涼水河河道治理工程的科學(xué)管理研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-13 13:45
【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，政府財(cái)力不斷增強(qiáng)，政府投資的建設(shè)項(xiàng)目快速增加，已成為當(dāng)前推動(dòng)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要力量。盡管政府投資的工程項(xiàng)目具有較大的社會(huì)效益，但是一些政府投資工程存在前期準(zhǔn)備工作不到位、不重視前期工作，違反工程建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的基本程序，行政干預(yù)較多，工程造價(jià)高、浪費(fèi)嚴(yán)重等問題。因此，對(duì)政府投資項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行科學(xué)統(tǒng)籌和管理，具有重要意義。 通過工業(yè)工程課程的學(xué)習(xí)，結(jié)合運(yùn)籌學(xué)、系統(tǒng)工程方面的理論，在參考管理理論專業(yè)學(xué)者在管理政府投資工程方面成果的基礎(chǔ)上，本文結(jié)合根據(jù)政府投資工程項(xiàng)目存在的問題和經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)的特點(diǎn)，結(jié)合作者對(duì)政府投資工程的體會(huì)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，總結(jié)出對(duì)工程項(xiàng)目科學(xué)的、可行的管理模式。 長期以來政府工程項(xiàng)目把主要精力集中在施工階段，以及項(xiàng)目完成后的資金審核上，而普遍忽視工程的前期論證和決策。工程項(xiàng)目的前期論證是項(xiàng)目的起點(diǎn)，關(guān)系項(xiàng)目的成敗，并且這一階段的投資約占工程總投資額的0.5~3%，但是影響總投資的可能性為35~95%。充分地研究論證，多方征求專家、學(xué)者意見，對(duì)合理配置資源、保障項(xiàng)目順利實(shí)施具有重要意義。政府工程受行政干預(yù)較多，前期論證比較草率，前期階段投入的資金和人力少，時(shí)間短，缺乏專業(yè)的、細(xì)致的基礎(chǔ)工作，有些工程甚至邊設(shè)計(jì)、邊報(bào)批、邊施工，也就是通常所說的“三邊工程”。而工程上馬后，由于前期準(zhǔn)備不充分，施工方案往往不合理，造成工程項(xiàng)目工期延誤或者投資大、效益低，甚至造成工程無法實(shí)施，成為“爛尾工程”。由此造成的政府投資損失和浪費(fèi)十分驚人。 對(duì)工程項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行科學(xué)管理，首先應(yīng)重視項(xiàng)目的前期論證。在前期論證階段一方面，要控制工程投資、杜絕資源浪費(fèi)；另一方面，論證工程是否可行，避免工程隱患，必要時(shí)增加投資，確保工程不至于“爛尾”或留下重大隱患，造成更大損失。其次，注重政府部門之間的協(xié)調(diào)與協(xié)作，在工程論證期間，務(wù)必向規(guī)劃、環(huán)保、水務(wù)、安全、國土、發(fā)改委等部門進(jìn)行意見咨詢，確保工程建設(shè)和手續(xù)符合相關(guān)的政策與法規(guī)。第三，對(duì)工程中的關(guān)鍵問題，要予以高度重視，集中力量、充分論證，務(wù)必找出最優(yōu)的解決辦法。在論證過程中要廣泛征求專家學(xué)者的意見，加強(qiáng)與大專院校、科研院所、設(shè)計(jì)單位的合作以彌補(bǔ)政府部門在某些專業(yè)領(lǐng)域的缺陷，為工程項(xiàng)目提供專業(yè)的、科學(xué)的分析與論證。 涼水河是北京經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)內(nèi)最主要的河流，其水源主要是流域內(nèi)污水處理廠排水和城市生活污水。涼水河開發(fā)區(qū)段，河道淤積嚴(yán)重，水質(zhì)較差。隨著開發(fā)區(qū)及周邊地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，涼水河沿岸陸續(xù)建成了制藥企業(yè)、工業(yè)園區(qū)、辦公區(qū)、醫(yī)院和居民小區(qū)。為了改善涼水河的面貌，2009年起，開發(fā)區(qū)管委會(huì)投入資金對(duì)榮昌西街至馬駒橋段針對(duì)涼水河存在的問題進(jìn)行了綜合治理。 該工程中河道淤泥的處置是難點(diǎn)問題，北京經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)有大量生產(chǎn)企業(yè)，所排放的工業(yè)廢水中可能含有銅、砷、汞等重金屬。治理河段河道淤泥估算量約15萬噸，對(duì)這些可能含有重金屬的淤泥，最常用的處理辦法是進(jìn)行衛(wèi)生填埋，淤泥的處置費(fèi)用將十分高昂，而運(yùn)輸過程中的遺撒會(huì)造成二次污染，產(chǎn)生新的環(huán)境和社會(huì)問題。 得益于開發(fā)區(qū)系統(tǒng)的、科學(xué)的管理，生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的重金屬污染物得到了有效控制，實(shí)際經(jīng)過污水處理廠排入涼水河的重金屬污染物極少。建設(shè)單位通過詳細(xì)地調(diào)查研究，并委托專業(yè)檢測(cè)機(jī)構(gòu)（CNAS）對(duì)涼水河、新鳳河的河道底質(zhì)進(jìn)行了檢測(cè)，檢測(cè)結(jié)果也顯示，涼水河開發(fā)區(qū)段河道淤泥中重金屬含量較低。建設(shè)單位就調(diào)查和檢測(cè)結(jié)果，廣泛征求了環(huán)保、水務(wù)、土壤、農(nóng)業(yè)、園林綠化等各相關(guān)專業(yè)專家學(xué)者的意見，并召開了專家評(píng)審會(huì)，專家學(xué)者們一致認(rèn)為調(diào)查和監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果詳盡可靠，可以作為工程項(xiàng)目的決策依據(jù)。 由于涼水河開發(fā)區(qū)段河道淤泥受到的污染較輕，重金屬污染物濃度滿足《農(nóng)用污泥中污染物控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB4284-84），可以作為綠化肥料使用。在優(yōu)化方案中，工程施工過程中清理的淤泥，在河道沿線土地整治和綠化工程中，就地利用。施工方案經(jīng)過優(yōu)化后，避免了河道淤泥清運(yùn)產(chǎn)生的二次污染，而且河道淤泥治理的估算投資費(fèi)用由13950萬元減少到900萬元，大大節(jié)約了工程費(fèi)用。 結(jié)合涼水河榮昌西街至馬駒橋段治理工程實(shí)例，，說明如何在前期論證階段，如何收集資料、征求專家和學(xué)者意見，為工程決策提供可靠的依據(jù)。這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)、方法對(duì)類似工程具有一定借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our economy and the increasing government financial resources , the rapid increase of the construction projects of government investment has become an important force to promote the social and economic development .
Based on the study of industrial engineering course , combined with the theory of operational research and system engineering , this paper combines with the problems existing in government investment project and the characteristics of economic and technological development zone , and summarizes the practical and feasible management mode of engineering project based on the problems existing in government investment project and the characteristics of economic and technological development zone .
