本文選題：模型試驗 + 非淹沒式丁壩群　； 參考：《西北農林科技大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國，以黃河為代表的多沙河流，，由于攜帶較多的懸移質泥沙，河床沖淤變化劇烈，在漫長的演變過程中形成了極不穩(wěn)定的游蕩性河型特征，對河道兩岸人民生活和經濟發(fā)展構成了極大威脅。為減輕游蕩性河流河勢頻繁變化對河道大堤的威脅，采取有效的工程措施對游蕩性河流進行河道整治，控導主流，穩(wěn)定河勢，對于減輕防洪壓力保障河道兩岸經濟社會發(fā)展具有極為重要的意義。 實體丁壩群作為最常見的河道整治建筑物在河道整治工程中廣為應用，尤其在河勢散亂河床穩(wěn)定性較差的沖積平原河流，為固堤護灘控導河勢，經常采用丁壩群的平面布置形式進行工程規(guī)劃設計。傳統(tǒng)的實體丁壩群工程雖然在整治寬淺游蕩河流中起到了良好的作用，但遇到大洪水時工程局部往往被沖毀導致破壞，影響其防護效果。挾沙水流的挾沙能力與水流速度的高次方成正比，若使流速發(fā)生微小變化，則挾沙力的減小是很可觀的，這一現象常常會促使水流對河床的沖刷變?yōu)椴粵_甚至淤積。近年來，基于這一河流動力學基本原理的透水性治河護岸技術措施在固堤護灘減速落淤、控導河勢方面體現了許多優(yōu)勢。透水與實體相結合、剛性與柔性相結合的治河護岸技術是未來治河技術發(fā)展的主要方向之一。 為了給實體與透水相結合的復合型護岸技術開發(fā)研究提供基礎理論依據，本文首先結合某河道整治工程的實施，通過比尺模型試驗，對實體丁壩群設計參數變化時局部沖刷規(guī)律進行了分析研究，總結了不同壩軸線方位角、丁壩間距和長度對沖刷坑深度及沖淤位置的影響，提出了丁壩群各壩頭局部沖刷深度的分析計算方法；然后通過概化模型試驗，結合理論分析，對鋼筋混凝土井柱樁這一在新疆地區(qū)應用較多的透水丁壩（簡稱透水樁壩）控導水流的作用和緩流落淤的效果進行了分析研究，研究成果表明透水樁壩在一定透水率和壩軸線方位角時緩流落淤效果顯著；最后通過數值模擬手段研究了上述兩種丁壩群實際運行時與水流相互作用的護岸機理，模擬結果與試驗觀測規(guī)律基本一致。試驗所得結論可為工程規(guī)劃設計提供參考，并為復合型護岸技術的研發(fā)提供了便捷實用的分析手段。
[Abstract]:In our country, because of carrying more suspended sediment, the river bed scour and silt changes dramatically, which forms the extremely unstable wandering river type characteristic in the long evolution process. It poses a great threat to the people's life and economic development on both sides of the river. In order to reduce the threat of frequent changes of river regime to the river embankment, effective engineering measures are taken to regulate the wandering river, control and guide the mainstream, and stabilize the river regime. It is of great significance to reduce flood control pressure and ensure the economic and social development of both sides of the river. As the most common river regulation building, solid dike group is widely used in river regulation engineering, especially in alluvial plain rivers with poor stability of river regime scattered riverbed. The plane layout of dike group is often used for engineering planning and design. Although the traditional solid spur dike group works have played a good role in the regulation of wide and shallow wandering rivers, when the flood occurs, the local engineering is often destroyed and destroyed, which affects its protective effect. The sediment carrying capacity of sediment carrying flow is directly proportional to the high power of flow velocity. If the velocity of flow is slightly changed, the decrease of sediment carrying capacity is considerable. This phenomenon often causes the erosion of river bed to become non-scouring and even silting. In recent years, based on this basic principle of river dynamics, the technical measures of water permeable river regulation and bank revetment have shown many advantages in the aspects of embankment protection, beach reduction and siltation control and river regime control. The combination of permeable and solid, rigid and flexible river revetment technology is one of the main directions of future river control technology development. In order to provide the basic theoretical basis for the research and development of the composite bank revetment technology which combines the solid and the permeable water, this paper first combined with the implementation of a river regulation project, through the scale model test, In this paper, the local scour law of solid spur group is analyzed and studied, and the influence of azimuth angle of different axis, spacing and length of spur dam on the depth of scour pit and the position of scour and deposition are summarized. The analysis and calculation method of the local scour depth at each head of the spur dike group is put forward, and then through the generalizable model test, combined with the theoretical analysis, In this paper, the effect of reinforced concrete well column pile, which is widely used in Xinjiang area, on controlling and guiding water flow and the effect of slow flow and siltation are analyzed and studied. The research results show that the flow and siltation of the permeable pile dam is remarkable at a certain water permeability rate and the azimuth angle of the dam axis. Finally, the revetment mechanism of the interaction between the two kinds of dike groups and the flow is studied by means of numerical simulation. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental observation. The experimental results can provide reference for engineering planning and design, and provide a convenient and practical analysis method for the research and development of compound revetment technology.
【學位授予單位】：西北農林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV863

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