with reservoir water level variation is established. When it is considered that the permeability coefficient of unsaturated soil does not change with the water content, the influence of different saturated permeability on the position of the slope internal infiltration line and the corresponding safety factor is analyzed when the reservoir water level drops at a speed of 1m per day. 3. Using Fredlund and Xing's estimation method, the unsaturated soil water characteristic curve and its corresponding unsaturated permeability coefficient are estimated. The influence of three parameters on soil water characteristic curve and permeability coefficient of unsaturated soil is analyzed. In addition, the parameters obtained by the estimation method of unsaturated soil are applied to the finite element model of reservoir bank slope, and the simulation of unsaturated seepage slope under the condition of falling reservoir water level is realized. On this basis, the influence of these three parameters on the infiltration surface and safety factor of the reservoir water level is analyzed. This analysis is compared with the analysis of the effect of saturated permeability. (4) finite element analysis and design are carried out for the reinforcement project of Shazhai reservoir by using the unsaturated unsteady seepage model. According to the requirements of the code, the seepage stability and the overall anti-slide stability of the dam are reviewed, and the working conditions required by the code are extended to analyze the seepage stability and the overall anti-slide stability of the reservoir dam under different speed reduction conditions. This paper introduces the common engineering methods for seepage reinforcement of earth-rock dams, and selects the scheme suitable for this project. The finite element model of the strengthened dam is established, and the seepage stability and the overall anti-slide stability of the dam are analyzed under the condition of the code requirement and the different water level falling velocity. There are 65 pictures, 6 tables and 80 references.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV223.4

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