本文選題：反拱底板水閘 + 有限元　； 參考：《揚(yáng)州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：水閘底板結(jié)構(gòu)形式分為筏式底板(即平底板)和反拱底板,相比之下筏式底板在平原地區(qū)使用較為廣泛,其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,施工方便,但造價(jià)高。然而反拱底板利用拱內(nèi)應(yīng)力主要是軸向力,充分利用混凝土的抗壓特性,與筏式閘底板相比大大降低了工程造價(jià)。但由于反拱底板屬于超靜定結(jié)構(gòu),很容易受溫度、位移等因素的影響而使反拱底板受拉。 本文重點(diǎn)討論邊荷載、底板厚度、矢跨比、施工順序、多孔等因素對(duì)反拱底板內(nèi)力的影響。經(jīng)分析得出結(jié)論為：(1)閘墩墻后填土應(yīng)綜合考慮采用合適的填土高度,可以明顯改善反拱底板內(nèi)力分布;(2)經(jīng)分析底板厚度取跨度的1/10～1/12較宜,底板太厚將產(chǎn)生較大的不均勻沉降,太薄剛度又無(wú)法滿足要求；(3)經(jīng)計(jì)算矢跨比控制在1/6～1/16較宜,矢跨比不能過大,太大將導(dǎo)致底板拉應(yīng)力過大,從而出現(xiàn)底板拉裂滲漏問題；(4)施工順序?qū)Φ装鍛?yīng)力影響最大,合理的施工順序?qū)?huì)大大改善底板應(yīng)力,建議先澆筑閘墩待沉降部分位移后再澆筑底板,這樣可以明顯降低底板沉降量值；(5)在一定程度上多閘孔水閘使得反拱底板應(yīng)力均勻化,邊孔雖然仍然比中孔應(yīng)力大,但明顯有所緩解。 其次通過計(jì)算不同工況,對(duì)反拱底板水閘內(nèi)力變化進(jìn)行分析認(rèn)為完建期和上下游水位差較大的工況對(duì)底板內(nèi)力影響最大,因此關(guān)于反拱底板水閘設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)重視此兩種工況。 鑒于反拱底板極容易受拉,本文采用交通橋與閘墩整體澆筑和設(shè)置肋板措施改善底板受力。經(jīng)分析認(rèn)為：通過增設(shè)交通橋?qū)吙椎墓澳_及底板底部應(yīng)力有所改善,對(duì)底板的迎水面很不利；通過增設(shè)肋板對(duì)于反拱底板迎水面的應(yīng)力改善起到重要的作用。
[Abstract]:The structure of sluice bottom is divided into raft floor (flat bottom) and reverse arch bottom, compared with raft floor, which is widely used in plain area, its advantages are simple structure, convenient construction, but high cost. However, the reverse arch floor uses the axial force of the arch stress, and makes full use of the compressive characteristics of concrete, which greatly reduces the engineering cost compared with the raft gate floor. However, the reverse arch floor is a statically indeterminate structure, which is easily affected by temperature, displacement and other factors. In this paper, the influence of side load, floor thickness, rise-span ratio, construction sequence and perforation on the internal force of the reverse arch floor is discussed. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the internal force distribution of the reverse arch floor can be obviously improved by taking appropriate fill height into account, and (2) the thickness of the bottom slab should be calculated to be 1 / 10 / 1 / 12 of the span. If the base plate is too thick, it will result in a large uneven settlement, too thin stiffness and can not meet the requirements; (3) it is more appropriate to control the ratio of rise-to-span ratio at 1 / 6 / 1 / 16, and the ratio of rise-to-span ratio should not be too large, which will result in the tensile stress of the bottom plate being too large. As a result, there is the problem of floor crack and leakage. (4) the construction sequence has the greatest influence on the stress of the bottom plate, and the reasonable construction sequence will greatly improve the stress of the bottom slab. It is suggested that the pier should be poured before pouring the floor slab after the settlement part of the pier is displaced. This can obviously reduce the settlement value of the bottom plate; (5) to a certain extent, the multi-gate sluice makes the stress of the reverse arch bottom plate uniform, and the side hole is still larger than the mid-hole stress, but obviously alleviates. Secondly, through the calculation of different working conditions, the variation of internal force of the inverted arch bottom sluice is analyzed. It is concluded that the conditions of the completion of the construction period and the large water level difference between the upstream and downstream have the greatest influence on the internal force of the bottom plate. Therefore, the design of the inverted arch floor sluice should pay attention to these two conditions. In view of the fact that the reverse arch floor is very easy to be pulled, the traffic bridge and pier are built as a whole and the ribbed slab is set up to improve the stress on the floor. The analysis shows that the stress of arch foot and bottom of bottom plate is improved by adding traffic bridge to the side hole, which is very disadvantageous to the water surface of bottom slab, and it plays an important role in improving the stress of reverse arch bottom slab by adding ribbed slab to the water surface.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV66

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