本文選題：巖爆 + 時效變形��； 參考：《大連理工大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：伴隨著社會和經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,越來越多的地下空間被開發(fā)利用,地下工程也逐漸具有了“大、長、深、群”等特點,因此地下工程中遇到了更多的深部巖石力學問題,其中尤以巖爆最為突出。巖爆過程大都具有突發(fā)性、猛烈性,而滯后型巖爆往往要在開挖結(jié)束后,還要經(jīng)過一段滯后時間才發(fā)生。它可以使人們覺得巖爆危險已不存在,過早進入作業(yè)區(qū)而遭遇危險,國內(nèi)外很多地下工程中的巖爆都有滯后現(xiàn)象,已經(jīng)受到地下工程學者普遍關(guān)注,但是至今為止對其形成機理都沒形成統(tǒng)一的認識。 本文以深埋巖體隧洞圍巖的時效變形誘發(fā)滯后型巖爆這一關(guān)鍵科學問題為核心,依托錦屏二級水電站引水隧洞微震監(jiān)測項目,深入研究工程實際中滯后型巖爆的孕育特征,將微震監(jiān)測技術(shù)用于水電站深埋巖體隧洞巖爆預測預警,分析隧洞圍巖在蠕變過程中的微破裂前兆及其時空演化規(guī)律,探討滯后型巖爆的監(jiān)測預警方法；基于損傷力學,利用有限元數(shù)值分析方法RFPA2D (Realistic Failure Process Analysis)成功再現(xiàn)了滯后型巖爆的圍巖時效變形誘發(fā)過程,研究了滯后型巖爆時效變形誘發(fā)機理,為深埋巖體隧洞中的滯后型巖爆理論研究、監(jiān)測預警探索新思路。本文主要研究結(jié)果如下： 1.隧洞埋深大、地應(yīng)力高的地方,巖爆、滯后型巖爆發(fā)生頻率較高,并且?guī)r爆烈度也相對較高,掌子面附近是巖爆高發(fā)地段； 2.地質(zhì)構(gòu)造對滯后型巖爆有著控制作用。特別是軟硬巖互層的位置和向斜構(gòu)造核部,是強烈?guī)r爆和滯后型巖爆的高發(fā)地段； 3.圍巖流變損傷積累,微破裂萌生、發(fā)展、貫通,并形成宏觀裂紋,是滯后型巖爆的孕育過程,也是巖爆滯后發(fā)生的重要原因； 4.大量的微震信息對于巖爆具有明顯的時間優(yōu)先性和空間一致性,這是微震監(jiān)測技術(shù)用于巖體隧洞巖爆監(jiān)測預警的基礎(chǔ)和前提； 5.圍壓(σ3)越高,巖爆的滯后時間可能越長,但不成比例關(guān)系；高圍壓也會使滯后型巖爆烈度、規(guī)模、破壞范圍都增大。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society and economy, more and more underground space has been developed and utilized, and underground engineering gradually has the characteristics of "big, long, deep, group", so underground engineering has encountered more and more deep rock mechanics problems. Among them, rock burst is the most prominent. Most of the rockburst processes are abrupt and violent, while the delayed rockburst usually takes place after excavation, and then takes a period of lag time. It can make people feel that the danger of rockburst is no longer there, and they are in danger of entering the operation area prematurely. The phenomenon of rockburst in many underground projects at home and abroad is lagging behind, which has been paid more attention to by the scholars of underground engineering. But so far, the formation mechanism has not formed a unified understanding. Based on the key scientific problem of time-dependent deformation induced lag rockburst in the surrounding rock mass of deep buried rock mass tunnel and relying on the project of micro-seismic monitoring for diversion tunnel of Jinping II Hydropower Station, the pregnant characteristics of lagged rockburst in engineering practice are deeply studied in this paper. The microseismic monitoring technique is used to predict rockburst in deep buried rock tunnel of hydropower station. The microrupture precursor and its space-time evolution law of surrounding rock in the creep process of tunnel are analyzed, and the monitoring and warning method of lag rockburst is discussed, based on damage mechanics, By using the finite element numerical analysis method RFPA2D / realistic Failure Process Analysis), the aging deformation induced process of the lagged rockburst is reproduced successfully, and the mechanism of the delayed rockburst deformation is studied, which is the theoretical study of the lagged rockburst in the tunnel of deep buried rock mass. Monitoring and early warning to explore new ideas. The main results of this paper are as follows: 1. Where the buried depth of tunnel is large and the ground stress is high, the frequency of rockburst and lagged rockburst is relatively high, and the intensity of rockburst is relatively high. 2. The geological structure has the control function to the lag type rock burst. Especially, the location of soft and hard rock interbedded and syncline structural core is the high occurrence area of strong rockburst and laggard rockburst. 3. The accumulation of rheological damage, the initiation, development, and formation of macroscopic cracks are the gestation process of lagged rockburst and the important cause of lagged rockburst. 4. A large amount of microseismic information has obvious time priority and spatial consistency for rock burst, which is the basis and premise of microseismic monitoring technology for rock burst monitoring and warning in rock tunnel. 5. The higher the confining pressure (蟽 3) is, the longer the lag time may be, but the larger the ratio is, and the higher the confining pressure is, the greater the intensity, scale and damage range of the lagged rockburst will be.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV554;TV223

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