本文選題：土石壩 + 滲流反演��； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)水利事業(yè)發(fā)展較早,并且修建了大量的水利工程,土石壩因工程施工簡(jiǎn)便,結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,便于維護(hù),造價(jià)便宜,適應(yīng)性好等原因而被廣泛采用。在土石壩的設(shè)計(jì)建造和安全評(píng)價(jià)分析過(guò)程中,滲流分析和邊坡穩(wěn)定性分析都是最主要的考慮因素。通過(guò)土石壩的滲流分析和邊坡穩(wěn)定性分析之后,才能準(zhǔn)確判斷可能出現(xiàn)的隱患或病險(xiǎn)并采取應(yīng)對(duì)措施,或者對(duì)已出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題及時(shí)采取處理和加固措施,以保證大壩安全運(yùn)行。本論文結(jié)合佛寺水庫(kù)工程概況,應(yīng)用GeoStudio軟件對(duì)佛寺水庫(kù)大壩進(jìn)行壩體滲流和壩坡穩(wěn)定分析,并評(píng)價(jià)工程安全性。 佛寺水庫(kù)建造時(shí)間較早,壩體材料、大壩結(jié)構(gòu)等會(huì)隨時(shí)間推移而產(chǎn)生變化,大壩可能出現(xiàn)異常滲流、壩坡不穩(wěn)等嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題,為了判定大壩安全性而進(jìn)行壩體滲流和壩坡穩(wěn)定的有限元分析之前,要先通過(guò)滲流反演分析推求壩體材料參數(shù),本文采用的反演方法是BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)法和試錯(cuò)法。首先建立三層結(jié)構(gòu)的BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò),然后通過(guò)有限元模型的計(jì)算分析選取大量訓(xùn)練樣本對(duì)BP網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練,得到合適的3-7-3型的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu),之后再利用控制變量的方法分析出粘土心墻和上下游壤土滲透系數(shù)的變化對(duì)測(cè)壓管水頭的影響,根據(jù)滲透系數(shù)和測(cè)壓管水頭的關(guān)系,最后聯(lián)合試錯(cuò)法對(duì)大壩進(jìn)行滲流反演分析,推得大壩0+510.1斷面粘土心墻、上游壤土、下游壤土的滲透系數(shù)分別為5.90×10-06cm/s,1.00×10-05cm/s、2.00×10-04cm/s。 反演求得壩體材料的滲流參數(shù)后,就可利用SEEP/W軟件進(jìn)行不同工況下的壩體滲流有限元分析,滲流分析結(jié)果表明0+510.1斷面上,上游壤土與心墻聯(lián)合防滲,壩基砂礫石覆蓋層排滲效果較好,但仍有部分水頭等值線分布在壩基風(fēng)化巖當(dāng)中；高水位工況下心墻下部的水平滲透坡降,可能導(dǎo)致心墻發(fā)生滲透破壞；各控制工況下該斷面的單寬滲流量在0.257-0.855m3/d之間,且隨水位的降低而減小。壩體滲流分析后,將SEEP/W軟件的數(shù)據(jù)直接應(yīng)用于SLOPE/W軟件中,就可進(jìn)行不同工況下的壩坡穩(wěn)定性有限元分析,結(jié)果表明0+510.1斷面壩坡穩(wěn)定基本滿足規(guī)范要求,但由設(shè)計(jì)洪水位快速降落至溢洪道堰頂高程的工況穩(wěn)定安全系數(shù)不滿足規(guī)范要求,會(huì)出現(xiàn)壩坡失穩(wěn)現(xiàn)象。 綜上所述,可判斷出大壩0+510.1斷面壩體滲流穩(wěn)定性基本滿足規(guī)范要求,但還存有一定問(wèn)題,建議對(duì)壩基未灌漿區(qū)域進(jìn)行帷幕灌漿,以改善壩基滲流條件,保證壩基滲流穩(wěn)定；對(duì)高滲透坡降區(qū)域進(jìn)行防滲加固處理；對(duì)上游壩坡采取排滲加固措施,防止高水位情況下水位驟降引起的壩坡失穩(wěn)。
[Abstract]:The development of water conservancy in our country is early and a large number of water conservancy projects have been built. The earth-rock dam is widely used because of its simple construction, simple structure, convenient maintenance, cheap cost and good adaptability. Seepage analysis and slope stability analysis are the most important factors in the design and construction of earth-rock dams and safety evaluation and analysis. Only after the seepage analysis and slope stability analysis of earth-rock dam can we accurately judge the hidden danger or disease risk and take countermeasures, or take timely treatment and reinforcement measures to ensure the safe operation of the dam. In this paper, combined with the general situation of Fosi reservoir project, GeoStudio software is used to analyze the seepage and slope stability of the dam, and the safety of the dam is evaluated. The Fossi reservoir was built earlier, the dam body material and dam structure will change with the passage of time, the dam may have serious problems such as abnormal seepage, unstable dam slope, etc. In order to determine the safety of the dam, before the finite element analysis of seepage flow and slope stability of the dam is carried out, the material parameters of the dam must be derived through the seepage inversion analysis. The inversion methods used in this paper are BP neural network method and trial and error method. Firstly, a three-layer BP neural network is established, and then a large number of training samples are selected to train the BP neural network through the finite element analysis, and a suitable 3-7-3 network structure is obtained. Then the influence of the change of permeability coefficient of clay core wall and upstream and downstream loam on the pressure pipe head is analyzed by using the method of controlling variables. According to the relation between the permeability coefficient and the water head of the pressure measuring pipe, the seepage inversion analysis of the dam is carried out by combined trial and error method. The permeability coefficients of clay core wall, upper loam and downstream loam are 5.90 脳 10 ~ (-6) cm / s ~ 1.00 脳 10 ~ (-5) cm / s ~ (2) 脳 10 ~ (-4) cm / s respectively. After obtaining seepage parameters of dam body material, finite element analysis of seepage flow of dam body under different working conditions can be carried out by using SEEP/W software. The seepage analysis results show that the upstream loam soil and core wall are combined to prevent seepage on section 0 510.1. The effect of sand gravel overburden on dam foundation is good, but there are still some water head isolines distributed in the weathered rock of dam foundation, the horizontal seepage slope of the lower part of the core wall under high water level condition may lead to the percolation failure of the core wall. The single wide seepage discharge of this section is between 0.257-0.855m3/d and decreases with the decrease of water level. After the seepage analysis of dam body, the data of SEEP/W software can be directly applied to SLOPE/W software, and the stability of dam slope under different working conditions can be analyzed by finite element method. The results show that the stability of 0 510.1 section dam slope basically meets the requirements of the code. However, when the design flood level drops rapidly to the top of the spillway Weir, the stability safety factor of the working condition does not meet the requirements of the code, and the instability of the dam slope will occur. In summary, it can be concluded that the seepage stability of the dam 0 510.1 section dam body basically meets the requirements of the code, but there are still some problems. It is suggested that curtain grouting should be carried out in the ungrouting area of the dam foundation in order to improve the seepage condition of the dam foundation and ensure the seepage stability of the dam foundation. In order to prevent the instability of dam slope caused by sudden drop of water level in high water level, seepage prevention and reinforcement measures are taken for upstream dam slope.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TV641;TV223

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