本文選題：長江 + 河口��； 參考：《環(huán)境科學研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：基于EFDC模型,構(gòu)建長江下游及河口區(qū)二維水動力模型,對河流和河口區(qū)進行整體模擬,研究長江下游及河口區(qū)水動力特征.模型在空間上采用變尺度、擬合邊界的矩形網(wǎng)格,在時間上采用動態(tài)時間步長,在模擬過程中自動識別干濕網(wǎng)格,更好地保證模擬精度與效率.利用1998年冬季以及2005年夏季和秋季實測資料,對粗糙高度等敏感參數(shù)進行參數(shù)率定和驗證.結(jié)果表明,模擬的潮位和流速與實測成果擬合較好,較好地反映了各水期長江下游及河口區(qū)的水動力要素的空間分布特征.應用模型模擬2004—2007年不同水期的水動力過程,并對模擬結(jié)果進行統(tǒng)計分析.研究顯示:從空間來看,河道、河口流態(tài)存在顯著差異,漲、落潮流場空間分布差異大;受徑流和潮差的相互作用,潮流界在河口以上150~450 km之間變動,徑流量和潮流界位置具有對數(shù)相關關系.從時間來看,徑流量豐平枯變化大,對潮流量和徑流入海時間都有一定的影響,潮流量、徑流入海時間與徑流量之間也存在明顯的定量關系.
[Abstract]:Based on the EFDC model, the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the estuary is constructed, and the hydrodynamic characteristics of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the estuaries are studied. The model adopts rectangular mesh with varying scale and boundary fitting in space, and uses dynamic time step in time to identify dry and wet mesh automatically in the process of simulation, so that the simulation accuracy and efficiency are better guaranteed. Based on the measured data in winter of 1998 and summer and autumn of 2005, the parameter rate of sensitive parameters such as rough height is determined and verified. The results show that the simulated tidal level and velocity fit well with the measured data and reflect the spatial distribution characteristics of hydrodynamic elements in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the estuary. The model was used to simulate the hydrodynamic processes in different water periods from 2004 to 2007, and the simulation results were statistically analyzed. The results show that there are significant differences in the river channel and estuarine flow patterns, the spatial distribution of tidal current field varies greatly, and the tidal boundary varies from 150 km to 450 km above the estuary due to the interaction between runoff and tidal range. There is a logarithmic correlation between the runoff and the position of the tidal current boundary. From the point of view of time, there is a great change of runoff, which has a certain influence on the tidal current and the time of runoff entering the sea, and there is a significant quantitative relationship between the amount of tidal current, the time of runoff entering the sea and the runoff.
【作者單位】： 中國環(huán)境科學研究院;
【基金】：國家水體污染控制與治理科技重大專項(2013ZX07501-005,2012ZX07503-002)
【分類號】：TV13

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