【摘要】：水流的流速水頭是重要的水力參數(shù),可一定程度上反映水流的能量。為研究臺階溢洪道過流斷面流速水頭的沿程變化規(guī)律,將其與同體型的光滑溢洪道流速水頭進(jìn)行對比,引入相對流速水頭的概念。通過對26.6°、33.7°、38.7°、48.0°四組坡度,0.5、1.0、2.0 m三種臺階高度的臺階式溢洪道,在單寬流量17.25~62.18 m2/s之間進(jìn)行模型試驗(yàn)研究。結(jié)果表明臺階的流速水頭沿程呈現(xiàn)曲線規(guī)律,關(guān)系復(fù)雜不便應(yīng)用;而非均勻流段上相對流速水頭與流程長度呈現(xiàn)良好的線性遞增關(guān)系,相關(guān)系數(shù)R2為0.994 8~0.998 8。臺階部分對水流的阻礙效果隨單寬流量的減小增大,而與臺階高度、坡度呈遞增關(guān)系,其中坡度的影響最顯著。試驗(yàn)證實(shí)了引入相對流速水頭的必要性,為臺階溢洪道水力特性的研究提供了依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The flow velocity head is an important hydraulic parameter, which can reflect the flow energy to some extent. In order to study the variation rule of flow velocity head of step spillway cross section, the concept of relative velocity head is introduced by comparing it with the same shape smooth spillway velocity head. In this paper, four groups of stepped spillway with three kinds of step height of 26.6 擄/ 33.7 擄/ 38.7 擄/ 48.0 擄are studied in the single wide flow rate of 17.25 ~ 62.18 m ~ (2 / s). The results show that the velocity head of the step presents the curve law, the relation is complex and inconvenient to be applied, but the relative velocity head and the flow length of the non-uniform flow section show a good linear increasing relation, the correlation coefficient R ~ 2 is 0.994 ~ (80.998) 898 8, the correlation coefficient R ~ (2) is 0.994 ~ 0. 998 8. The hindrance effect of the step part to the flow increases with the decrease of the single wide flow rate, but it is increasing with the step height and the slope, among which the influence of the slope is the most significant. The experiment proves the necessity of introducing the relative velocity head and provides the basis for the study of the hydraulic characteristics of step spillway.
【作者單位】： 西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)水利與建筑工程學(xué)院;
【分類號】：TV135.2

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