本文選題：水庫浸沒 + 影響因素　； 參考：《沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：水庫具有防洪、發(fā)電、灌溉、供水、水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖等功能,但是,當(dāng)水庫正式投入運(yùn)行后,隨著水庫蓄水水位的不斷升高,地下水位受到頂托而升高,水庫周邊浸沒災(zāi)害現(xiàn)象凸顯。因土壤物理性質(zhì)、地下水位變化等原因,浸沒災(zāi)害區(qū)域內(nèi)的植物生長將受到影響,開始萎蔫甚至死亡,而建筑的地基也會遭到破壞。本研究以石佛寺水庫周邊浸沒區(qū)域為研究對象,綜合分析了該區(qū)域浸沒的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理,初步劃定了浸沒邊界。利用地下水模擬軟件,建立了研究區(qū)地下水?dāng)?shù)值模型,預(yù)測了不同蓄水位下的地下水位變化情況。通過建立的浸沒危害評價體系,結(jié)合灰色聚類評估模型,對研究區(qū)域內(nèi)的浸沒災(zāi)害進(jìn)行綜合評價。該體系納入了多種評價指標(biāo),增強(qiáng)了評價結(jié)果的客觀性,進(jìn)而為今后浸沒區(qū)域的治理提供了合理依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)利用水尺觀測拉馬河水位變化,對水庫蓄水位和河道水位進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析,可知水庫蓄水產(chǎn)生的回水現(xiàn)象對拉馬河水位影響明顯,為浸沒產(chǎn)生的原因之一;通過對河道兩岸浸沒區(qū)域進(jìn)行土樣采集,分析土壤含水率變化,可知地形對浸沒程度產(chǎn)生影響;分析浸沒區(qū)地下水位與其影響因素的相關(guān)性,得出相關(guān)性由大到小的排列順序:蓄水位空氣溫度降雨量蒸發(fā)量風(fēng)速。以上對研究區(qū)域浸沒現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行的分析,可為水庫浸沒評價體系的建立及浸沒評價提供參考依據(jù)。(2)通過三維地下水模擬軟件,利用由石佛寺水庫工程地質(zhì)剖面圖所提取的研究區(qū)域鉆孔數(shù)據(jù)和插值法生成的虛擬鉆孔數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)建研究區(qū)域三維地質(zhì)模型,對其進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格剖分后導(dǎo)入土壤數(shù)據(jù)參數(shù),形成地下水?dāng)?shù)值模型,經(jīng)過校核修正后用于計算不同水庫蓄水水位下的浸沒區(qū)地下水位,依據(jù)浸沒判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn),可知當(dāng)蓄水水位為正常蓄水位46.2m時,研究區(qū)域內(nèi)嚴(yán)重浸沒范圍占到研究區(qū)域總面積的85%以上,浸沒災(zāi)害嚴(yán)重。同時,計算所得水位數(shù)據(jù)可用作浸沒區(qū)綜合評價參數(shù)資料。(3)針對浸沒評價因素單一的問題,本研究將多種影響作物生長的相關(guān)因素(含水率、天然孔隙比、飽和度等)作為評價指標(biāo),針對每種因素制定量化的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),依據(jù)層次分析法建立浸沒評價指標(biāo)體系,結(jié)合白化權(quán)函數(shù)灰色評估法進(jìn)行浸沒區(qū)浸沒危害程度評價。根據(jù)評價結(jié)果可知,浸沒區(qū)域浸沒危害情況嚴(yán)重,該區(qū)域的土壤并不適宜作物種植。評價結(jié)果可為浸沒區(qū)的合理賠償及治理提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The reservoir has the functions of flood control, power generation, irrigation, water supply, aquaculture and so on. However, when the reservoir is put into operation, with the increasing of the reservoir water level, the groundwater level is increased by the top support, and the phenomenon of immersion disaster around the reservoir is prominent. Because of the physical properties of soil and the change of groundwater level, the plant growth in the disaster zone will be affected, wilting and even dying, and the foundation of the building will be destroyed. In this study, the immersion area around Shifosi reservoir is taken as the research object, the mechanism of the immersion in the area is analyzed synthetically, and the immersion boundary is preliminarily delineated. By using groundwater simulation software, a numerical model of groundwater in the study area is established, and the variation of groundwater level under different water levels is predicted. The comprehensive evaluation of the immersion hazards in the study area was carried out by using the established immersion hazard assessment system and the grey cluster evaluation model. The system includes a variety of evaluation indexes, enhances the objectivity of evaluation results, and provides a reasonable basis for the future governance of submerged areas. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) using the water ruler to observe the Lama river level change, the correlation analysis of the reservoir water level and the river water level is carried out, it is known that the backwater phenomenon produced by the reservoir impoundment has obvious influence on the Lama river level, which is one of the reasons for the immersion; Through the collection of soil samples on both sides of the river channel, the variation of soil moisture content is analyzed, and the influence of topography on the degree of immersion is found, and the correlation between groundwater level and its influencing factors in the submerged area is analyzed. The order of correlation from large to small is: air temperature, precipitation, evaporation, wind speed. The above analysis of the present situation of immersion in the study area can provide a reference for the establishment and evaluation of reservoir immersion evaluation system. (2) through three-dimensional groundwater simulation software, The 3D geological model of the study area was constructed by using the borehole data extracted from the engineering geological profile of Shifosi reservoir and the virtual borehole data generated by interpolation method. A numerical model of groundwater is formed, which is used to calculate the groundwater level of the submerged area under the water level of different reservoirs after checking and revising. According to the criterion of submergence, it is known that when the water level is 46.2m, More than 85% of the total area in the study area is seriously submerged, and the disaster is serious. At the same time, the calculated water level data can be used as the comprehensive evaluation parameter data of the submerged area. (3) aiming at the problem of single factor of immersion evaluation, this study studies on the related factors (water content, natural void ratio) that affect the growth of crops. As an evaluation index, aiming at each factor, the quantitative standard was established, and the evaluation index system of immersion was established according to AHP, and the degree of immersion hazard was evaluated by grey evaluation method of whitening weight function. According to the evaluation results, the submergence damage in the submerged area is serious, and the soil in the area is not suitable for crop cultivation. The evaluation results can provide the basis for the reasonable compensation and management of the submerged area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV698

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