本文選題：混凝土重力壩 + 曲線　； 參考：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：重力壩作為壩工設(shè)計(jì)中廣為應(yīng)用的一種壩形，它的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)已成為人們關(guān)注和研究的焦點(diǎn)。對(duì)重力壩進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)，是重力壩設(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)鍵步驟。重力壩斷面優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的目的是在特定的荷載作用下尋找最優(yōu)的設(shè)計(jì)方案，通過一系列的分析計(jì)算，能夠獲得一個(gè)既安全穩(wěn)定又經(jīng)濟(jì)合理的設(shè)計(jì)方案。 目前在重力壩設(shè)計(jì)中，斷面都采用基本三角形斷面，該斷面形式能有效的簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算，較易得出壩體的幾何尺寸，但它并非是理論上最優(yōu)的斷面形式。傳統(tǒng)的基本三角形斷面能恰巧滿足壩體建基面上的各項(xiàng)控制條件，但在壩體較高的截面上材料的強(qiáng)度不能充分發(fā)揮，，常有所富余，且由于壩體上下游折坡點(diǎn)的存在，壩體在折點(diǎn)處容易產(chǎn)生應(yīng)力集中現(xiàn)象，所以可以考慮將上下游壩面做成曲面形式，通過數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃法求解一個(gè)能恰巧滿足壩體各截面處控制條件的最優(yōu)斷面。 本文首先闡述了重力壩進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的基本理論和方法，以及重力壩應(yīng)力、穩(wěn)定計(jì)算應(yīng)遵循的計(jì)算方法和控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；然后采用數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃法，以曲線壩面的上下游方程系數(shù)為設(shè)計(jì)變量，以幾何約束、抗滑穩(wěn)定和應(yīng)力約束為控制條件，以單位壩段斷面面積作為目標(biāo)函數(shù)建立重力壩的數(shù)學(xué)模型；最后通過ANSYS有限元分析軟件進(jìn)行壩體的優(yōu)化計(jì)算模擬，其研究的主要內(nèi)容分述如下： 1.采用ANSYS的參數(shù)化語(yǔ)言建立了重力壩曲線斷面模型，并用ANSYS自帶的優(yōu)化分析程序?qū)误w進(jìn)行優(yōu)化分析。整個(gè)計(jì)算分析過程由于是參數(shù)化輸入，所以無論是幾何模型建立、網(wǎng)格劃分、幾何邊界條件以及荷載(壩體自重、靜水壓力、揚(yáng)壓力和地震作用)施加，還是計(jì)算求解、判斷收斂條件是否滿足以及進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化計(jì)算，這所有的工作都依靠計(jì)算機(jī)來完成，其求解效率高，結(jié)果較為可靠。 2.進(jìn)行傳統(tǒng)斷面和曲線斷面的對(duì)比分析。本文不僅建立了曲線斷面的有限元模型，而且還建立了傳統(tǒng)的基本三角形斷面模型，通過對(duì)壩高為30m，材料屬性、壩頂寬度以及荷載全部相同的兩種斷面進(jìn)行分析研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)曲線斷面既能滿足強(qiáng)度和穩(wěn)定要求，又能使目標(biāo)函數(shù)更小，滿足我們經(jīng)濟(jì)性的要求，這便增加了這種斷面形式的可使用性。 3.根據(jù)重力壩的分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)高、中、低壩三種壩形分別進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)，在幾何約束、穩(wěn)定、應(yīng)力都滿足規(guī)范規(guī)定的要求下，通過對(duì)比分析結(jié)果可知，隨著壩體壩高的增加，曲線形斷面的面積減少率逐漸減小，這也表明曲線形重力壩設(shè)計(jì)更加適合于低壩設(shè)計(jì)。通過本文的分析研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)曲線形重力壩在實(shí)際工程中有一定的可行性，這為以后的重力壩設(shè)計(jì)提供了一定的方案參考。
[Abstract]:Gravity dam is widely used in dam design, its optimization design has become the focus of attention and research. The optimization design of gravity dam is the key step of gravity dam design. The purpose of optimization design of gravity dam section is to find the optimal design scheme under specific load. Through a series of analysis and calculation, a safe, stable and economical design scheme can be obtained. At present, in the design of gravity dams, basic triangular sections are used in the design of gravity dams. This section form can simplify the calculation effectively and get the geometric size of the dam body more easily, but it is not the optimal section form in theory. The traditional basic triangular section can meet the control conditions on the foundation surface of the dam body, but the strength of the material on the higher section of the dam body can not be brought into full play, which is often surplus, and due to the existence of the upstream and downstream slope points of the dam body, It is easy to produce stress concentration phenomenon at the break point of the dam, so we can consider making the upstream and downstream dam surface into a curved surface form, and solve an optimal section by mathematical programming method, which can just meet the control conditions of each section of the dam body. In this paper, the basic theory and method for optimum design of gravity dam, the calculation method and control standard for stress and stability calculation of gravity dam, and the mathematical programming method are introduced in this paper. The mathematical model of gravity dam is established with the coefficient of upstream and downstream equation as design variable, geometric constraint, anti-slip stability and stress constraint as control conditions, and the cross-section area of unit dam segment as objective function. Finally, the optimization calculation and simulation of the dam body are carried out by ANSYS finite element analysis software. The main contents of its research are described as follows: 1. The curve section model of gravity dam is established by using the parametric language of ANSYS, and the optimization analysis program of ANSYS is used to optimize the dam body. The whole calculation and analysis process is parameterized input, so whether it is geometric modeling, meshing, geometric boundary conditions and loads (dam body weight, hydrostatic pressure, uplift pressure and seismic action) or computational solution, To judge whether the convergence condition is satisfied or not and to carry on the corresponding optimization calculation, all the work depends on the computer to complete, its solution efficiency is high, the result is more reliable. 2. The traditional section and curve section are compared and analyzed. In this paper, not only the finite element model of curve section is established, but also the traditional triangular section model is established. Through the analysis of two sections whose dam height is 30 m, material attribute, dam top width and load are all the same. It is found that the curve section can not only meet the requirements of strength and stability, but also make the objective function smaller and meet our economic requirements, which increases the usability of this type of section. 3. According to the classification standard of gravity dam, the optimum design of three types of dams are carried out separately. Under geometric constraints, stability and stress, the results of comparison and analysis show that the height of dam body increases with the increase of dam height. The area reduction rate of curved section gradually decreases, which also indicates that the design of curved gravity dam is more suitable for the design of low dam. Through the analysis and research in this paper, it is found that the curved gravity dam is feasible in practical engineering, which provides a certain scheme reference for the design of gravity dam in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV642.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 蔣繪靜;基于ANSYS和MATLAB的重力壩結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2016年

本文編號(hào)：1774451