本文選題：卵礫石床面 + 粗糙特性�。� 參考：《工程科學(xué)與技術(shù)》2017年06期

【摘要】：針對(duì)代表粒徑法難以準(zhǔn)確量化床面總體粗糙特性的問(wèn)題,引入統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)理論研究卵礫石床面的粗糙特性,采用不同粒徑組成的天然卵礫石顆粒人工鋪制了多種散疊型床面,基于床面激光掃描試驗(yàn)資料并結(jié)合他人試驗(yàn)成果,探討床面粗糙統(tǒng)計(jì)參數(shù)隨顆粒組成的變化關(guān)系,分析剖面輪廓及粗糙床面的高程變異特征。結(jié)果表明:床面高程頻率分布呈負(fù)偏態(tài),形態(tài)較正態(tài)分布陡峭,為峰度Ku3的高狹峰;高程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差σz隨中值粒徑d50的增大而增大,偏度Sk隨d50的增大而減小;在d50相同的情況下,人工鋪制床面的σz和Sk值均小于清水沖刷粗化床面,而Ku值并無(wú)明顯差異。剖面輪廓的1維結(jié)構(gòu)函數(shù)滿足變異函數(shù)球狀模型,模型參數(shù)包括變程、塊金值和基臺(tái)值,變程隨d50和σz均呈先減小后增大的趨勢(shì)變化,塊金值、基臺(tái)值隨d50和σz均呈單調(diào)遞增變化,變化趨勢(shì)可用2次多項(xiàng)式曲線擬合。床面2維結(jié)構(gòu)函數(shù)的分布形態(tài)與抽樣尺度hx、hy密切相關(guān),hx、hy與d50相當(dāng)時(shí),2維結(jié)構(gòu)函數(shù)分布形態(tài)接近圓形,床面粗糙具有各向同性,與清水沖刷粗化床面的結(jié)構(gòu)函數(shù)分布規(guī)律一致;隨著hx、hy的增大,2維結(jié)構(gòu)函數(shù)分布形態(tài)復(fù)雜性明顯增加,不同象限的結(jié)構(gòu)函數(shù)值差異較大,且不再具有清水沖刷粗化床面結(jié)構(gòu)函數(shù)的分布規(guī)律,床面粗糙出現(xiàn)各向異性。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to quantify the overall roughness of the bed surface accurately by the representative particle size method, the statistical theory is introduced to study the roughness of the gravel bed surface, and a variety of scattered bed surfaces are made by using natural gravel particles with different particle sizes. Based on the laser scanning test data of bed surface and other experimental results, the variation of statistical parameters of bed roughness with particle composition is discussed, and the profile profile and height variation characteristics of rough bed surface are analyzed. The results show that the frequency distribution of bed height is negative skewed, and its shape is steeper than that of normal distribution, which is a high narrow peak of kurtosis Ku3, and the standard deviation 蟽 z increases with the increase of median particle size d _ 50, and the deviation k decreases with the increase of d _ (50). Under the same condition of d _ (50), the height standard deviation 蟽 _ z increases with the increase of d _ (50). The values of 蟽 _ z and S _ k of artificial bed surface are lower than those of clean water scouring coarsening bed surface, but there is no obvious difference in Ku value. The 1-D structural function of the profile satisfies the spherical model of the variation function. The parameters of the model include variable range, block gold value and base station value. The variation range decreases first and then increases with d _ (50) and 蟽 _ z, and the block gold value increases. The base value increases monotonously with d50 and 蟽 z, and the change trend can be fitted by polynomial curve of order 2. The distribution of 2-D structural function of bed surface is closely related to the sampling scale (HXHY). When the distribution form of 2-D structural function is close to circular, the roughness of bed surface is isotropic, which is consistent with the distribution law of structural function of roughened bed surface washed by clear water. With the increase of hxhy's size, the morphological complexity of the two dimensional structural functions increases obviously, and the structural functions of different quadrants differ greatly, and there is no longer the distribution law of the structural functions of the roughened bed surface with clear water scouring, and the roughness of the bed surface appears anisotropy
【作者單位】： 重慶交通大學(xué)國(guó)家內(nèi)河航道整治工程技術(shù)研究中心;重慶交通大學(xué)水利水運(yùn)工程教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;四川大學(xué)水力學(xué)與山區(qū)河流開(kāi)發(fā)保護(hù)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51509026) 重慶市基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)與前沿技術(shù)研究資助項(xiàng)目(cstc2017jcyj AX0278)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TV147

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