本文選題：水庫 + 泥沙��； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：水資源的短缺及污染問題在逐年加深,現(xiàn)已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重影響到居民的用水安全,甚至由于水污染控制的相對(duì)滯后出現(xiàn)了水質(zhì)性缺水。我國(guó)一直在不斷的修訂和加強(qiáng)飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以縮小我國(guó)水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的差距,更好的保障人民群眾的健康。濁度一直是水環(huán)境及水資源領(lǐng)域的常規(guī)觀測(cè)項(xiàng)目。對(duì)飲用水而言,濁度較大意味著水中各種微�；蛭⑸锖枯^高,不利于飲用者的健康,為此各國(guó)政府都制訂了飲用水和廢水排放的濁度、固體懸浮物標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。水庫作為一種多功能的水利工程,通常是周邊及下游居民生活及工農(nóng)業(yè)用水的水源或后備水源。一個(gè)水庫內(nèi)的濁度波動(dòng)可同時(shí)影響著下游多個(gè)水廠的運(yùn)行狀況,導(dǎo)致水廠的運(yùn)行成本的升高,而水廠的出水水質(zhì)也都不同程度地降低。因此,研究水庫中濁度與懸浮物的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,并進(jìn)一步分析預(yù)測(cè)水源的濁度,對(duì)于監(jiān)督預(yù)警水源水質(zhì)的變化情況以及及時(shí)調(diào)整水處理設(shè)施的工藝運(yùn)行,保證出水水質(zhì),保障居民用水安全具有重要意義。隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,城市的數(shù)量與規(guī)模的加大,導(dǎo)致城市供需不平衡越來越嚴(yán)重,產(chǎn)生了水源不足等問題。因此,導(dǎo)致了水庫尚在建設(shè)或未正常蓄水,地表水廠就要投產(chǎn)建設(shè),即水庫出水處的濁度尚無法實(shí)際測(cè)量,此時(shí),需對(duì)水庫出水口處的濁度進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。同時(shí),北方水系含沙量較大,降水量年內(nèi)分配不均勻,水庫內(nèi)的泥沙量變化巨大,其作為水源時(shí)濁度的變化具有突躍性特點(diǎn),并且隨著季節(jié)和氣候等各種因素的變化而能夠在短時(shí)間內(nèi)引起原水濁度的突變,其改變的幅度甚至超出水廠能夠承受的范圍,對(duì)下游水處理設(shè)施的運(yùn)行和供水水質(zhì)將產(chǎn)生直接的影響。因此,有必要對(duì)水庫水源的濁度進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)分析,通過監(jiān)控水源水質(zhì)的變化情況及時(shí)調(diào)整水廠的工藝運(yùn)行,保證出廠水水質(zhì)。本論文的研究成果和主要技術(shù)方法可推廣應(yīng)用于其它地區(qū)類似項(xiàng)目的科研、生產(chǎn)工作,推進(jìn)該方面的科技進(jìn)步；因此本課題研究具有重要理論意義和實(shí)用價(jià)值。本研究得出的主要結(jié)論如下：(1)從水庫產(chǎn)沙和輸沙機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析,根據(jù)水庫泥沙的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律建立了水庫懸移泥沙的沉降模型和運(yùn)移模型,分析水庫的懸移泥沙在不同位置的空間分布特征,具體為：懸移泥沙濃度沿水庫水流方向逐漸減少,這主要是由于水庫中的懸移泥沙沉降所致。懸移泥沙濃度在水庫垂直方向上的分布是從上到下逐漸增加,這符合泥沙沉降后出現(xiàn)的上清下渾現(xiàn)象,并且在水庫床底懸移泥沙濃度的變化率大于水庫水面懸移泥沙濃度的變化率；(2)根據(jù)水庫懸移泥沙粒徑的級(jí)配,配制出不同濃度的懸移泥沙樣在實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行了大量的濁度標(biāo)定試驗(yàn),以此建立了用水庫懸移泥沙濃度預(yù)測(cè)水體濁度的模型,建立模型為：YNTU=0.3444Xppm-3.291(3)將建立的水庫泥沙沉降模型、運(yùn)移模型及濁度預(yù)測(cè)模型應(yīng)用到松塔水庫,得到其在豐水年、平水年、枯水年不同位置處水庫的濁度預(yù)測(cè)值,并推算出水庫出水口處的濁度值。
[Abstract]:The problem of water resources shortage and pollution is deepening year by year. Now it has seriously affected the safety of water for residents. Even because of the relative lag of water pollution control, water shortage has appeared. Our country has been constantly revising and strengthening the sanitary standard of drinking water, in order to narrow the gap between the standard of water quality and the international standard in our country, and to better protect the people group. The turbidity has always been a routine observation project in the water environment and water resources. For drinking water, the higher turbidity means that the content of various particles or microbes in the water is high and is not conducive to the health of the drinkers. Therefore, the governments of all countries have formulated the turbidity of the discharge of drinking water and waste water and the standard of solid suspension. The reservoir is a kind of multi-function. A water conservancy project is usually a water or back-up water source for the living and industrial and agricultural water of the surrounding and downstream residents. Turbidity fluctuations within a reservoir can simultaneously affect the operation of a number of water plants downstream, leading to an increase in the operation cost of the water plant, and the water quality of the water plant is reduced in varying degrees. Therefore, the turbidity in the reservoir is studied. It is of great significance to monitor the turbidity