For a long time , government projects focus on the construction phase and the fund audit after the completion of the project , but generally neglect the preliminary demonstration and decision - making of the project . The preliminary demonstration of the project is the starting point of the project , the success or failure of the relationship project , and the investment in this stage accounts for 0.5 -3 % of the total investment amount of the project .
Scientific management of the project should first focus on the preliminary demonstration of the project . In the early stage of the demonstration stage , the project investment should be controlled and the waste of resources should be avoided ;
On the other hand , demonstrate the feasibility of the project , avoid the hidden dangers of the project , increase investment when necessary , and ensure that the project is not " rotten " or leave a major hidden danger , resulting in greater losses . In the course of the demonstration , it is important to pay great attention to the planning , environmental protection , water affairs , security , land and change commission . Third , it is important to focus on the planning , environmental protection , water affairs , security , land and development and reform commission to ensure that the engineering construction and formalities conform to the relevant policies and regulations . In the demonstration process , it is important to pay great attention to the problems in the project , strengthen cooperation with colleges and universities , scientific research institutes and design units , and provide professional and scientific analysis and demonstration for the engineering projects .
The Liangshuihe River is the most important river in Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone , and its water source is mainly the drainage of sewage treatment plant in the river basin and municipal domestic sewage . With the rapid development of the economic development in the development zone and the surrounding area , pharmaceutical enterprises , industrial parks , office areas , hospitals and residential areas have been built along the coast of the Liangshuihe River . In order to improve the landscape of the Liangshuihe River , the management committee of the Development Zone has invested funds to comprehensively treat the problems existing in the Liangshuihe River from Rongchang West Street to Ma Chau Bridge .
The disposal of river sludge in the project is a difficult problem , and the Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone has a large number of production enterprises , and the discharged industrial waste water may contain heavy metals such as copper , arsenic , mercury and the like . The sewage sludge in the river section is estimated to be about 150,000 tons , and the most common treatment method is to carry out sanitary landfill , and the disposal cost of the sludge is very high , and the sediment in the transportation process can cause secondary pollution and generate new environmental and social problems .
Based on the scientific management of the development zone system and the effective control of heavy metal pollutants from the production enterprises , the heavy metal pollutant discharged into the Liangshuihe River by the sewage treatment plant is very little . The construction unit has also shown that the heavy metal content in the river mud in the river silt in the development zone of Liangshuihe development zone is low . The construction unit has widely sought the opinions of experts and scholars of various relevant professional experts , such as environmental protection , water affairs , soil , agriculture , garden greening and the like , and convened an expert evaluation meeting . The experts and scholars agree that the investigation and monitoring results are detailed and reliable , and can be used as the decision basis for the project .
