本文選題：圣維南方程 + 泵站事故停機(jī)�。� 參考：《北方工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：山西省中部引黃工程是山西省"十二五規(guī)劃"大水網(wǎng)建設(shè)中一項(xiàng)重要的工程,主要是為了解決山西省水資源不平衡造成的發(fā)展不平衡。工程從黃河上游的天橋水庫取水,通過泵站提水后,將水資源以明渠、隧洞,倒虹吸、暗涵等形式送到供水地區(qū)。取水工程包含天橋水庫取水的輸水隧洞后和隧洞后的提水泵站工程,輸水工程則是開敞式輸水系統(tǒng),特點(diǎn)是具有強(qiáng)大的輸水能力,明渠中的非恒定流大部分是由于閘門的開啟和關(guān)閉等人為因素所導(dǎo)致,為了滿足現(xiàn)實(shí)輸水的需求,需要進(jìn)行水力過渡過程計(jì)算,確定系統(tǒng)非恒定流時水位、流量、流速、水深等水力要素沿流程和隨時間的變化規(guī)律。在長距離輸水運(yùn)行控制中進(jìn)行非恒定流水力學(xué)數(shù)值模擬仿真,分析過渡過程中水力要素的特性,對輸水系統(tǒng)和設(shè)備選型和維護(hù)都具有重大意義。本論文主要研究中部引黃取水工程泵站的水力過渡過程和輸水工程中明渠中水位和流量的過渡過程,具體研究如下:(1)研究引黃工程的取水工程,著重研究了泵站事故停機(jī)是泵后閥門首端和進(jìn)水口壓力過大的問題,采用特征線法,建立了泵站水錘的過渡過程計(jì)算模型。同時結(jié)合工程概況,建立了泵站出口球閥的兩階段的整定模型,模型以降低泵后閥門首端和進(jìn)水口壓力為目標(biāo)函數(shù),以球閥兩階段的快關(guān)角度和慢關(guān)時間為整定變量,加上相對應(yīng)的約束條件,對兩階段關(guān)閥進(jìn)行初步的整定,確定目標(biāo)函數(shù)的極小值,然后縮小整定的步長,進(jìn)一步整定。整定結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)6s快關(guān)72°,17s慢關(guān)18°時,泵后閥門首端壓力為345.33m,進(jìn)水口壓力為88.0m,此時泵站機(jī)組的最大倒轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)速為額定轉(zhuǎn)速的1.04倍,為最佳組合結(jié)果。(2)研究引黃工程的輸水工程1)首先研究了單維明渠的過渡過程,從機(jī)理出發(fā)求解的渠道非恒定流的圣維南偏微分方程,編寫程序得到邊界條件變化引起的的流量和水位變化的數(shù)據(jù),將這些數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入系統(tǒng)辨識工具箱,辨識出傳遞函數(shù)可作為渠段模型;同時將渠道對象進(jìn)行建模,運(yùn)用辨識的渠段傳遞函數(shù)搭建出渠道模型的控制圖,調(diào)節(jié)控制參數(shù)得到相對應(yīng)的水位變化值。2)其次研究了多維明渠,從機(jī)理出發(fā)渠道運(yùn)用圣維南方程,結(jié)合分水口分水和閘門的流量共同組成渠道運(yùn)行控制的數(shù)學(xué)模型,接著將這個數(shù)學(xué)模型轉(zhuǎn)換成狀態(tài)空間模型,首先運(yùn)用單個MPC控制器進(jìn)行整體控制得到對應(yīng)的仿真結(jié)果。但是對于渠道大矩陣用單個的控制器去控制會產(chǎn)生較大的誤差,不利于調(diào)節(jié)控制器的開度的缺點(diǎn),使用分散預(yù)測控制對于大矩陣的渠道先按照控制器的個數(shù)進(jìn)行分散,運(yùn)用完全分散(DMPC)理論和集中式(CMPC)分散理論進(jìn)行對應(yīng)的控制,得到相對較好的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:The Yellow River diversion Project in the central part of Shanxi Province is an important project in the construction of the flood network in the 12th Five-Year Plan of Shanxi Province, which is mainly aimed at solving the development imbalance caused by the imbalance of water resources in Shanxi Province. The project takes water from Tianqiao Reservoir in the upper reaches of the Yellow River and carries water through pumping station to the water supply area in the form of open channel, tunnel, inverted siphon, hidden culvert and so on. The water intake project includes the pumping station behind the tunnel and behind the tunnel for water intake from Tianqiao Reservoir, and the open water conveyance system is used in the water conveyance project, which is characterized by a strong water conveyance capacity. Most of the unsteady flow in the open channel is caused by human factors such as the opening and closing of the gate. In order to meet the demand of the real water conveyance, the hydraulic transition process should be calculated to determine the water level, flow rate and velocity of the unsteady flow in the system. The variation of hydraulic factors such as water depth along the process and with time. The numerical simulation of unsteady flow mechanics in long distance water conveyance operation control and the analysis of the characteristics of hydraulic elements in the transition process are of great significance to the selection and maintenance of water conveyance system and equipment. This paper mainly studies the hydraulic transition process of the pumping station and the transition process of water level and discharge in the open channel of the central Yellow River diversion Project. The specific research is as follows: (1) the water intake project of the Yellow River diversion Project is studied. This paper focuses on the problem that the accident shutdown of pump station is the problem of excessive pressure at the first end of the valve and inlet at the back of the pump. The calculation model of the transient process of the water hammer in the pump station is established by using the characteristic line method. At the same time, combined with the general situation of the project, the two-stage setting model of the ball valve at the outlet of the pump station is established. The objective function of the model is to reduce the pressure at the head and inlet of the valve at the back of the pump, and the setting variables are the quick closing angle and the slow closing time of the two stages of the ball valve. With the corresponding constraint conditions, the two-stage shutoff valve is preliminarily tuned to determine the minimum value of the objective function, and then the step size of the setting is reduced to further set. The setting results show that the pressure at the first end of the valve is 345.33 m and the inlet pressure is 88.0 m when the 6s fast closing 72 擄/ 17s slow closing 18 擄, and the maximum reverse rotation speed of the pump station unit is 1.04 times of the rated speed. For the best combination result. (2) study the water conveyance project of the Yellow River diversion Project 1) first study the transition process of the single dimensional open channel and solve the Saint-Venant partial differential equation of the unsteady flow in the channel from the mechanism. The data of the change of discharge and water level caused by the change of boundary conditions are obtained, and the data are imported into the identification toolbox of the system to identify that the transfer function can be used as the model of the channel segment, and at the same time, the canal object is modeled. The control chart of the canal model is built by using the identified channel transfer function, and the corresponding water level change value is obtained by adjusting the control parameters. Secondly, the multi-dimensional open channel is studied. The mathematical model of channel operation control is formed by combining the flow of water splitter and sluice gate. Then the mathematical model is transformed into a state space model and the corresponding simulation results are obtained by using a single MPC controller to control the whole system. However, the large channel matrix can be controlled by a single controller, which is not conducive to adjusting the opening of the controller. The channel of large matrix is dispersed according to the number of controllers by using decentralized predictive control. The theory of complete dispersion (DMPC) and the theory of centralized dispersion (CMPC) are used to control the problem and better results are obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP273;TP391.9;TV67

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