of the water source and predict the turbidity of the water source, to monitor the changes in the water quality of the early warning water source, to adjust the process of the water treatment facilities in time, to ensure the water quality of the water and to ensure the safety of the residents, and to increase the quantity and scale of the city with the development of the society, which leads to the supply and demand of the city. The imbalance is becoming more and more serious, resulting in the shortage of water source. Therefore, the reservoir is still in construction or unnormal water storage, and the surface water plant will be put into operation, that is, the turbidity of the water outlet of the reservoir is not yet measured. At this time, the turbidity of the reservoir outlet should be predicted. Meanwhile, the sediment in the northern water system is more sediment and the precipitation is allocated within the year. The change of turbidity in the water source in the reservoir is huge, and the turbidity of the water is abrupt. And it can cause the sudden change of the turbidity of the raw water in a short time with the change of various factors such as season and climate. The range of the change is even beyond the range that the water plant can bear, the operation and supply of the downstream water treatment facilities. Water quality will have a direct impact. Therefore, it is necessary to predict and analyze the turbidity of the water source of the reservoir. By monitoring the change of water quality, the process of the water plant is adjusted in time to ensure the water quality of the plant. The research results and the main technical methods of this paper can be applied to the scientific research and production of similar projects in other areas. This research has important theoretical significance and practical value. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) the mechanism of sediment sediment production and sediment transport in the reservoir is analyzed, and the sedimentation model and migration model of the suspended sediment in the reservoir are established according to the movement law of the reservoir sediment, and the suspended sediment of the reservoir is analyzed. The spatial distribution characteristics in different positions are as follows: the suspended sediment concentration gradually decreases along the flow direction of the reservoir, which is mainly due to the suspended sediment settlement in the reservoir. The distribution of suspended sediment concentration in the vertical direction of the reservoir is gradually increased from upper to lower, which is in accordance with the muddy phenomenon of the upper and lower supernatants after the sediment settlement and in the water. The change rate of suspended sediment concentration in the base of the reservoir is greater than the change rate of the sediment concentration in the water surface of the reservoir. (2) a large number of turbidity calibration tests have been made in the laboratory according to the gradation of the suspended sediment particle size in the reservoir, and a model for predicting the turbidity of the water body with the suspended sediment concentration in the reservoir is established. The model is as follows: YNTU=0.3444Xppm-3.291 (3) the reservoir sediment settlement model, transport model and turbidity prediction model are applied to the song tower reservoir to obtain the turbidity of the reservoir at different locations in the year of high water, flat water and dry water, and to calculate the turbidity value at the outlet of the water reservoir.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV145

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 梁培瑜;王p，

本文編號(hào)：1966798