本文選題：黃河內(nèi)蒙段 + 河床沖淤演變��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),黃河內(nèi)蒙段河道內(nèi)水沙量變化劇烈,河床不斷發(fā)生遷移擺動(dòng),河槽嚴(yán)重淤積萎縮。因此,研究該河段河床沖淤演變規(guī)律與其影響因素之間的關(guān)系顯得尤為迫切。本文根據(jù)錢寧教授的河床演變學(xué)和河流動(dòng)力學(xué)的基本原理,以統(tǒng)計(jì)回歸分析與軟件處理相結(jié)合為基本處理手段,在收集整理黃河內(nèi)蒙段4個(gè)水文站流量水位、河道斷面及遙感衛(wèi)片等資料的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了黃河內(nèi)蒙段橫縱向河道形態(tài)變遷特點(diǎn)、汛期及非汛期同流量下的水位變化規(guī)律和各影響因子對(duì)河床演變的影響程度等,取得如下成果： 1.斷面法分析結(jié)果表明：45年來(lái)石嘴山斷面處于平衡狀態(tài),河道右岸沖刷,左岸淤積；巴彥高勒斷面總體呈微淤狀態(tài),淤積和沖刷交替發(fā)生,但局部河段發(fā)生較劇烈沖刷；三湖河口斷面逐步向窄深方向發(fā)展,斷面總體左岸發(fā)生劇烈的遷移,并出現(xiàn)局部左右擺動(dòng)現(xiàn)象,凹岸沖刷侵蝕,凸岸淤積加高；頭道拐斷面總體處于沖刷的狀態(tài),河道向兩側(cè)擺動(dòng),高低灘地左右切換,河道基本處于動(dòng)態(tài)沖淤平衡狀態(tài)�？傮w來(lái)看,整個(gè)河段呈淤積狀態(tài),其中20世紀(jì)90年代更為突出。 2.黃河內(nèi)蒙段汛期受到來(lái)自上游洪水的沖刷,而非汛期的水位上下波動(dòng),總體上呈微淤狀態(tài)。同流量水位法很好地揭示了黃河內(nèi)蒙段河道具有“大水沖刷,小水淤積”的特性。 3.黃河內(nèi)蒙段的主河道面積及平均寬度總體上呈減少的趨勢(shì),曾經(jīng)大面積相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的河心洲也已演變?yōu)樾∫?guī)模的心灘,河心洲數(shù)量減少,總體上呈河道淤積和河槽萎縮的趨勢(shì)。 4.黃河內(nèi)蒙段主槽過(guò)水面積A1與前一年主槽過(guò)水面積A(t-1)、流量Qi、其他時(shí)間因子t存在較強(qiáng)的相關(guān)關(guān)系,在建立線形回歸模型并用于模擬預(yù)測(cè)研究區(qū)主槽過(guò)水面積的變化情況,從而揭示河床沖淤演變特征。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the amount of water and sediment in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River has changed dramatically, the river bed has been moving and swinging constantly, and the channel is seriously silting and shrinking. Therefore, it is urgent to study the relationship between erosion and siltation evolution of the river bed and its influencing factors. Based on Professor Qian Ning's basic principles of river bed evolution and river dynamics, this paper takes the combination of statistical regression analysis and software processing as the basic means to collect and sort out the discharge water levels of four hydrologic stations in the Neimeng section of the Yellow River. Based on the data of channel section and remote sensing satellite, this paper analyzes the characteristics of horizontal and longitudinal river channel changes in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River, the variation of water level in flood season and non-flood season, and the influence degree of each influencing factor on river bed evolution, etc. The following results have been achieved: 1. The results of cross-section analysis show that the Shizuishan section is in equilibrium state in the past 45 years, the right bank of the river course is scoured, the left bank is silted, the Bayangol section is in the state of micro-siltation, the siltation and scour occur alternately, but the local river reaches are scoured violently. The section of Sanhu Estuary gradually develops towards narrow and deep direction, the overall left bank of the section moves violently, the phenomenon of local left and right swinging occurs, the erosion of the concave bank, the siltation of the convex bank increases, and the section of the head road is generally in the state of scouring, The channel swinging to both sides and switching between high and low beach, the channel is basically in the state of dynamic scouring and silting equilibrium. In general, the whole reach is silting, especially in the 1990's. 2. The flood season of the Neimeng section of the Yellow River is washed by the upstream flood, but the water level fluctuates up and down in the non-flood season. The same discharge water level method has well revealed that the channel in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River has the characteristics of "big water scour, small water deposition". 3. The area and average width of the main channel in the Neimeng section of the Yellow River have generally decreased, and the once relatively stable Hexinzhou has also evolved into a small scale Xintan, and the number of the Hexin Island has decreased, with the overall trend of channel siltation and channel atrophy. 4. There is a strong correlation between the area A1 of the main channel in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River and the area of water passing through the main channel of the previous year, the flow rate Qiand other time factors t. The linear regression model is established and used to simulate and predict the change of the overwater area of the main channel in the study area. Thus, the evolution characteristics of river bed erosion and deposition are revealed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV147

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