發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-24 00:39

  本文選題：數(shù)學(xué)模型 + 渭河下游��； 參考：《西安理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：渭河流域綜合治理工程實(shí)施后,必然對(duì)渭河的來水來沙等造成影響。本文采用數(shù)值模擬的方法研究渭河下游河道沖淤演變趨勢(shì),為渭河流域后續(xù)治理及管理提供技術(shù)支撐,具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文對(duì)泥沙數(shù)學(xué)模型中的一些如動(dòng)床糙率、非均勻沙沉速等問題進(jìn)行了探討,并在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)現(xiàn)有的泥沙數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行了完善。依據(jù)各相關(guān)水文站的實(shí)測(cè)資料,對(duì)渭河下游河段和黃河龍門～潼關(guān)河段的水沙特性及沖淤特性進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要分析。采用1969～1995年實(shí)測(cè)資料對(duì)模型的適應(yīng)性、計(jì)算參數(shù)等進(jìn)行了率定,并用2008～2012年實(shí)測(cè)資料對(duì)模型進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。計(jì)算結(jié)果可知,各河段的河道計(jì)算沖淤量值與實(shí)測(cè)沖淤量值基本相符。利用驗(yàn)證后的數(shù)學(xué)模型對(duì)3種不同水沙系列情況下渭河下游河道的沖淤過程及其沖淤對(duì)渭河下游不同流量級(jí)洪水位的影響進(jìn)行了模擬計(jì)算,并對(duì)計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析。主要結(jié)論為:(1)3種不同水沙系列情況下,除渭攔～渭淤1河段為累計(jì)淤積外,其余河段均為累計(jì)沖刷;豐水豐沙、枯水枯沙及現(xiàn)狀水沙系列情況下,渭河下游河段總沖刷量分別為0.838億m3、1.357億m3及1.671億m3;即從總沖刷量來看,渭河下游河道將以沖刷為主要趨勢(shì)。(2)渭淤1～10河段、渭淤10～26河段、渭淤26～37河段總沖刷量占渭河下游全河段總沖刷量的比例,豐水豐沙系列情況下分別為34.99%、5.53%、59.48%;枯水枯沙系列情況下分別為23.86%、29.70%、46.43%;現(xiàn)狀水沙系列情況下分別為27.78%、28.78%、43.43%;即從沖刷量的空間分布來看,渭河下游河道沖刷量主要分布在渭淤26～37河段。(3)從渭河下游河段累計(jì)沖淤量隨時(shí)間的變化來看,豐水豐沙系列除第4年～第6年發(fā)生累計(jì)性淤積外,其余年份均發(fā)生累計(jì)性沖刷;而枯水枯沙及現(xiàn)狀水沙系列計(jì)算年份內(nèi)均為累計(jì)性沖刷過程。(4)不同水沙系列條件下,渭河下游不同河段沖淤情況不同,洪水位升降幅度也有所不同;因渭淤26～37河段沖刷量最大,故其不同流量級(jí)洪水位下降幅度亦最大。
[Abstract]:After the comprehensive control project of Weihe River Basin is carried out, it will inevitably affect the coming water and sediment of Weihe River. In this paper, the method of numerical simulation is used to study the trend of erosion and siltation in the lower reaches of the Weihe River. It is of great practical significance to provide technical support for the subsequent management and management of the Weihe River Basin. In this paper, some problems in sediment mathematical models such as the roughness of moving bed and the velocity of non-uniform sediment settlement are discussed, and the existing mathematical models of sediment are improved. Based on the measured data of various hydrological stations, the characteristics of water and sediment in the lower reaches of the Weihe River and the Longmen to Tongguan reach of the Yellow River are analyzed briefly. The adaptability and calculation parameters of the model are determined by using the measured data from 1969 to 1995, and the model is verified by the measured data from 2008 to 2012. The calculated results show that the calculated values of scour and siltation are in good agreement with the measured values. By using the verified mathematical model, the scour and deposition process of the lower Weihe River and the influence of the erosion and deposition on the flood water level of different discharge levels in the lower reaches of the Weihe River are simulated and calculated under three different water and sediment series, and the calculated results are analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: in the case of three different water and sediment series, except for the accumulative siltation in the Wei bar and Wei silt reach, the other reaches are all accumulated scour, and in the case of abundant water and sand, low water and dry sand and present water and sediment series, The total scour amount of the lower reaches of the Weihe River is 83.8 million m3, 135.7 million m3 and 167.1 million m3 respectively. The proportion of total scour to the total scour in the lower reaches of the Weihe River is 34.995.535.53 in the Fengshui Fengsha series; 23.866.86 in the dry water and dry sand series; and 27.78 28.780.43.43in the present water and sand series respectively; that is, from the perspective of the spatial distribution of the scour volume, The amount of erosion in the lower reaches of Weihe River is mainly distributed in section 2637 of Weihe River.) from the time variation of the accumulated amount of scour and deposition in the lower reaches of Weihe River, the accumulation of sediment accumulation in the series of abundant water and sand occurred in the other years except for the 4th year to the sixth year. Under the conditions of different water and sediment series, different erosion and siltation conditions in the lower reaches of the Weihe River, the fluctuation of flood water level is also different, because the erosion amount of Wei26silt No. 37 reaches is the largest. Therefore, its different discharge levels of flood water level decline range is also the largest.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TV147

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