本文選題：景觀格局 + 產(chǎn)沙��； 參考：《生態(tài)學(xué)報》2017年07期

【摘要】：以灤河流域為研究區(qū)域,基于SWAT模型模擬1976—2012年灤河流域的水沙過程,分析2000年京津風(fēng)沙源治理項目實施前后流域產(chǎn)水產(chǎn)沙時空格局變化;研究1980—2010年流域景觀格局變化特征,揭示景觀格局變化的水沙響應(yīng);應(yīng)用Spearman相關(guān)分析法分析流域景觀格局變化對水沙過程的影響。結(jié)果表明:與20世紀(jì)80年代相比,2010年流域林地和建設(shè)用地增加,其他用地類型減小;流域景觀集中程度提高、連通性變優(yōu)、優(yōu)勢斑塊顯著、形狀趨于規(guī)則、多樣性減少、破碎化程度降低、景觀類型向非均衡方向發(fā)展;流域年均地表徑流減少9mm,產(chǎn)水量增加5.44mm,產(chǎn)沙減小1.59t/hm~2;地表徑流減少區(qū)域占全流域89.32%,產(chǎn)水量增加區(qū)域占76.71%,產(chǎn)沙量減少區(qū)域占93.89%;地表徑流、產(chǎn)水、產(chǎn)沙與林地面積呈負(fù)相關(guān),產(chǎn)水與草地面積呈正相關(guān),地表徑流、產(chǎn)沙與農(nóng)業(yè)用地面積呈正相關(guān);地表徑流、產(chǎn)水、產(chǎn)沙與景觀形狀、Shannon′s均勻度、景觀分離度呈正相關(guān),與蔓延度、最大斑塊指數(shù)呈負(fù)相關(guān);產(chǎn)水、產(chǎn)沙與斑塊密度和Shannon′s多樣性指數(shù)呈正相關(guān);工程治理后,流域年均徑流量與產(chǎn)沙量顯著下降,產(chǎn)水產(chǎn)沙高值區(qū)顯著縮小,產(chǎn)沙關(guān)鍵區(qū)域仍需治理。
[Abstract]:Based on SWAT model, the water and sediment processes in Luanhe River Basin from 1976 to 2012 were simulated, and the spatial and temporal patterns of sediment production were analyzed before and after the implementation of Beijing and Tianjin sandstorm source control project in 2000. The characteristics of watershed landscape pattern change from 1980 to 2010 were studied to reveal the response of water and sediment to landscape pattern change, and Spearman correlation analysis method was used to analyze the influence of watershed landscape pattern change on water and sediment process. The results showed that compared with the 1980s, the woodland and construction land in the watershed increased in 2010, the other land types decreased, the landscape concentration increased, the connectivity became better, the dominant patch became significant, the shape tended to be regular, and the diversity decreased. The degree of fragmentation is reduced, and the landscape type develops in the direction of disequilibrium; The average annual surface runoff decreased by 9 mm, water yield increased by 5.44 mm, sediment yield decreased by 1.59 t / hm ~ (-2), area of surface runoff decreased by 89.32, water yield increased by 76.71 mm, sediment yield decreased by 93.89 mm, surface runoff, water yield and sediment yield were negatively correlated with forest land area. Water yield was positively correlated with grassland area, surface runoff and sediment yield were positively correlated with agricultural land area, surface runoff, water yield, sediment yield and landscape shape were positively correlated with Shannons evenness, landscape separation degree, and spread degree. The maximum patch index was negatively correlated, the water yield and sediment yield were positively correlated with the patch density and Shannons diversity index, the average annual runoff and sediment yield decreased significantly after engineering treatment, and the high value area of aquatic sediment production decreased significantly. Key areas of sediment production still need to be managed.
【作者單位】： 南開大學(xué)環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院環(huán)境污染過程與基準(zhǔn)教育部重點實驗室水環(huán)境數(shù)值模擬研究室天津市城市生態(tài)環(huán)境修復(fù)與污染防治重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(51079068) 天津市科技支撐計劃重點項目(09ZCGYSF00400) 天津市應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)與前沿技術(shù)研究計劃(15JCYBJC22500)
【分類號】：P901;P333

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