本文選題：水工混凝土 + 鹽凍　； 參考：《華北水利水電大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：水工混凝土材料遭受凍融循環(huán)作用和鹽離子的侵蝕破壞已經(jīng)成為我國西北灌區(qū)水工混凝土材料耐久性能衰減的主要因素,嚴重影響這些區(qū)域水利工程安全和效益的發(fā)揮。針對西北寒旱灌區(qū)水工建筑物承受鹽離子侵蝕和凍融循環(huán)破壞導致混凝土耐久性衰減等問題,依托河南省科技創(chuàng)新杰出人才計劃“基于侵蝕凍融復合作用的水工混凝土結構耐久性衰減規(guī)律研究”和華北水利水電大學研究生創(chuàng)新教育計劃(YK2015-01)項目,通過對西北典型灌區(qū)——景電灌區(qū)水工混凝土材料遭受的侵蝕環(huán)境進行調(diào)查,分析遭受侵蝕破壞混凝土建筑物附近的水樣、土樣和混凝土殘渣,進行化學和XRD衍射分析,明確混凝土材料的主要侵蝕介質(zhì)。設計混凝土快速凍融室內(nèi)加速試驗,以質(zhì)量損失和動彈性模量的變化作為耐久性指標,探究不同水膠比、不同粉煤灰摻量、不同引氣劑摻量的混凝土,在清水、3.5%NaCl溶液、5%2 4Na SO溶液、3.5%NaCl+5%2 4Na SO復合溶液侵蝕作用下水工混凝土材料的耐久性衰減損傷過程與機理。同時結合室內(nèi)加速試驗所測得的材料參數(shù),建立景電灌區(qū)出水塔結構的ANSYS有限元模型進行數(shù)值模擬分析,探究鹽凍作用前后出水塔結構在自重、風壓力、人群荷載和地震荷載等不同工況作用下的靜態(tài)和動態(tài)分析。得出如下結論:(1)摻加適量引氣劑的低水膠比混凝土具有良好的抗鹽凍耐久性能,摻加粉煤灰混凝土在抗凍要求地區(qū)需采取一定的抗凍措施。(2)在凍融循環(huán)作用下不同侵蝕溶液對混凝土的抗鹽凍耐久性能具有不同的影響,各種侵蝕介質(zhì)對混凝土質(zhì)量的影響程度由強到弱依次為3.5%NaCl+5%2 4Na SO3.5%NaCl5%2 4Na SO清水;對混凝土的動彈性模量影響由強到弱依次為:3.5%NaCl+5%2 4Na SO5%2 4Na SO3.5%NaCl清水。(3)通過對出水塔結構進行ANSYS有限元模擬分析,出水塔結構的頂部和混凝土柱體與基礎接觸的部位是最容易受損傷破壞的部位,在鹽凍侵蝕作用下動力荷載對出水塔結構影響大于靜荷載對出水塔結構的影響。通過結合我國西北景電灌區(qū)對混凝土抗鹽凍性能影響的研究,可以為類似工程提供一定的參考價值,對預防和治理西北寒旱灌區(qū)混凝土結構受侵蝕退化問題,延長混凝土結構使用壽命,推動我國西北干旱灌區(qū)經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,維護西北地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境安全具有重要的意義。
[Abstract]:The freezing and thawing cycles of hydraulic concrete materials and the erosion and destruction of salt ions have become the main factors of durability attenuation of hydraulic concrete materials in northwest irrigation area of China, which seriously affect the safety and benefit of water conservancy projects in these areas. In view of the problems of concrete durability attenuation caused by salt ion erosion and freeze-thaw cycle damage in hydraulic structures in the cold and dry irrigation area of northwest China, Relying on the outstanding talents program of scientific and technological innovation in Henan Province, "study on durability attenuation law of hydraulic concrete structure based on the composite effect of erosion, freeze-thaw" and YK2015-01, the postgraduate innovative education plan of North China University of Water Conservancy and Hydropower, By investigating the erosion environment of hydraulic concrete materials in typical irrigation area of Northwest China, the paper analyzes the water samples, soil samples and concrete residues near the damaged concrete buildings, and carries out chemical and XRD diffraction analysis. Define the main erosive medium of concrete material. The indoor accelerated test of rapid freeze-thaw of concrete was designed. The change of mass loss and dynamic elastic modulus was taken as the durability index to explore the concrete with different water binder ratio, different fly ash content and different air entraining agent content. The damage process and mechanism of durability attenuation of hydraulic concrete under the erosion of NaCl 3.5and 2 4Na so solution are studied in the presence of 3. 5% NaCl solution and 3. 5% NaCl solution and 5. 5% NaCl solution respectively. At the same time, the ANSYS finite element model of water tower structure in Jingdian Irrigation area is established and analyzed by using the material parameters measured by indoor accelerated test, and the self-weight and wind pressure of water tower structure before and after salt freezing are explored. Static and dynamic analysis of crowd load and seismic load under different working conditions. The conclusion is as follows: (1) the low water binder ratio concrete mixed with proper amount of air entraining agent has good durability against salt freezing. The concrete with fly ash should take some anti-freezing measures in the area of freezing resistance. (2) under the action of freeze-thaw cycle, different erosive solutions have different effects on the durability of concrete against salt freezing. The degree of influence of various erosive media on the quality of concrete is 3.5%NaCl 52 4Na SO3.5%NaCl5%2 4Na so water. The influence of dynamic modulus of elasticity of concrete from strong to weak is: 3.5NaCl and 2 4Na SO5%2 4Na SO3.5%NaCl clear water. Through the ANSYS finite element analysis of the water tower structure, the dynamic elastic modulus of concrete is analyzed by ANSYS finite element method. The top of the water tower structure and the contact part between concrete column and foundation are the most vulnerable parts. The dynamic load has more influence on the water tower structure than static load on the water tower structure under the action of salt frozen erosion. Based on the study of the effect of Jingdian irrigation area on the salt and freezing resistance of concrete in Northwest China, it can provide some reference value for similar projects, and it can prevent and control the erosion and degradation of concrete structure in the cold and dry irrigation area of Northwest China. It is of great significance to prolong the service life of concrete structure, to promote the sustainable development of the economy of arid irrigation area in northwest China, and to maintain the ecological environment safety in Northwest China.
【學位授予單位】：華北水利水電大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV431

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