In the optimization scheme , the sludge discharged from the process of engineering construction can be used as greening fertilizer . In the optimization scheme , the silt accumulated during the construction process can be used as greening fertilizer . After the optimization of the construction scheme , the secondary pollution caused by the dredging operation of the river channel is avoided , and the estimated investment cost of the river sludge treatment is reduced to CNY 9 million by CNY 13,950 million , which greatly saves the engineering cost .
Combined with the example of the control project of Liangshuihe Rongchang West Street and Ma Qiao Bridge Section , how to collect the data , solicit opinions from experts and scholars , and provide reliable basis for engineering decision - making in the early stage of demonstration . These experiences and methods have certain reference significance for similar projects .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TV85
本文編號(hào)：2119574
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our economy and the increasing government financial resources , the rapid increase of the construction projects of government investment has become an important force to promote the social and economic development .
Based on the study of industrial engineering course , combined with the theory of operational research and system engineering , this paper combines with the problems existing in government investment project and the characteristics of economic and technological development zone , and summarizes the practical and feasible management mode of engineering project based on the problems existing in government investment project and the characteristics of economic and technological development zone .
For a long time , government projects focus on the construction phase and the fund audit after the completion of the project , but generally neglect the preliminary demonstration and decision - making of the project . The preliminary demonstration of the project is the starting point of the project , the success or failure of the relationship project , and the investment in this stage accounts for 0.5 -3 % of the total investment amount of the project .
Scientific management of the project should first focus on the preliminary demonstration of the project . In the early stage of the demonstration stage , the project investment should be controlled and the waste of resources should be avoided ;
On the other hand , demonstrate the feasibility of the project , avoid the hidden dangers of the project , increase investment when necessary , and ensure that the project is not " rotten " or leave a major hidden danger , resulting in greater losses . In the course of the demonstration , it is important to pay great attention to the planning , environmental protection , water affairs , security , land and change commission . Third , it is important to focus on the planning , environmental protection , water affairs , security , land and development and reform commission to ensure that the engineering construction and formalities conform to the relevant policies and regulations . In the demonstration process , it is important to pay great attention to the problems in the project , strengthen cooperation with colleges and universities , scientific research institutes and design units , and provide professional and scientific analysis and demonstration for the engineering projects .
The Liangshuihe River is the most important river in Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone , and its water source is mainly the drainage of sewage treatment plant in the river basin and municipal domestic sewage . With the rapid development of the economic development in the development zone and the surrounding area , pharmaceutical enterprises , industrial parks , office areas , hospitals and residential areas have been built along the coast of the Liangshuihe River . In order to improve the landscape of the Liangshuihe River , the management committee of the Development Zone has invested funds to comprehensively treat the problems existing in the Liangshuihe River from Rongchang West Street to Ma Chau Bridge .
The disposal of river sludge in the project is a difficult problem , and the Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone has a large number of production enterprises , and the discharged industrial waste water may contain heavy metals such as copper , arsenic , mercury and the like . The sewage sludge in the river section is estimated to be about 150,000 tons , and the most common treatment method is to carry out sanitary landfill , and the disposal cost of the sludge is very high , and the sediment in the transportation process can cause secondary pollution and generate new environmental and social problems .
Based on the scientific management of the development zone system and the effective control of heavy metal pollutants from the production enterprises , the heavy metal pollutant discharged into the Liangshuihe River by the sewage treatment plant is very little . The construction unit has also shown that the heavy metal content in the river mud in the river silt in the development zone of Liangshuihe development zone is low . The construction unit has widely sought the opinions of experts and scholars of various relevant professional experts , such as environmental protection , water affairs , soil , agriculture , garden greening and the like , and convened an expert evaluation meeting . The experts and scholars agree that the investigation and monitoring results are detailed and reliable , and can be used as the decision basis for the project .
In the optimization scheme , the sludge discharged from the process of engineering construction can be used as greening fertilizer . In the optimization scheme , the silt accumulated during the construction process can be used as greening fertilizer . After the optimization of the construction scheme , the secondary pollution caused by the dredging operation of the river channel is avoided , and the estimated investment cost of the river sludge treatment is reduced to CNY 9 million by CNY 13,950 million , which greatly saves the engineering cost .
Combined with the example of the control project of Liangshuihe Rongchang West Street and Ma Qiao Bridge Section , how to collect the data , solicit opinions from experts and scholars , and provide reliable basis for engineering decision - making in the early stage of demonstration . These experiences and methods have certain reference significance for similar projects .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TV85
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
1 劉增桂;;政府投資項(xiàng)目管理存在的問題及防范對(duì)策的思考[J];特區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì);2007年08期
2 湯玉苓;;議城市河道治理中的生態(tài)景觀設(shè)計(jì)[J];水利建設(shè)與管理;2013年08期
3 范宗偉;;公路工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理探討[J];交通建設(shè)與管理;2014年18期
本文編號(hào)：2119574
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/shuiwenshuili/2119574.html
最近更新
教材專著
