本文選題：灌漿工程 + 灌漿統(tǒng)一模型��； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：灌漿作為大壩壩基加固的重要手段，其不僅可以改善壩基的性能，提高壩基的整體性，并能有效的降低壩基的滲透性，是解決壩基滲透穩(wěn)定、不均勻沉降和深層抗滑穩(wěn)定等問題的重要工程措施。然而目前的壩基灌漿工程面臨著灌漿孔的地質(zhì)條件難以預(yù)測、灌漿施工過程難以控制、施工工藝復(fù)雜、海量的灌漿數(shù)據(jù)如何及時有效整理、灌漿效果如何全面的評價以及缺乏一個綜合管理平臺等關(guān)鍵性問題。如何解決這些問題，成為目前灌漿工程的挑戰(zhàn)，本文就上述問題展開深入的研究分析，并取得了以下創(chuàng)新性研究成果： （1）提出了水利水電工程灌漿統(tǒng)一模型數(shù)學(xué)模型和建模理論與方法 針對灌漿工程對灌漿孔地質(zhì)信息認(rèn)識不足的問題以及目前的三維建模研究成果并不能真正應(yīng)用到實際灌漿工程中的現(xiàn)狀；本文結(jié)合灌漿工程的特點，提出了灌漿統(tǒng)一模型數(shù)學(xué)模型，并依據(jù)各類模型建模方法所需原始數(shù)據(jù)的類型，對數(shù)據(jù)源進行了有效的分類分析，最終實現(xiàn)各類數(shù)據(jù)源的有效解析和空間三維耦合；同時，在此基礎(chǔ)上提出灌漿工程多尺度建模理論和方法，分別建立了大尺度地質(zhì)體模型、中尺度灌漿孔模型、小尺度裂隙模型和灌漿輔助建筑物模型，通過數(shù)學(xué)模型中的耦合算子，有效的表達了各類模型的三維空間耦合關(guān)系，從而為基于灌漿統(tǒng)一模型的灌漿孔地質(zhì)條件預(yù)測等分析控制方法提供了必要的理論支撐。 （2）提出了水利水電工程灌漿施工數(shù)據(jù)實時采集與監(jiān)控分析方法 針對實際灌漿工程施工過程難以控制的問題以及目前的實時控制方法只限于施工現(xiàn)場，其難以滿足實際工程對施工過程遠程實時監(jiān)控的需求；本文從灌漿工程施工過程的數(shù)據(jù)采集、監(jiān)控和動態(tài)整理的角度出發(fā)，建立了灌漿施工數(shù)據(jù)實時采集與集成方法、灌漿施工實時監(jiān)控與報警方法和灌漿數(shù)據(jù)動態(tài)整理與分析方法；在此基礎(chǔ)上，進一步研究了灌漿施工過程監(jiān)測網(wǎng)絡(luò)組建技術(shù)、Web環(huán)境下文件接口上傳及unity插件技術(shù)、灌漿報警類型及判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分析方法、灌漿報警分析模型和灌漿數(shù)據(jù)動態(tài)整理與分析技術(shù)。上述方法的實現(xiàn)有效地保證灌漿工程師對整個灌漿施工過程的遠程監(jiān)控、實時地獲取灌漿異常報警信息，而且可以及時地掌握各施工單元的灌漿成果數(shù)據(jù)，從而保證了整個灌漿始終處于受控狀態(tài)。 （3）基于灌漿統(tǒng)一模型及實時監(jiān)控技術(shù)的分析方法研究 由于灌漿工程為地下隱蔽工程，所以對灌漿孔地質(zhì)條件的準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測對灌漿分析控制十分重要；然而目前的分析方法只是結(jié)合二維地質(zhì)剖面對灌漿孔的地質(zhì)信息進行分析，其影響了分析結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性；進一步這些方法并沒有與實時的灌漿數(shù)據(jù)相結(jié)合進行分析，這也限制了這些方法在實際工程的應(yīng)用。本文結(jié)合灌漿統(tǒng)一模型與實時監(jiān)控技術(shù)，通過耦合灌漿數(shù)據(jù)、三維地質(zhì)模型和灌漿孔模型，實現(xiàn)了對灌漿孔地質(zhì)條件的預(yù)測，并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了灌漿工程復(fù)雜地質(zhì)信息預(yù)報分析方法、灌漿工程巖體抬動控制分析方法、灌漿工程灌漿參數(shù)可視化分析方法、灌漿工程巖體可灌性分析方法以及基于遺傳神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的單位注灰量預(yù)測分析方法；上述分析方法有效地降低了灌漿工程對地質(zhì)條件認(rèn)識的盲目性，減少了實際灌漿工程的抬動發(fā)生，為灌漿工程師優(yōu)化灌漿孔的布置，調(diào)整灌漿孔的施工工藝提供必要的技術(shù)支持，從而也保證了整個灌漿工程的質(zhì)量。 （4）基于模糊綜合評價法的灌漿效果評價模型研究 目前實際灌漿工程的帷幕灌漿效果評價方法，是將檢查孔的壓水試驗透水率作為唯一的評價指標(biāo)，然而灌漿是否有效地對巖體的裂隙進行了填充以及巖體的完整性是否通過灌漿得到了提高，目前的評價方法并沒有體現(xiàn)；這將給工程蓄水后壩基滲控問題帶來很大的隱患。因此，提出了基于模糊綜合評價法的灌漿效果評價模型，，該模型同時考慮了壓水試驗透水率、裂隙的水泥填充率、巖體的RQD值等三個方面因素的綜合影響，建立了基于模糊綜合評價法的灌漿效果評價模型。比較傳統(tǒng)的壓水試驗單因素評價方法，本文建立的模型綜合反映了灌后巖體的透水性、裂隙的水泥填充情況以及巖體的完整性，其評價結(jié)果更為全面合理，也為后續(xù)灌漿施工提供了更為可靠的依據(jù)。 （5）建立水利水電工程灌漿施工實時監(jiān)控與灌漿統(tǒng)一模型分析系統(tǒng) 針對灌漿工程缺乏一個包含各階段信息的三維綜合管理平臺以及目前的系統(tǒng)多為二維角度的分析整理，并且其主要是灌漿施工階段信息集成，對于地質(zhì)信息、設(shè)計信息、灌后檢查信息以及材料核銷等信息綜合集成鮮有研究的現(xiàn)狀，本文結(jié)合實際灌漿工程的需要和實時監(jiān)控與灌漿統(tǒng)一模型理論和方法，采用數(shù)據(jù)庫技術(shù)、計算機圖形處理技術(shù)、面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)和三維可視化技術(shù)，自主研發(fā)了基于B/S結(jié)構(gòu)的水利水電工程灌漿施工實時監(jiān)控與灌漿統(tǒng)一模型分析系統(tǒng)，系統(tǒng)從三維的角度為工程管理人員提供了灌漿各階段控制分析平臺。 以我國西南金沙江下游某水電站為例，將上述的研究成果的理論、方法、技術(shù)和系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用到實際工程中，實踐表明本文的研究的內(nèi)容，有效地保證灌漿工程的質(zhì)量和進度，甚至對整個工程的長期滲控穩(wěn)定運行起到了重要的作用。
[Abstract]:As an important means of strengthening the dam foundation, grouting can not only improve the performance of the dam foundation, improve the integrity of the dam foundation, and effectively reduce the permeability of the dam foundation. It is an important engineering measure to solve the seepage stability of the dam foundation, the uneven settlement and the stability of the deep anti sliding and so on. It is difficult to predict the geological conditions, the grouting construction process is difficult to control, the construction process is complex, the mass grouting data is timely and effective, how to comprehensively evaluate the effect of the grouting effect and the lack of a comprehensive management platform. How to solve these problems has become the challenge of the grouting project before the eye. The following research results are obtained:
(1) put forward the mathematical model and modeling theory and method of grouting unified model for water conservancy and hydropower projects.
The problem of insufficient understanding of grouting hole geological information in grouting engineering and the present research results of three dimensional modeling can not be applied to actual grouting engineering. In this paper, a mathematical model of unified grouting model is put forward in combination with the characteristics of grouting engineering, and the type of original data required by various model modeling methods is based on the type of the original data. The data sources are effectively classified and analyzed. Finally, the effective analysis of various data sources and three-dimensional coupling are realized. At the same time, the multi-scale modeling theory and method of grouting engineering are put forward, and the large scale geological body model, the mesoscale grouting hole model, the small scale fracture model and the grouting auxiliary building model are established respectively. The coupling operator in the mathematical model effectively expresses the three-dimensional spatial coupling relationship of various models, thus providing the necessary theoretical support for the analysis and control method of the grouting hole geological condition prediction based on the unified grouting model.
(2) proposed real-time data acquisition and monitoring analysis method for water conservancy and hydropower project grouting construction.
In view of the problems that are difficult to control in the construction process of the actual grouting engineering and the current real time control methods are only limited to the construction site, it is difficult to meet the needs of the actual project for remote real-time monitoring of the construction process. In this paper, the grouting construction data is set up from the angle of data collection, monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the construction process of the grouting project. The method of real-time collection and integration, the method of real-time monitoring and alarm of grouting and the dynamic sorting and analysis of grouting data. On this basis, the construction technology of monitoring network for grouting construction, file interface uploading and unity plug-in technology under Web environment, analysis method of grouting alarm type and judgment standard, grouting alarm The analysis model and the dynamic sorting and analysis technology of the grouting data can effectively ensure the grouting engineer's remote monitoring of the whole grouting construction process, obtain the abnormal alarm information of the grouting in real time, and can grasp the data of the grouting results in time, so that the whole grouting is always in the control. State.
(3) analysis method based on grouting unified model and real-time monitoring technology.
Because the grouting engineering is the underground concealed project, the accurate prediction of the geological conditions of the grouting hole is very important to the grouting analysis and control. However, the present analysis method is only combined with the analysis of the geological information of the grouting hole combined with the two-dimensional geological section, which affects the accuracy of the analysis results; further these methods are not in real time. The grouting data are combined to carry out analysis, which also restricts the application of these methods in practical engineering. This paper, combining the unified grouting model and real-time monitoring technology, realizes the prediction of the geological conditions of the grouting hole through the coupling grouting data, the three-dimensional geological model and the grouting hole model. On this basis, the complex geological letter of the grouting project is put forward. The analysis method of interest prediction, the analysis method of rock mass lift control in grouting engineering, the visualization analysis method of grouting parameters for grouting engineering, the grouting analysis method of grouting engineering rock mass and the method of prediction and analysis of unit water injection quantity based on genetic neural network, and the above analysis method effectively reduce the blindness of geological conditions in the grouting engineering. It reduces the lifting of the actual grouting engineering, provides the necessary technical support for the grouting engineer to optimize the layout of the grouting hole, and adjusts the construction technology of the grouting hole, thus ensuring the quality of the whole grouting project.
(4) research on evaluation model of grouting effect based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method
At present, the evaluation method of curtain grouting effect of actual grouting project is the only evaluation index of the water pressure test permeability of the inspection hole. However, whether the grouting is effective to fill the cracks in the rock mass and whether the integrity of the rock mass has been improved through grouting, and the present evaluation method is not reflected. This will give the project a project. After the water storage, the seepage control problem of the dam foundation has brought great hidden danger. Therefore, the grouting effect evaluation model based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is put forward, which takes into account the comprehensive influence of three factors, such as the permeability of water test, the filling rate of the fracture cement, the RQD value of the rock mass, and the grouting effect evaluation based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Compared with the traditional single factor evaluation method of water pressure test, the model established in this paper reflects the permeability of the rock mass, the filling of cement and the integrity of the rock mass. The evaluation results are more comprehensive and reasonable, and provide a more reliable basis for the follow-up grouting construction.
(5) establish a unified model analysis system for real-time monitoring and grouting in water conservancy and hydropower projects.
There is a lack of a three dimensional comprehensive management platform containing information of various stages and the analysis and arrangement of the current system for two dimensional angles, and it is mainly the information integration of the grouting construction stage, and the present situation of comprehensive information integration of geological information, design information, post irrigation inspection information and material nuclear pin is rarely studied. Combining the needs of actual grouting engineering and the theory and method of real-time monitoring and grouting unified model, using database technology, computer graphics processing technology, object oriented technology and three-dimensional visualization technology, the unified model analysis system of grouting construction real-time monitoring and grouting based on B/S structure is independently developed. The system is from three From the perspective of dimensionality, the control analysis platform for each stage of grouting is provided for engineering managers.
Taking a hydropower station in the lower reaches of Jinsha River in the southwest of China as an example, the theory, method, technology and system of the above research results are applied to the actual project. The practice shows the content of this study, which effectively ensures the quality and progress of the grouting engineering, and even plays an important role in the long-term seepage control and stable operation of the whole project.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV543

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